Rhetorical theory as message reception: A cognitive response approach to rhetorical theory and criticism

Traditional rhetorical theory tends to adopt the rhetor's point of view, emphasizing invention of rhetorical messages, rather than the audience's reception and interpretation of messages. The audience is ordinarily conceptualized in humanistic rhetorical theory as a target, a source of expectations to guide the rhetor's invention, a means to accomplish the rhetor's ends, or even an obstacle. We argue that a more complete view of rhetoric should include the audience as a potentially active part of the process of persuasion. Accordingly, we propose to supplement our traditional theories of rhetoric by sketching a complementary view of rhetoric as the process of an auditor's processing and responding to messages. The inspiration for this conception, Petty and Cacioppo's Elaboration Likelihood Model, is sketched, and implications for rhetorical theory and criticism are discussed.     

异化理论与媒介批判

本文从马克思的“异化理论”与卢卡奇的“物化理论”出发 ,对媒介批判的内容与目的进行了反思 ,提出媒介批判的内容应涉及“媒介产品的异化”、“媒介活动本身的异化”、“媒介组织与媒介从业者的异化”、“媒介组织与其他参照物之间的异化”等诸多层面 ,媒介批判的目的就是从当今社会媒介的异化现象出发 ,找寻媒介“扬弃异化”的方法与途径 ,在批判与超越中使人们逐渐摆脱被自己创造物“奴役”的状况 ,从而实现社会个体与社会整体的自由发展与全面进步。     

巴赫金的话语理论及其对批判学派的贡献

在批判学派的学术资源中 ,话语理论 (TheoriesofDiscourse)向为欧洲传播学界所倚重 ,而在话语理论的形成过程中 ,前苏联学者巴赫金又是首屈一指的先驱。他的交往与对话学说、“超语言学”理论以及意识形态话语观等一整套话语理论 ,为人们批判性地解剖各种传播活动的深层机制、社会情态、历史渊源等 ,无不提供了朴实而新颖的视角 ,留下了自然而深长的启迪 ,并事实上开启了当今福柯“话语 /权力”的著名思路。     

Putting the U in carbon capture and storage: rhetorical boundary negotiation within the CCS/CCUS scientific community

This paper examines responses to a framing shift from carbon capture and storage (CCS) to carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) within science and engineering professionals’ communication. We argue that the framing shift is a breach in the rhetorical boundaries of the CCS professional community that calls forth negotiation through responses that proactively support, resist, or acquiesce. This study offers a heuristic for examining scientific framing in expert-to-expert internal scientific rhetoric. It also contributes to contemporary research on the intersection of rhetoric of science and science, technology, and society; the social dimensions of CCS; energy communication; and applied communicative practices in scientific communities.     

The call of conscience,rhetorical interruptions,and the euthanasia controversy

Emmanuel Levinas writes of how the “call of conscience”; is a “primordial discourse”; that “interrupts”; the routines and language‐games that help organize and give meaning to a person's everyday existence. Levinas thus provides a way of thinking about the relationship between the call of conscience and rhetoric that advances what rhetorical theorists have so far claimed about this relationship. This essay develops the position that the call of conscience is a rhetorical interruption in its purest form. A case study is offered to illustrate how such an interruption manifests itself in the debate over the justifiability and social acceptability of physician‐assisted suicide. The specific rhetorical transaction in question occurred in cyberspace and lasted five months; it began when members of a disability civil rights group known as “Not Dead Yet!”; conducted what their opponents described as an “invasion”; of an electronic mailing list operated by the Euthanasia Research and Guidance Organization.     

Proving the proverbial gadfly: situating the historical and racial context of Southern medical works by Mary Louise Marshall

Health sciences librarianship has historically benefited from avoiding critical conversations around the role of race in the profession, reflected through a select few number of articles on the topic. The purpose of this study was to add to this body of literature and apply a critical librarianship framework on the early scholarly record of health sciences librarianship and the legacy of integration within the Medical Library Association (MLA). Three Southern medical works and the integration views of Mary Louise Marshall, the longest-serving president of MLA from 1941 to 1946, were thematically and textually analyzed to redress the profession''s long-standing legacy with Whiteness and Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) representation. In reframing the historic past of MLA both through Marshall''s works and her views, the goal is to acknowledge ways in which the profession has impeded progress and present steps to remedy appropriate outreach for the future.     

第四代科学中心和科技博物馆:向参与性、变革和跨学科演变

本文分析了全球科学中心和科技博物馆漫长且充满挑战性的演变过程。第一代科技博物馆以收藏“历史珍宝”、科学仪器、原创机械制品和技术设备为主;第二代科学中心和科技博物馆同时注重被动接受及互动性;第三代科学中心和科技博物馆变得更加充满活力,侧重于以参观者为中心,倡导互动体验。正在逐渐发展起来的第四代科学中心和科技博物馆则注重参与性、变革、跨学科、虚实结合,融科技、生态、人文及艺术为一体,推崇在一个有主动意识、注重参与、博学多识并具有科学素养的社区中围绕展品进行创造性的探究、实验、创新、讨论、学习以及举办活动。     

迈向智能化图书馆——无线射频识别技术在图书馆的应用和创新

无线射频识别技术应用于图书馆,成为馆藏文献管理智能化的手段。深圳图书馆“RFID文献智能管理系统”集精确典藏、灵活排架、文献定位导航、自动寻址归架、科学整架上架和典藏防盗等功能为一体,提高了工作效率,方便了读者。图2。     

Surviving organizational tolerance of sexual harassment: an exploration of resilience,vulnerability, and harassment fatigue

ABSTRACT

Although reports of workplace sexual harassment share various similarities, victims uniquely react and assign meaning to these events. Using Weick’s sensemaking theory coupled with Lazarus and Folkman’s model of coping, this study examines the role of organizational tolerance toward sexual harassment and its influence on victim resilience, coping, harassment fatigue, and perceived vulnerability to future sexual harassment. Survey results from 187 victims of workplace sexual harassment indicate that organizational tolerance of sexual harassment is a significant predictor of victim vulnerability, resilience, and harassment fatigue. Specifically, organizations that are more tolerant of sexual harassment are associated with higher victim vulnerability to future harassment and harassment fatigue, as well as lower resilience. Additionally, victims who responded to harassment using problem-focused coping were significantly more resilient, while formally reporting sexual harassment was associated with lower victim resilience. Overall, results illustrate the complexity of addressing sexual harassment from both an organizational and individual perspective.     

Towards the development of an archival core curriculum: The United States and Canada

This study of graduate level archival education identifies core curricula and evaluates these programs in schools of library and information science as well as in history departments. It focuses on the idea of specialized knowledge and systematic theory where the knowledge and theories that educators have selected as an initial means of introducing new archivists to the profession has a significant bearing on what an educator considers ’x201C;core.’x201D; It presents data on programs, curricula, courses, and syllabi and by way of example, focuses on an in-depth analysis of introductory archives courses.     

管窥四库群臣的版本校勘学思想——以《四库全书总目》词籍提要为例

《四库全书总目》中著录了大量的词籍提要,它在选择和著录自《花间集》起至清初的一百多种词集的过程中,鲜明体现了编修者以宋词为美的词学批评思想,但也从另一个侧面间接表现了编撰者成熟的版本校勘学思想,并在一定程度上体现了乾嘉时期的版本校勘学水平和特点。     

A best-fit solution: transforming an NHS Library and Knowledge Service in readiness for a new hospital building without a traditional library space

Background:Over a decade ago, the Hill report argued that a shift in vision was required to change the perception of National Health Service (NHS) Library and Knowledge Services (LKS) in England from “book repositories” to essential services that underpin clinical decision-making by patients, carers, and health care professionals. Health Education England''s Knowledge for Healthcare: A Development Framework for Library and Knowledge Services in England 2015–2020 advocates embedding librarians within clinical and management teams in order to provide access to high-quality evidence at the point of need.Case Presentation:In April 2019, Royal Papworth Hospital relocated twelve miles from its historic village location in Papworth Everard to its new state-of-the-art hospital on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus. The design for this new hospital did not accommodate a traditional library space and therefore necessitated a transformation of the LKS. The organization opted to embed the LKS staff into the clinical setting and relegate 80% of the print collection to off-site storage. This project and its associated steps are presented as an example of health care library transformation.Conclusion:Embedding the LKS team in the clinical setting, engaging in proactive outreach activity, and improving our marketing led to a 44% increase in literature searches requested compared to the same eleven-month period in the previous year. A 40% decrease in our print book loans indicates additional barriers to using a click-and-collect service and the need for greater investment in our e-book provision. However, early outcomes for our best-fit service transformation are positive. Having an open, dual mindset has enabled the service to embrace change and maximize emerging opportunities to collaborate with clinical staff on new projects.     

基于供需融合理念打造学术期刊转型升级的全媒体经营业态

经营业态总体上反映一个产业的经营结构、供需关系、运营方式和发展战略,其合理性、科学性决定着产业市场运行模式的成败。近20年来我国学术期刊已逐步形成以纸质版、网络与电子版多元发布的全媒体出版产品结构,但这同一内容的2种版本却一直分别由不同的供应链各自定价发行,人为地将一个市场裂解为2个市场,造成了价格脱离价值、市场相互抵消、边际成本上涨、营销模式混乱的状态,严重削弱了期刊的市场主体地位,扭曲了产业生态,牵制了期刊和图书馆等信息服务机构的数字化转型升级与高质量发展。为根本上破解这一制约产业发展的全局性难题,应构建供需合作共赢的“刊-网-馆”融合运营模式,大幅度降低产业运行消耗,打造学术期刊数字版云出版、传播和服务与纸质版集约化生产发行和馆配相结合的全媒体经营业态。     

Towards an integrated model of strategic environmental communication: advancing theories of reactance and planned behavior in a water conservation context

This study demonstrates how communication research can be strategically applied to address environmental problems in modern societies. To accomplish this goal, this research advances an integrated communication model based on psychological reactance theory and the theory of planned behavior to explain negative attitude change that can occur when people are exposed to water conservation campaigns [Liang, Y. J., Henderson, L.K., & Kee, K. F. (2017). Running out of water! Developing a message typology and evaluating message effects on attitude toward water conservation. Environmental Communication. doi:10.1080/17524032.2017.1288648]. The data fit the hypothesized model, synthesizing message-, social-, and individual-based processes to predict their effects on behavioral intention towards water conservation. Interestingly, data show that (1) combinations of message strategies affect reactance differently, and (2) subjective norm and perceived behavioral control negatively correlated with threat to freedom. These results point to the practical implication that environmental communication to promote voluntary water conservation are effective when campaign messages are designed to reduce threat to freedom, induce social norms, and increase self-efficacy. We call the documented research process strategic environmental communication, which focuses on the joint application of evidence and theory towards addressing environmentally motivated problems.     

地方高校期刊助力学科建设的探索与实践——以重庆理工大学期刊社为例

近年来越来越多的高校期刊意识到,作为"双一流"建设中科研成果发布的载体和重要交流平台,期刊对学科建设起着不容忽视的重要作用,希望抓住"双一流"建设为高校期刊带来的发展机遇和挑战,改变自身地处学校"边缘"的地位.重庆理工大学期刊社通过建立期刊小集群、依托优势学科开设重点栏目、以刊为媒宣传学校、将期刊的专家资源发挥到极致、...