浅析健美操教学过程中的几种关系

健美操练习的形式生动活泼,内容丰富多彩,健身性、娱乐性强,深受大学生的喜爱。在总结长期健美操教学实践经验和健美操教学改革成果的基础上,提出了健美操教学过程中的5种辨证关系,旨在探索健美操教学的规律,更好地指导健美操教学。     

体育技能迁移在健美操教学中的应用

随着健美操教学改革的不断深入和实施,在重视传统教学方法效率提高的基础上,加强对健美操教学的跨学科研究,成为提升健美操教学质量的重要途径。高中健美操教学作为健美操课堂学习和学生健美操能力提升的重要实现条件,在整个教学工作中处于非常重要的位置。本文在分析技能迁移与健美操教学促进关系的基础上,就如何更好的利用技能迁移来促进健美操教学目标的实现,进行了研究和分析。     

体育强国背景下高校健美操教学改革的探索与实践

本文采用文献资料法、访谈法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,以高校健美操教学为研究对象,分析目前在体育强国背景下高校健美操教学改革的现状及问题。研究认为高校健美操教学存在健美操课程改革实施方案缺乏落实、高校健美操课程器材设施不够完善、教师健美操教学能力水平有待提高和学生健美操学习积极性难以调动等问题,提出完善高校健美操课程建设的方案,丰富拓展教学资源、创新健美操教学内容实施方法,弥补教学手段匮乏、提升高校健美操教师教学水平,加强师资队伍建设,加大健美操教学方案实施力度,普及高校课程改革等实践策略。     

移动网络媒体在大学健美操教学中的应用探索

针对移动网络媒体在大学健美操教学中的应用分析,首先从移动网络媒体与健美操教学入手,然后阐述了移动网络媒体在大学健美操教学中应用的重要性。其次结合移动网络媒体在大学健美操教学中应用的重要性,阐述了移动网络媒体在大学健美操教学中的应用策略,最后对移动网络媒体在大学健美操教学中的应用策略,进行有效评价。     

健美操舞蹈化教学对大学生创新能力培养的研究

本文运用创新理论和观点渗透到健美操教学的研究中,根据创新能力的指标体系,有针对性地提出将舞蹈元素渗透到健美操教学中的路径设计,探索健美操舞蹈化教学对大学生的创新能力培养的功效,将使健美操教学与创新理论进一步结合,推动健美操创新教学的进行。     

“身、心、境”合一的健美操教育原理的探索

随着对健美操认识和理解的不断深入,传统的、单纯重视动作联系的健美操教学理念已经不能够适合时代发展的需要。本文通过剖析国内健美操教学中存在的问题,揭示＂身、心、境＂合一的健美操教育原理,探寻健美操教学的规律,并在此基础上重点提出＂身、心、境＂合一的健美操教学策略,以期为提高健美操练习者的综合素质、改革国内健美操教学实践提供参考。     

对培养体育院校健美操专修学生能力的研究

在调查总结健美操专修课教学的基础上,分析了影响健美操教学效果的因素,指出培养学生专项能力是现代健美操专项教学的重要内容。为此,提出了一些健美操教学改革的内容和方法,使健美操教学能够适应和满足社会对现代健美操专项人才的需求。     

高校健美操教学中美学渗透的思路初探

健美操是高校学生比较喜爱的一项运动,美学渗透是健美操教学的努力方向。文章首先探讨了高校健美操教学与美学渗透的关系,然后论述了高校健美操教学中美学渗透的路径,希望能对高校健美操教学提供一些借鉴。     

浅谈健美操教学组织形式

对健美操教学组织形式研究是健美操教学理论研究的重要课题,通过对新课程理念下有关健美操教学组织形式的概念、特点及教学的相互关系进行分析,提出现代健美操教学组织形式的若干发展趋势。     

高校健美操教学的现状及改善的初步研究

本文首先对健美操在高校体育教学的地位与作用进行了简单的介绍,健美操由于其实用性受到大学生的青睐,健美操教学对于体育课程的影响及作用,健美操教学可以有效提高学生的素质。接着对高校体育课程中健美操教学现状进行了初步的分析,认为重视基础训练应是未来健美操的重要内容,高校健美操正在由传统教育向素质教育转型,健美操教师在高校教师中的比例及年龄结构需要调整,然后对今后健美操教学过程中提出了一些建议,健美操的教学内容和形式需要进一步的改善,在教学过程中如何进一步更好的培养学生的自主学习能力,高校还要继续加强师资的教育和培训工程。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

青少年业余足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型初探

根据Scanlan等人最新提出的运动倾向性理论模型,结合我国实际情况建立了青少年足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型。运动倾向性被定义为:渴望和决心继续参加足球运动的心理状态。所建立的5因素结构模型认为,运动倾向性是由运动乐趣、参与选择、个人投入、社会约束及参与机会5个因素决定。经确定5个决定因素和运动倾向性的操作定义,编制了相应调查问卷,通过对北京市252名青少年足球运动员实测结果,建立运动倾向性及其影响因素的协方差结构模型,用Lisre 18分析的结果表明:该运动倾向性模型比较符合北京青少年足球运动员。其中运动乐趣、个人投入、参与机会和参与选择4因素对运动倾向性有影响;社会约束对运动倾向性影响不大。     

Effect of 6 weeks of endurance training on the lactate minimum speed

The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the lactate minimum speed test to changes in endurance fitness resulting from a 6 week training intervention. Sixteen participants (mean +/- s :age 23 +/- 4 years;body mass 69.7 +/- 9.1 kg) completed 6 weeks of endurance training. Another eight participants (age 23 +/- 4 years; body mass 72.7 +/-12.5 kg) acted as non-training controls. Before and after the training intervention, all participants completed: (1) a standard multi-stage treadmill test for the assessment of VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold and running speed at a reference blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 ; and (2) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved two supramaximal exercise bouts and an 8 min walking recovery period to increase blood lactate concentration before the completion of an incremental treadmill test. Additionally, a subgroup of eight participants from the training intervention completed a series of constant-speed runs for determination of running speed at the maximal lactate steady state. The test protocols were identical before and after the 6 week intervention. The control group showed no significant changes in VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold, running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 or the lactate minimum speed.In the training group, there was a significant increase in VO 2max (from 47.9 +/- 8.4 to 52.2 +/- 2.7 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), running speed at the maximal lactate steady state (from 13.3 +/- 1.7 to 13.9 +/- 1.6 km.h -1 ), running speed at the lactate threshold (from 11.2 +/- 1.8 to 11.9 +/- 1.8 km.h -1 ) and running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 (from 12.5 +/- 2.2 to 13.2 +/- 2.1 km.h -1 ) (all P ? 0.05). Despite these clear improvements in aerobic fitness, there was no significant difference in lactate minimum speed after the training intervention (from 11.0 +/- 0.7 to 10.9 +/- 1.7 km.h -1 ). The results demonstrate that the lactate minimum speed,when assessed using the same exercise protocol before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise training, is not sensitive to changes in endurance capacity.