The effectiveness of the GoKoan e-learning platform in improving university students’ academic performance

The GoKoan e-learning platform supports face-to-face training in an educational community. Its aim is to optimise the way and the time of study in order to improve academic performance. To evaluate the GoKoan platform’s effectiveness as a tool for improving academic performance, an experimental study was carried out using a sample of 171 university students enrolled in the psychology degree programme who were randomly assigned to the two different conditions (the experimental group: traditional learning + e-learning with the GoKoan platform; and the control group: traditional learning without e-learning). The findings showed that using GoKoan had a positive impact on the students’ academic performance (d = 0.39, 95 % CI [0.08, 0.69]). The results highlight the importance of blended learning in improving students’ learning performance. Other aspects of its effectiveness (e.g, the levels achieved in student learning outcomes) will be considered in future studies.     

The impact of media multitasking on learning

While multitasking is not a new concept, it has received increasing attention in recent years with the development of new media and technologies. Recent trends appear to suggest that multitasking is on the rise among the younger generation. The purpose of the study is to determine if students obtain more or less information in multitasking conditions. We examined the relationships of multitasking to attention, cognitive load and media with 130 college student participants. In this study, participants were given a timed (16 minutes) reading comprehension test in three conditions: Silence (only reading), Background multitasking (reading with a non-tested video shown simultaneously), and Test multitasking (reading with a tested video shown simultaneously) conditions. Our findings indicated that: (1) participants in the Background condition performed as well as those in the Silence condition, and (2) when participants were tested on their video comprehension, the group in the Test condition performed significantly better than the group in the Background condition. The results of this study suggest that cognitive load plays an important role in determining how much information is retained when students perform more than one task at a time.     

数字图书馆发展现状研究

随着多媒体信息技术、通信技术的进步以及信息高速公路的飞速发展,数字图书馆的研究与建设已成为计算机科学界、情报科学界和全球各地区图书馆的重要研究课题。概述了数字图书馆的功能和技术特点,并分析了数字图书馆的发展现状以及目前存在的问题。     

基于数字水印的多媒体教学资源保护

将数字水印用于数字化音视频产品的版权保护,弥补了传统的数据加密方式的不足,成为数字版权管理的有效手段。传统加密技术在数字版权保护中存在的问题是,数据一旦被解密,数字内容就可以非法复制和传播。因此提倡将版权信息作为水印加入数字作品的多媒体教学资源保护策略。一     

多媒体学习研究的演进

在起源于教育领域之外的多媒体学习责源（像光盘和网络）大规模涌入之前,关于多媒体对学习的影响方面的实验研究已经有几十年的时间。尽管研究的结果并不是决定性的,但是前两代多媒体研究帮助我们确定了影响有效多媒体设计的要素。本文总结了现有研究的结论．评述了每一代多媒体研究的主要理论问题、研究方向以及不足之处。论文还讨论了已经开始受到人们关注的第三代多媒体设计和学习研究新动向,也提出了若干未来发展趋势的建议。     

Facilitators or suppressors: Effects of experimentally induced emotions on multimedia learning

The present study investigated the influence of experimentally induced emotions (positive, neutral, negative) on learning with multimedia instruction with N = 75 university students. In order to provide sound explanations about how emotional state might impact learning, measures of motivation, cognitive load, and attentional processes (eye tracking) were integrated. Results showed that while emotions did not influence retention, emotions did influence outcomes of the comprehension and transfer test. Specifically, a facilitating effect of an induced negative emotional state on learning outcomes was observed, which could be attributed to a more focused and detailed information processing. In contrast, an induced positive emotional state had a suppressing effect on learning outcomes since learners were distracted from the learning materials by their emotions. Motivational measures were not influenced by learners' different emotional states, but overall, controlled motivation increased and autonomous motivation decreased during learning. In sum, the learners' emotional state should be considered in learning research as an important predictor for learning success.     

高校数字化教学资源系统的建设与管理

高校数字化教学资源的建设是教育信息化建设工作的重要内容．是实现数字化教学与学习的前提条件。数字化教学资源系统可包括多媒体素材库、多媒体课件库、教育视频资源库、自主学习型网络课程库、讲授型网络课程库、教师个人教学网站群、精品课程库等。科学管理，合理应用，可使数字化教学资源系统发挥最大的效益。     

What’s the problem? Meaning making and learning to do mathematical word problems in the context of digital tools

The general background of this study is an interest in how digital tools contribute to structuring learning activities. The specific interest is to explore how such tools co-determine students’ reasoning when solving word problems in mathematics, and what kind of learning that follows. Theoretically the research takes its point of departure in a sociocultural perspective on the role of cultural tools in thinking, and in a complementary interest in the role of the communicative framing of cognitive activities. Data have been collected through video documentation of classroom activities in secondary schools where multimedia tools are integrated into mathematics teaching. The focus of the analysis is on cases where the students encounter some kind of difficulty. The results show how the tool to a significant degree co-determines the meaning making practices of students. Thus, it is not a passive element in the situation; rather it invites certain types of activities, for instance iterative computations that do not necessarily rely on an analysis of the problems to be solved. For long periods of time the students’ activities are framed within the context of the tool, and they do not engage in discussing mathematics at all when solving the problems. It is argued that both from a practical and theoretical point of view it is important to scrutinize what competences students develop when using tools of this kind.

Efficacy of digital picture book enhancements grounded in multimedia learning principles: Dependent on age?

We designed an experiment with stratified randomization to investigate the effects of visual and auditory enhancements in digital picture books on comprehension and incidental word learning. Participants were 183 children aged 3, 4, and 5 years (81 girls and 102 boys) from childcare centers and schools in the Southwest USA. We contrasted the still-image condition (an onscreen picture book with a voice-over reading the narrative aloud) with three enhanced conditions: a digital book that included auditory and visual enhancements, only auditory enhancement, or only visual enhancement. All participants watched and listened thrice to the researcher-assigned digital picture book version within three weeks. The posttests assessed children's story comprehension and book-based vocabulary. The visual and auditory enhancements benefited children's story comprehension and book-based vocabulary. However, a version with auditory and visual enhancements was less beneficial for comprehension than versions with single (auditory or visual) enhancements, particularly in the youngest group.     

人机交互过程中远程学习者情感检测的设计与应用研究

远程学习环境下学习过程中的人机交互和情感检测是一项重要的课题。在教育代理应用的基础上,对学习者的情感检测模型和检测的整体架构进行设计,通过对教育代理与学习者之间情感信息的提取、分析,完成对学习者的个性学习监控,界定学习者的情感态度、认知状态和学习偏好,在情感检测结果基础上利用自动生成课程工具实现对学习者的个性化学习资源服务,以改善远程学习中的人机交互现状并提高整体学习效果。     

Interactive and non-interactive pictures in multimedia learning environments: Effects on learning outcomes and learning efficiency

New technologies enable flexible combinations of text and interactive or non-interactive pictures. The aim of the present study was to investigate (a) whether adding pictures to texts is generally beneficial for learning or whether it can also have detrimental effects, (b) how interactivity of pictures affects learning, (c) whether the visualization format of pictures affects the structure of the learner's mental model, and (d) whether the visualization format modifies the effects of interactivity. One hundred university students were randomly assigned to five groups. In four groups, a text about the different daytimes and days on the earth was combined with interactive or non-interactive pictures of different visualization formats. In the fifth group, the text was presented without pictures. According to the results, adding pictures to text was neither beneficial nor harmful for learning. In terms of learning efficiency, however, learning from text only was more successful than learning from text and pictures. Interactivity was beneficial for one learning task, but not for the other task. The visualization format affected participants’ interaction with pictures, but not the learning outcomes; however this effect was not influenced by interactivity. Implications for multimedia design and for further research are pointed out.     

Effects of multimedia annotations on incidental vocabulary learning and reading comprehension of advanced learners of english as a foreign language

The study investigates immediate and delayed effects of different hypermedia glosses on incidental vocabulary learning and reading comprehension of advanced foreign language learners. Sixty-nine freshman TEFL students studying at a Turkish university were randomly assigned to three types of annotations: (a) definitions of words, (b) definitions coupled with associated pictures, and (c) definitions coupled with associated short videos. Subjects were asked to read an annotated text with the intention of comprehension. The data were collected through a vocabulary pre-test, a vocabulary post-test, a delayed vocabulary test as well as a reading comprehension test. In order to measure incidental vocabulary learning, subjects were not told that they were going to be given vocabulary tests. Results showed that the groups that had access to definitions along with both types of visuals had significantly higher vocabulary scores on both immediate and delayed post-tests than the definition only group. However, no differences were observed on the reading comprehension test. Finally, the qualitative data revealed that hypermedia reading had positive impact on participants’ attitudes towards foreign language reading and vocabulary learning.

基于DirectX的多媒体播放器

利用DirectX9.0c提供的DirectX、AdioVideoPlayback等应用程序接口,用c#语言设计一个多媒体播放软件,实现基本的对音频、视频文件的播放控制,开发平台采用微软Visual Studio 2005。     

基于认知负荷理论的多媒体课件界面色彩配比研究

多媒体课件界面是学习者和多媒体课件的交互通道,其界面色彩的配比在界面设计中占有重要的地位,直接影响到学习者获取信息的效率。不良的界面色彩配比会增加学习者学习过程的认知负荷,妨碍课件学习的有效性。运用认知负荷理论,探索多媒体课件界面色彩配比的原则及方法,可以使多媒体课件界面色彩配比更加合理,更符合学习者的认知规律。     

Situational interest and academic achievement in the active-learning classroom

The aim of the present study was to investigate how situational interest develops over time and how it is related to academic achievement in an active-learning classroom. Five measures of situational interest were administered at critical points in time to 69 polytechnic students during a one-day, problem-based learning session. Results revealed that situational interest significantly increased after the problem stimulus was presented. Subsequently, situational interest gradually decreased but at the end of the day increased again. Testing a path model relating the situational interest measures showed strong (directional) interrelations. Moreover, situational interest was highly predictive for observed achievement-related classroom behaviors. The latter, in turn, proved to be a significant predictor of academic achievement. Aggregating situational interest over the day led to less accurate predictions of achievement-related classroom behaviors and academic achievement. Implications of these findings for situational interest research are discussed.     

浅谈数字图形图像存储格式

提到多媒体技术和网络通信技术在远程教育中的应用,就必然涉及到多媒体技术应用中的一个重要环节——数字图形图像的存储。在众多的存储格式中,以哪种格式存储较为适宜呢?作对此进行了初步的探索和尝试。     

Effects of instructional objectives on learning and retention

A synthesis is presented of the various rationales which predict the facilitative influence of instructional objectives on learning and retention. Facets which are particularly relevant to the analysis of instructional objectives in learning situations include the dimensional character of attending behavior, the optimal degree of specificity to be incorporated in specifying instructional outcomes, effects of the placement or position of objectives during instruction, and a discussion of investigations concerned with an incidental or unspecified learning criterion. The conclusion is that, on each of these issues, various instructional conditions determine the efficacy of utilizing objectives to promote learning and retention.     

英语课堂教学中的“创建情景，培养兴趣”

在英语教学中，培养学习兴趣起着重要的作用。文章通过探讨运用多媒体“创建情景，培养兴趣”，阐述了一种新的教法。     

道德学习:德育研究与实践领域的时代命题

德育实效性不高的重要原因之一是道德学习研究的缺失。道德学习是个体对道德的接受 ,即个体把外在于主体的道德要求转化为主体内在需要的过程。道德学习成为时代命题的原因是道德对社会稳定、经济发展的基础和保障作用 ,现代教育是对学生主体地位的认定和对以往“德育眼中无学生”的超越。构建以道德学习为核心的德育体系要处理好政治教育与道德教育、道德教育与道德学习、道德学习和社会性成长之间的关系。     

论体育教学对学生学习兴趣的激发

兴趣是一种心理倾向,也是一种心理现象。教学实践证明,学生是否积极参加体育锻炼主要取决于学生的兴趣,教师能否有效地激发学生兴趣才是体育教学成败的关键。本文通过对影响学生体育兴趣的因素进行深入的分析,建议性的提出了体育教学中激发学生体育兴趣的措施。