论建立求能欲概念和创新欲概念的必要性

对才能、智慧和新事物的需要和渴求是客观存在的。求能欲（益智兴趣）和创新欲（创造兴趣）在心理系统中已有准确的定位。求知欲、求能欲、创新欲之间是层次递进的相交关系。创新是时代的课题,创新能力可以培养也有必要培养。创造教育方兴未艾,培养创新欲的工作应贯穿教育的全过程。“求知欲”这个词不能直观、准确地反映求能欲和创新欲的客观现实,仅利用求知欲概念不便于指导和促进“激发求能欲和创新欲的工作”。故建立求能欲概念和创新欲概念很有必要。     

论创新教育中求能欲和创新欲的培养

本文论述了求能欲和创新欲的客现存在,是求知欲概念的深化和发展的产物。培养求能欲和创新欲是开展创新教育的基础工作。     

Accountability and Student Learning

Holding teachers accountable for other people's (students) behavior is inappropriate policy that results in ineffective teaching, diminished enthusiasm for learning, and lower levels of achievement. There are both legal and psychological reasons for this. Making teachers responsible for students' behavior absolves students of responsibility for their own actions and develops an externalized locus of control in students that leads to teacher control and student dependence. Because every person is accountable for his or her own behavior but not for what other people do, teachers must be held accountable for what they do as teachers but not for what their students do as learners. Students are responsible for their own learning.     

苏霍姆林斯基的创造教育思想

苏霍姆林斯基认为，学校进行创造教育的主要任务是培养多方面的天赋和才能，培养学生的创造品质。创造教育的基本内容有：创造意识教育、创造毅力教育、创造力培养、教会学生学习和世界观教育。上思维课、进行创造性劳动的、提供丰富多彩的精神生活以及发现和培养创造性教师，这是实施创造教育的主要途径和方法。     

茬口对不同专用小麦品种产量及个体和群体生长动态的影响

在山西临汾建立了大豆、油葵、玉米和休闲4个茬口。对不同茬口下的8个不同专用小麦品种的产量及个体和群体发育的影响进行了研究。结果表明：产量性状适宜大豆茬口的品种1个，玉米茬口2个，油葵茬口3个，休闲茬口2个。8个品种在各茬口的平均产量以玉米茬最高5985．0kg／hm^2，大豆茬最低5602．5kg／hm^2。个体生长冬前表现较好的为油葵茬，拔节期表现较好的为玉米茬。不同茬口对同一品种的群体消长动态影响不同，不同品种间的群体消长动态存在差异。     

增强思想政治教育艺术性的六维视角

思想政治教育是真善美对立统一的过程。思想政治教育需要增强思想政治教育的艺术性,从而不断推进思想政治教育的创新,更加充分地发挥其功能。为此,需要着眼全局,抓住关键要素,营造和谐的氛围,增强思想政治教育的融合性;架起心灵的桥梁,增强思想政治教育的互动性;引发理性的思考,增强思想政治教育的说服性;召唤情感的力量,增强思想政治教育的渗透性;发挥人格的魅力,增强思想政治教育的引导性;加强文化建设,增强思想政治教育的实效性。     

关中影戏的演出形态

关中影戏中的碗碗腔、老腔、弦板腔等已被列入“第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录”,根据田野调查结果,关中影戏的演出种类有庙会戏、还愿戏、驱邪戏、平安戏、山神戏、祈雨戏、丧戏、寿戏、满月戏,等;演出程序有奠酒、本戏、捎戏,等。     

论会计诚信促进机制

会计诚信是我国市场经济健康运行的基本保障，是会计行业发展的奠基石，是会计从业人员的安身立命之本。建立和完善会计诚信教育机制、会计诚信法律机制、会计诚信激励制约机制、会计诚信的评价机制和会计诚信的内控机制等在内的会计诚信促进机制，是当前我国会计诚信建设的有效手段。     

司马迁为谁写《史记》

司马迁写《史记》不是适应西汉统治者"一统天下"的需要而为其做哲学和历史的解释。中国古代帝王"一统天下"后,没有必要也没有用著通史的形式做哲学和历史的解释;汉武帝也没有就"一统天下"提出解释的要求;司马迁父子写《史记》并不为"一统天下"做解释,其动因一是为天地良心所迫,为后世留传史料,二是为展示个人才华,立身扬名,为先祖争光。     

学前班活动语言教育的存在及规律

学前班活动发展课程应该高度重视语言教育的基础作用和内在规律性,这不仅仅是《学前班语言活动课程》的内容,而应该贯穿到《学前班数学活动课程》《学前班艺术活动课程》《学前班社会活动课程》《学前班科学活动课程》《学前班健康活动课程》中去,成为学前“活动”学习的核心内容之一,儿童多元智能发展的核心问题是语言教育。     

COUNSELLING AND TOLERANCE

The author of this essay is the Minister for Education and Human Resources of Malta. It serves as a welcoming speech for the participants in the conference. The significance of 1995 as the International Year for Tolerance is outlined. The need for tolerance in all societies is explained as is the need for education for tolerance in schools.     

Education–occupation mismatch: Is there an income penalty?

This paper adds to the sparse literature on the consequences of education–occupation mismatches. It examines the income penalty for field of education–occupation mismatches for men and women with higher education degrees in Sweden and reveals that the penalty for such mismatches is large for both men and women. For mismatched men the income penalty is about twice as large as that found for US men, whereas for women the penalty is of about the same size as for US women. Controlling for cognitive ability further establishes that the income penalty is not caused by a sorting by ability, at least for Swedish men. The income penalty for men decreases with work experience, which is an indication that education-specific skills and work experience are substitutes to some extent.     

缔约过失责任浅议

缔约过失责任自罗马法伊始即成为立法及学说上讨论的主要问题，不同国家、地区对于其涉及的主要内容有着不同的立法规定，但是一般均从两个方面入手，一是责任类型，二是法律效果。为能更好的把握缔约过失责任，有必要关注其与违约责任、侵权责任的关系，因为其与违约责任均属契约上责任，而侵权行为说曾一度被认为是缔约过失责任的法律基础。     

论自然人都有民事责任能力

传统观点认为只有部分自然人有民事责任能力,和民事权利能力相冲突。自然人有无民事责任能力是考虑自然人有无行为能力的前提,有无行为能力是考虑自然人在过错责任原则下是否需要承担责任的前提。无责任能力的自然人基于衡平事由承担结果责任说明无责任能力的自然人是有民事责任能力的。传统观点中所界定的“民事责任能力”其实是自然人以自己的财产承担自己责任的条件,在自然人有民事责任能力的前提下才讨论传统观点中所界定的“民事责任能力”,是比民事责任能力低一个层次的问题。     

An investigation of the Iowa tests of basic skills for sex bias: A developmental look

Results of the Vocabulary, Reading Comprehension, and Mathematics Concepts subtests for third-, sixth-, and eighth-grade students who took Form 5 of the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills in the 1976 school year were analyzed for sex bias. Statistical significance was found for each subtest for all of the grade levels. Follow-up analyses considered skill classification, sex-stereotypicalness, and item location of the items contributing to the statistical significance. No trends for these factors were found within each grade level for the four subtests considered. For all subtests, fewer items are identified at the third-grade level than for sixth or eighth grade, and these items, in general, favored boys. For the older students, when items are found to function differently for boys and girls, nearly half favor each sex. On the whole, little evidence for sex bias was found for the four subtests and three grade levels examined.     

口语交际教学的历史回顾

口语交际是现代社会重要的信息交流渠道，口语交际教学是语文教学的重要组成部分。本文对口语交际教学的历史进行了梳理，展现了口语交际教学逐步繁荣的发展过程，为口语交际教学继承传统、不断创新提供借鉴。     

大连全域城市化背景下的大学生创业教育研究

全域城市化是大连"十二五"期间城市发展的重要战略,这一战略的实施为大连高校大学生创业教育的进一步开展提供了有利的契机。在认真分析全域城市化对人才需求特点的同时,积极探索了开展大学生创业教育的有效措施:确立符合大连全域城市化建设的大学生创业教育目标;转变传统观念,树立高校创业教育新理念;构建高校大学生创业教育体系,着力加强创新创业型人才培养;加大师资培训力度,努力提高创业教育师资队伍素质;营造良好的创业教育环境,为大学生创业提供环境支持。     

关中东部帝王陵墓考证

陕西关中地区初步确定的帝王陵墓有六十五处,关中东部有十二处,时间跨度从远古帝喾时期至唐末,以唐陵为主,包括帝喾陵、北魏孝武帝元修云陵、西魏文帝元宝炬永陵、唐睿宗李旦桥陵、唐玄宗李隆基泰陵、唐代宗李豫元陵、唐顺宗李诵丰陵、唐宪宗李纯景陵、唐穆宗李恒光陵、唐文宗李昂章陵、唐懿宗李氵崔简陵等,多分布在富平县和蒲城县境内,为关中东部留下了非常丰富的历史文化遗产。     

陶行知民主教育思想及其现代价值

民主教育思想是陶行知的重要思想。他主张民主教育,教育要民有、民治、民享;教育为公以达到天下为公,全民教育以实现全民政治;并提出了一系列实施原则和方法。     

A Study of the Education Rate of Return for Rural Residents in Northwest Minority Areas

Abstract

Studying the rate of return for rural residents in minority areas can give a good explanation for the problems of children enrolling in school and dropping out. On the whole, the education rate of return for rural residents in northwest minority areas is low, the Mincer function estimate is 2%, and the Heckman model estimate is 2.49%. The rate of return for minorities is greater than that for the Han. Between the sexes, the rate of return for Han men is lower than that for Han women. For various minorities, the education rates of return for men are greater than for women. At different stages of education, the rate of return for minorities is generally greater than that for the Han. The rates of return for the Han rise along with elementary school, middle school, and high school level of education. For those with a middle school, rates of return are negative, and exhibit a “U” model structure.