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1.
This paper seeks to elucidate a specific type of charter school. While much has been written about school choice and the expanding charter school segment, a growing and important number of charter schools do not fit in to the common understanding of these schools. Distinct from many of their counterparts, prestige charter schools have the following two features: elements which foster a reputation similar to that of elite private schools and a student population demographically distinct from local public district schools – whereby the prestige charters serve a disproportionate number of advantaged families. The prestige elements include: founding by advantaged community members; parental involvement; wait lists; popularity with advantaged professionals; high test scores; and niche themes. The authors will show through two in-depth case studies that prestige charter schools work hand-in-hand with gentrification in urban neighborhoods, and result in racial and class segregation and inequality. This paper examines how these charter schools struggle when a rise in prestige coincides with a decline in access for low-income students. The authors recommend that given the current system of school choice, prestige charter schools must use tools and mechanisms to maintain demographic diversity and educational equity which is in the best interest of all children. 相似文献
2.
美国的特许学校是一种公办学校,由政府投资,不受传统的公立学校的很多规章制度的制约。以自由与责任兼顾的绩效责任制、灵活多样的课程设置、小班化的教学、自主性的教师聘用为特色。特许学校取得了很大的成效,促进了美国基础教育的公平。我们可以从我国的国情出发,借鉴美国特许学校的宝贵经验,来有效地改革我国的基础教育。 相似文献
3.
近二十年来,择校在美国规模不断扩大,形式日趋多样。除学券计划外,各种税收抵免和教育储蓄账户应运而生,一部分公立学校也打开校门,实施"开放入学"政策。每种择校形式内,又有不同的变式。不过,由于家长和学生的择校标准不同于决策者的假设,各校也想办法选择成绩较优或家庭背景较好的学生,所以择校在某种程度上没有实现预期的效果。它很少服务于最贫困、最需要帮助的学生,在推动公立学校改革方面作用有限。 相似文献
4.
美国公立学校教育在管理主客体、管理制度设计以及利益关系三个方面尚存在诸多问题。在解释与分析这些问题的基础上,我们更应该客观公正评价其教育改革进程,并进一步研究和借鉴美国以市场为基础的变革补救措施。 相似文献
5.
美国扶助薄弱中小学的主要措施 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
美国联邦政府近年来颁布了一系列要求提高中小学办学质量和学生成绩的法案,各州都据此制定了本州的各种改革措施,其中在对薄弱学校的扶助方面,各州都建立了比较完善的机制.本文以其中的四个有代表性的州为例,简要介绍和分析其具体做法. 相似文献
6.
美国的校车服务已有百年历史,迄今不仅成为美国政府服务教育的领域,而且其完善的校车服务管理体系已为公众普遍认可。学区自备校车并提供服务是地方政府为学生提供校车服务的主要方式,美国州政府和地方学区共同构建完善的校车服务管理体系,其中包括组建服务团队、聘任校车司机、购买并维护校车、规划路线和进行安全教育等多个方面。我国政府在提供校车服务方面,不仅要完善校车运行与管理相关法规,建立财政专项资金,更应该建立起完善的校车服务管理体系,将校车服务纳入公共服务体系,以构建学生安全乘车上学的保障机制。 相似文献
7.
Jack A. Holmes 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(4):329-350
ABSTRACT. Two groups of middle school students were taught U.S. colonial history during a 5-week period using 2 different instructional strategies. In the experimental group, concepts and problem-solving strategies were explicitly taught; in the control group, content was presented using lectures and reading. All students took a pretest and several posttests. Declarative knowledge tasks measured factual content knowledge and domain vocabulary acquisition; procedural knowledge was measured with problem-solving essays. Whereas performance was not statistically different between the 2 groups on the fact tests, significant differences were found on the vocabulary tests and problem-solving essays. These findings support using direct instruction for relational thinking and problem solving with explicit reference to concepts and attributes. 相似文献
8.
AbstractThe population of English language learners (ELLs) and the number of charter school students have both increased rapidly over the past two decades, but no existing research has examined the role that charter school authorizers play to ensure that ELLs have equitable access to charter schools and that those schools implement research-based programs for ELLs. To fill this gap, our exploratory qualitative study employed a multiple-case case study approach to examine how 10 diverse authorizers considered ELLs in their authorizing practices. Guided by Honig’s (2006) three Ps framework (people, places, and practices), we examined how authorizing practices were shaped by external factors, the agency of the actors within the authorizing office, and by the local context in which the authorizer was situated. Overall we found that ELL-related authorizing practices varied widely across the sample, as some authorizers integrated ELLs into their practices, while others paid little explicit attention to ELLs. In terms of place, contextual factors at the state, district, and authorizer levels contributed to the variation. Within the people component of the framework, the commitment of authorizing staff members to improve access and quality for ELLs in charter schools was an important factor, as was the authorizer’s access to ELL-related expertise. We conclude by outlining implications for research, practice, and policy. 相似文献
9.
美国教师教育的新模式及其对我国的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
美国专业发展学校（PDS）是一种新的教师培养模式,是通过强化中小学和大学的合作伙伴关系,共同培养教师、开展合作研究而建立起来的,其在促进教师专业发展方面取得了可喜成果,对我国教师教育有重要的启示。结合我国教师教育改革与发展的趋势特点,我们应该在实践与理论上借鉴PDS的经验,这既符合国际教师教育改革的趋势,也是我国教师教育发展的大方向。 相似文献
10.
从美国师范教育机构的演变审视其师范教育发展的历史,介绍美国近代三次大的师范教育改革,反思我国师范教育的弊端,为个后师范教育改革提供一些启示。 相似文献