Educational policy in Scotland: inclusion and the control society

This paper sets out to examine educational policy and practice in Scotland, showing how the ‘comprehensive and coherent programme to promote social inclusion’ – inculcating ‘readiness to learn’, ensuring that education equips the young for adult life, creating a demand for lifelong learning, above all through the presumption of mainstreaming – is indicative of and constitutive of a change in the way in which we are subject to governance in Scotland. This shift can be read as consistent with a move from a predominantly ‘disciplinary’ society as set out by Michel Foucault towards the ‘control society’ as elaborated by Gilles Deleuze – a society which does not operate through confinement but continuous control made possible by cybertechnology. Although it specifically draws on Scottish legislation and policy, it should be recognised that this is itself subject to emergent global education policy and so its relevance goes beyond these borders.     

Leading educational transformation in Asia: sustaining the knowledge society

This article explores the implications of the knowledge society for education and education systems. It focuses on how education systems in Asia are contributing to the development and sustainability of the knowledge society through creating powerful professional learning communities. The article explores how professional collaboration, at scale, is being used to generate social capital in order to promote educational transformation and improvement. The article draws upon a range of theoretical perspectives to examine how professional learning communities are contributing to educational improvement and the construction of new knowledge. The article concludes by arguing that disciplined, collective and inter-dependent learning is critical for the knowledge society to be sustained.     

论教育创新与教育改革

关于教育创新的研究是教育科学的一个重要研究领域。时代背景和教育自身规律决定了教育创新在教育改革和发展过程中有着重要的意义和价值。教育改革和教育创新这两个概念的逻辑关系是相互交叉、部分重叠的。在新形势下,我们应当以一种教育创新和教育改革良性互动的辩证思维来思考教育改革问题,推动教育改革在一些陷入僵局的问题上摆脱目前的困境。     

全面建设小康社会时期的中国教育政策

本文根据十六大提出的全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标,具体探讨了我国全面建设小康社会的教育目标和教育政策的主要内容,基于对北京市经济和教育发展状况与全国小康预期目标的比较,分析了我国教育改革和发展的重点和难点,提出了我国教育深化改革、健康发展的制度创新策略。     

教育产业与现代产业化社会

现代产业化社会是围绕着知识经济发展起来的,教育产业作为知识经济中的一个基础产业,具有十分重要的战略地位。教育产业的现代化,是现代产业化社会发展的前提和保证。为此,要增加投入,加快教育产业的发展;转变观念,把教育作为产业来管理和经营;面向现代化,实施教育创新;合理配置资源,使教育产业与经济发展保持平衡。     

Collaboration,knowledge and innovation toward a welfare society: the case of the Board of Social Farming in Valdera (Tuscany), Italy

Purpose: Through an analysis of a social farming (SF) case study, this article investigates how collaboration and knowledge co-creation between different actors can support the process of rural transition in order to stimulate innovation in the welfare system using agricultural resources.

Methodology: We used the ‘Antecedent-Process-Outcome Framework’ developed by Wood and Gray [1991. “Toward a Comprehensive Theory of Collaboration.” The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 27 (2): 139-162] and adapted by Thomson and Perry [2006. “Collaboration Processes: Inside the Black Box.” Public Administration Review 66 (s1): 20-32], to analyse the collaborative process within the Board of Social Farming (BSF) in Valdera, Italy. The BSF in Valdera is particularly important as it was the first transition arena developed in Italy for SF development.

Findings: The article highlights the difficulties and opportunities encountered by the BSF in the knowledge co-creation and collaboration, and identifies key elements to facilitate innovation in SF and more generally in transition processes.

Practical implications: The article aims to generalize crucial practical elements in the relationship between collaborative approaches and innovation in the field of innovative welfare society, which is increasingly key to rural transition.

Theoretical implications: Innovation in SF is complex due to the need to identify new knowledge, diverse kinds of organizations and innovative interactions among many private and public stakeholders. The article explores the concept of collaboration in SF in order to re-define the production of public and private goods within local and rural communities.

Originality: The article aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of collaboration in order to reinforce rural transition pathways.     

公共教育空间：英日两国教育政策比较研究

在20世纪40年代中期、80年代、90年代以后的三个不同历史时期，英国和日本采取一系列教育政策改造传统的公共教育体制，不断扩展公共教育的空间。现在，在全球化背景下，公共的教育空间不是变得规则、协调了．而是在各自的地理环境中变得不规则了。对英国和日本的教育政策进行比较研究，有助于我们深刻地认识英日两国菊在于公共教育空间背后不同的教育特质和教育机制。     

民族国家教育知识和比较教育研究——比较教育学科体系再思考

本文从比较教育研究的本体论、认识论、方法论和价值论四个方面对比较教育学科体系进行了再思考,认为比较教育是民族国家教育的比较研究.     

和谐社会与教育发展

教育是构建社会主义和谐社会的基石,发展教育是落实以人为本,促进人的全面发展,为和谐社会培养高素质公民的基本途径,是实现科学发展、转变经济增长方式、为和谐社会提供智力和人才支撑的必然选择,是建设社会主义核心价值体系、巩固社会和谐的思想道德基础的迫切要求,是改善民生、缩小社会差别、保障社会公平正义的客观需要。为促进和谐社会建设,应树立和采取相应的教育理念和政策取向:坚持教育优先发展,教育协调发展,培养全面发展的人,促进教育公平,以改革促发展,推行全民教育和终身教育,建设和谐校园。     

高等教育的发展与政策创新

高等教育的发展与教育政策的创新有着深刻的联系。 2 0世纪 70年代末以来 ,我国高等教育的发展紧紧依托政策创新而不断向前推进。其中 ,恢复高考、体制改革和启动大众化的步伐是高等教育政策创新的突出表现。新世纪初叶我国高等教育在朝着实现大众化的方向前进 ,这种发展对于教育政策的创新有着更深切的需求。为此 ,必须进一步加强对高等教育的政策研究 ,进一步加强高等教育的政策法规建设     

知识经济与加快转变教育思想

知识经济是一种全新的经济形态,它的核心是知识,基础是教育,然而现实中我国的传统教育与知识经济的要求还有相当的距离,教育思想的转变是从传统教育改革为现代教育的先导,加快转变教育思想,首先要重新认识教育,切实把教育放在优先发展的战略地位上;其次要明确教育目标,重点培养以创新能力为主的各种能力;第三要转变传统教育模式,从应试教育走向素质教育;第四要转变教育方法,实现方法的多样化和手段的现代化。     

教育理念的形成与创新:知识论视角

教育理念是指人们对于教育现象(活动)的理性认识、理想追求及其所形成的观念体系,它表现为显性的(明晰的)和隐性的(模糊的)两种知识形态。这两种知识形态是可以相互作用和相互转换的。学校教育理念的形成过程就是显性知识和隐性知识不断转换和创新的能动过程,这一创新过程具体表现为社会化、外在化、组合化和内在化等四种模式     

知识化与教育体制改革创新

本文运用系统论方法,从过去、现在和未来的历史联系中对教育的“三个面向”、知识经济时代的教育体制改革创新的若干问题进行系统研究。一是定位教育体制改革与创新的战略重点,从适应工业化过渡到适应知识化;二是指出教育体制改革与创新的发展趋向;三是提出教育改革与创新的关键问题。     

教育研究中的两大范式比较：“日尔曼式教育学”与“盎格鲁式教育科学”

在教育学的发展过程中,出现了三次大的分解。教育学面临一种新的发展路口。尽管目前“教育科学”的发展风头已盖过“教育学”,但是,是否就意味着教育学已经走向终结?实际上,教育学与教育科学的发展表明,这是两种不同的研究范式:“日尔曼式的教育学”和“盎格鲁式的教育科学”,各自都有其发展的历史背景和文化传统,各自研究的侧重点和方法也不尽相同。与传统的教育学不同,教育科学是试图要形成对教育问题的另一种看法和另一种解释。两大范式异同的比较,揭示不同国家教育学科发展的历史文化差异,有助于我们更好地理解教育学与教育科学之争。     

Educational Reform and Research in Hong Kong: A Request for Comprehensive Knowledge

When Hong Kong is moving towards a knowledge society in the new millennium, research is clearly necessary to provide a knowledge base for educational development and reform to meet the challenges of globalization and high technology in the world. This report aims to review the education policy environment in Hong Kong and see whether research can be encouraged to support policy development and practice improvement. Particularly, the report will give a brief introduction to the recent initiatives in Hong Kong school education since the establishment of the Special Administrative Region in 1997 and discusses the potential research agenda to support the ongoing education reforms at the school system. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Asia Pacific science education in a knowledge society

Science education, since the end of the nineteenth century has been a formal vehicle to ensure the perpetuation of scientific knowledge necessary for general scientific literacy and the creation of a society of scientists. However, since then, beliefs about knowledge and knowing have changed from science being described as being just a pile of chronologically documented facts, through the dynamic growth of scientific knowledge as explained by Kuhn in his Structure of Scientific Revolutions, to the present twenty-first century concept of knowledge societies by which new scientific knowledge is being interpreted. Science education perspectives in relation to teacher education and pedagogies need to be frequently revisited. Indeed, many nations in the Asia-Pacific region are doing just that. How then is the teaching and learning of scientific knowledge in the region? This article will review and compare research related to science achievement, quality of science education and approaches to teaching science in the Asia-Pacific region in particular five nations, in an attempt to answer this question.     

The knowledge society and the internationalization of Japanese higher education

The internationalization of higher education is considered to be a major policy agenda in the global knowledge society. For Japan, internationalization has been a key driver in academic and social advancement, while its traditional culture and national identity have also been retained. Recently, a series of policies have been presented by the government, university, and industry to attract more students and top calibre researchers from Asia and further afield, and to enhance exchange and collaboration, internationalization at home, and global human resource development. Concurrently, the controversial nature of internationalization has been pointed out, as well as the stagnant mobility of Japanese students and their inward-looking attitude. This paper discusses the internationalization of Japanese higher education by examining the relevant policy, practice, and perceptions of the people and institutions concerned. The major findings reveal the complexity of internationalization as a dynamic process of change, its vulnerability and marginality, and the extent of the gap between policy and practice. The author also addresses the increased relevance of the research in this field to policy-making and practice in education and its contribution to the production of new knowledge.     

中俄两国现代教育政策的比较研究

教育政策比较研究作为学术界和行政部门共同关注的主题,已引起社会的极大共鸣.本文以中俄《国家教育事业发展第十二个五年规划》和《2011-2015年联邦教育发展目标纲要》为研究对象,从政策环境、政策内容、政策评估等视角探析两国在教育政策上的差异,以期从战略角度,为国家教育事业的改革与发展提供参考.     

课堂知识传递不均衡问题管窥

在课堂教学过程中,由于教师对个体差异的区分不当、对学生存在期望差异、以及课堂空间形态的影响,导致教师对课堂知识传递不均衡,从而使学生知识获得机会不公平。为优化课堂教学知识的传递,教师应正确把握差异发展教学、注意提问的艺术、合理布置课堂空间形态、公平地对待每一个学生。     

Different paths,one goal: Southeast Asia as knowledge society

The article charts the extent to which selected societies of Southeast Asia can be seen as knowledge societies. Beginning from the premise that the global world of knowledge is changing from the former bipolar model of the West and the Rest, towards a more multi-polar world in which Asia figures more prominently, the analysis proceeds to use China, the most prominent example of this shift to the East, as a benchmark for Southeast Asia. Charting China's rising knowledge profile is followed by a consideration of the notion of a knowledge society, including the work of Nico Stehr and Manuel Castells, and its transformation into the contemporary, and more instrumental, knowledge economy. The five Southeast Asian states of Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam are selected for analysis, revealing both a common intent of moving towards a knowledge society (often now more commonly expressed as a knowledge economy), but rather different outcomes, and knowledge profiles. National innovation indices are compared; as are research and development (R&D) measures, including by sector, production of papers and citations, and moves to develop “World Class” universities, against a backdrop of brain drain effects, and the differential impact of corruption.