正确把握教育学院办学功能的定位与转换

本文从历史、现状、未来三个方面探讨教育学院办学功能的定位与转换问题。以进行中小学教师继续教育为办学功能的教育学院,在70年代后期和80年代,由于特殊的历史原因,功能整体位移于进行中小学教师的学历补偿教育;进入90年代,则一方面继续完成学历补偿教育,另一方面又开始启动和迅速推进教师继续教育,其功能得到局部复位;今后,教育学院的任务是主攻“园丁工程”,其功能有可能又一次面临调整的重大挑战。     

胆道手术后胆瘘的原因及防治

目的:探讨胆道手术后胆瘘的原因及防治措施。方法:回顾性分析我院近10年经治的胆道手术后胆瘘18例。结果:8例采用非手术疗法治愈。10例再次手术,9例治愈,另1例经再次引流治愈。结论:胆瘘的原因多为手术方法选择不当、术中操作不仔细及术后处理失当。治疗首选非手术疗法,如胆汁漏出量大及腹膜炎弥漫宜选择手术治疗。预防上应加强围手术期处理,术中仔细操作,术后常规放置腹腔引流,拔管时要轻柔并合理掌握拔管指征。     

Performance analysis of an iSCSI-based unified storage network

In this paper, we introduced a novel storage architecture "Unified Storage Network", which merges NAC(Network Attached Channel) and SAN(Storage Area Network), and provides the file I/O services as NAS devices and provides the block I/O services as SAN. To overcome the drawbacks from FC, we employ iSCSI to implement the USN(Unified Storage Network). To evaluate whether iSCSI is more suitable for implementing the USN, we analyze iSCSI protocol and compare it with FC protocol from several components of a network protocol which impact the performance of the network. From the analysis and comparison, we can conclude that the iSCSI is more suitable for implementing the storage network than the FC under condition of the wide-area network. At last, we designed two groups of experiments carefully.     

Performance analysis of an iSCSI-based unified storage network

INTRODUCTIONNASisatermusedtorefertostorageele mentsthatconnecttoanetworkandprovidefileaccessservicestocomputersystems.Incommonusage ,aNASsystemisaspecial purposedevicethatisdesignedtoservefilestoclientsoveraLAN .Therearemanybenefitsinthearchitec ture:heterogeneousfilesharing ;internalre sourcepooling;exploitationoftheexistingin frastructure;simplicityofimplementation ;con nectivity;improvedmanageability;reductionoftotalcostofownership ;andsoon .Butinprac tice,therearestillmanydrawbacks…     

论孔子的天命鬼神观

本文通过对孔子所处时代的天命鬼神观念与《论语》中孔子对待天命鬼神态度的考察,论述了孔子崇天、畏天命、敬鬼神的天命鬼神观,并认为这种观念恰恰是其提倡＂爱人＂的基础。     

Validation of the use of foreign gas rebreathing method for non-invasive determination of cardiac output in heart disease patients

INTRODUCTION In the arsenal of cardiac functional parameters,cardiac output(CO),cardiac index(CI),and strokevolume(SV)are potentially important determinantsof hemodynamics,the measurement of which relieson complicated and sometimes invasive techniques.In the case of congestive heart failure,non-invasivemethods to provide accurate measures of these pa-rameters during exercise stress testing would addsignificant objectiveness to the test result.This couldbe of considerable importance for …     

说"时、分、秒"等时间词

"小时;分钟;秒钟"等是表示具体时间的时间词,它们在用法上有很大的共性,但通过对它们的用法情况的描述与比较,可以知道1. "时/点、分、秒"不是"小时、分钟、秒钟"的简称.2."分钟、秒钟"是量词,"小时"是准量词.     

子宫恶性肿瘤血清标志物CA125,CA199,CA153检测的临床意义

目的通过检测子宫恶性肿瘤患者血清中标志物CA125,CA199,CA153含量,探讨其能否作为评价治疗效果及预后中的一项检测指标.方法对103例子宫恶性肿瘤治疗前检测血清中CA125,CA199,CA153含量,部分患者治疗后追踪检测血清中CA125,CA199,CA153含量.结果治疗前血清中CA125,CA199,CA153在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期子宫内膜腺癌及腺鳞癌的阳性率明显低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期(P<0.01).肿瘤切除后,CA125,CA199,CA153转为阴性,肿瘤复发或转移时标志物又复阳性.结论CA125,CA199,CA153的检测有助于治疗效果的评价、病情监测及预后的估计.     

Optimal design of pressure vessel using an improved genetic algorithm

As the idea of simulated annealing （SA） is introduced into the fitness function, an improved genetic algorithm （GA） is proposed to perform the optimal design of a pressure vessel which aims to attain the minimum weight under burst pressure constraint. The actual burst pressure is calculated using the arc-length and restart analysis in finite element analysis （FEA）. A penalty function in the fitness function is proposed to deal with the constrained problem. The effects of the population size and the number of generations in the GA on the weight and burst pressure of the vessel are explored. The optimization results using the proposed GA are also compared with those using the simple GA and the conventional Monte Carlo method.     

Learning science in an era of globalization: a phenomenology of the foreign/strange

In this study, we propose a set of concepts for conceptualizing issues of learning science related to globalization, the encounter with the (radically) foreign/strange—as this occurs as part of migration and even as part of the encounter of a learner with the unknown content that science lessons are to impart—from the perspective of the experiencing person and the experience. We take an approach to the question of the foreign/strange that is grounded in philosophies of difference, which have emerged in continental Europe, and which make use of advances in phenomenology, dialectics, and materialism. We draw on ethnographic work in one undergraduate physics course at a Canadian university, where we followed in particular one female Japanese student, who had come to this country for the purpose of getting a degree. As an entry point and as source of empirical materials, we draw on our own auto/ethnographic experience that brings particular advantages to ally pathos to the experience of the foreign/strange, something is happening to (affecting) us that is beyond all experience, understanding, and anticipation. We articulate three phenomenological aspects that pathos (empathy) allows us to understand concerning the experience of the foreign/strange and then provide an exemplary and exemplifying analysis.

Effectiveness of urban construction boundaries in Beijing: an assessment

Based on the remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system （GIS） analysis of the Landsat multispectral scanner （MSS） and thematic mapper （TM） satellite images of 1983, 1993, and 2005, the present research examined the effectiveness of the urban construction boundaries （UCBs） in containing urban growth within the 6th Ring Road of Beijing Municipality. Three indicators on boundary control were proposed, through which the effectiveness of boundary containment, land inventory sufficiency and illegal adjacent development to the UCBs were explored. The results suggested that, first, the UCBs were limited in effectiveness in containing urban growth; second, the area encompassed by the UCBs might not be designed large enough to accommodate new development. The frustration of the urban growth control through the UCBs mainly resulted from the lack of a transparent system for urban land use planning and control to provide sufficient information, the limitation of the traditional land use prediction method to consider contingencies, and the absence of a mechanism to monitor and adjust the UCBs to respond just in time to urban change.     

The role of subject-matter content in teacher preparation: an international perspective for mathematics

International comparative studies in education provide a fresh perspective on K-12 education policy by enabling countries to learn from each other’s approaches. The recently conducted Teacher Education and Development Study—Mathematics provides a worldwide lens by which to examine the role of subject-matter in the preparation of US teachers of mathematics for primary and lower secondary students. More specifically, a previous study looking at the international top-performing teacher preparation programmes identified a common set of learning experiences (topics/content) related to mathematics. This empirically derived international benchmark is used in this paper to examine the quality of the mathematics preparation of future US teachers in various university and college programmes.     

A probiotic treatment containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus improves IBS symptoms in an open label trial

INTRODUCTION Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder. The typical symptoms are abdominal pain, flatulence, and irregular bowel movement. Prevalence rates are re- ported to be as high as 30% in the general population (Drossman et al., 1982), corresponding to about 25%~50% of all patients who need gastroenterolo- gist’s help (Everhart and Renault, 1991). Despite this high prevalence, the cause of IBS is unknown. Many factors are likely to …     

Renal insufficiency is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality for patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective:To investigate the relationship between renal function and clinical outcomes among patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (ASTEMI), who were treated with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: 420 patients hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital, diagnosed with ASTEMI treated with emergency (PCI) from January 2001 to June 2011 were enrolled in this study. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was used as a measure of renal function. We compared the clinical parameters and outcomes between ASTEMI patients combined renal insufficiency and the patients with normal renal function. Results:There was a significant increase in the concentrations of fibrinogen and D-Dimer (P<0.05) and a much higher morbidity of diabetes mellitus in the group of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD; eGFR<60 ml/(min·1.73 m2)) (P<0.01). CKD (eGFR<60 ml/(min·1.73 m2)) was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality for patients hospitalized with ASTEMI receiving PCI therapy rapidly (P=0.032, odds ratio (OR) 4.159, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.127-15.346). Conclusions:Renal insufficiency is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality for patients hospitalized with ASTEMI treated with primary PCI.     

The process,dialogues, and attitudes of vocational engineering high school students in a web problem-based learning (WPBL) system

This study aims to explore how high school students collaboratively solve problems in a web problem-based learning (WPBL) system in an 8-week digital logic course using discourse analysis. Employing in-depth interviews, this study also investigated the students' attitudes toward the WPBL system. The number of teaching assistants' responses had a negative relationship with the number of peer responses. Regarding dialogue quality, extended questions and brainstorming stimulated each other. Elaboration facilitated problem solving, whereas organizing knowledge from books or websites decreased reflection. Students affirmed the usefulness and effectiveness of the web system because it created an interactive, flexible, comfortable and collaborative learning environment.     

Computational fluid dynamic simulation of an inter-phasing pulse tube cooler

An inter-phasing pulse tube cooler （IPPTC） consists of two pulse tube units, which are connected to each other at hot ends of the pulse tubes through a needle valve. This paper presents the computational fluid dynamic （CFD） results of an IPPTC using a 2D axis-symmetrical model. General results such as the phase difference between pressure and velocity at cold end and hot end, the temperature profiles along the wall, the available lowest temperature as well as its oscillations and the coefficient of performance （COP） for IPPTC are presented. The formation of DC flow and its effects on the performance of the cooler are investigated and analyzed in detail. Turbulence, which is partially responsible for the poor overall performance of a single orifice pulse tube cooler （OPTC）, is found to be much reduced in IPPTC and its performance is improved significantly compared with the single OPTC.     

Relationships among magnetic resonance imaging, histological findings, and IGF-I in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits

Objective: To study the relationships among magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histological findings, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits. Methods: Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into experimental Group A (n=15) and control Group B (n=15). The 7.5 mg/kg (2 ml) ofdexamethasone (DEX)and physiological saline (2 ml) were injected into the fight gluteus medius muscle twice at one-week intervals in animals of Groups A and B, respectively. At 4, 8 and 16 weeks after obtaining an MRI, the rabbits were sacrificed and the femoral head from one side was removed for histological study of lacunae empty of osteocytes, subchondral vessels, and size of fat cells under microscopy, and the femoral head from the other side was removed for enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) for IGF-I.Results: At 4, 8 and 16 weeks after treatment, no necrotic lesions were detected in Group B, while they were detected in Group A.Light microscopy revealed that the fat cells of the marrow cavity were enlarged, subchondral vessels were evidently decreased,and empty bone lacunae were clearly increased. The IGF-I levels in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B. At 8 weeks after the DEX injection, the MRI of all 20 femora showed an inhomogeneous, low signal intensity area in the femoral head,and at 16 weeks, the findings of all 10 femora showed a specific "line-like sign". The MRI findings of all femora in Group B were normal. Conclusion: MRI is a highly sensitive means of diagnosing early experimental osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, the abnormal marrow tissues appeared later than 4 weeks when the expression of IGF-I increased. This reparative factor has an early and important role in response to steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the pathology and designing new therapies.     

BP人工神经网络-光度法同时测定VB1、VB2、VB6和VPP

用BP人工神经网络解析了VB1、VB2、VB6和VPP的紫外吸收光谱,提出同时测定这四种维生素的计算分析方法,并对复合维生素片中的VB1、VB2、VB6和VPP进行了同时测定,VB1、VB2、VB6和VPP平均相对误差分别为1.45%,1.57%,4.08%和1.87%.使用了改进的BP算法,避免了神经网络学习过程中可能产生的麻痹现象;提出了目标向量的简单变换方法.     

Combination of Se-methylselenocysteine,D-α-tocopheryl succinate, β-carotene,and L-lysine can prevent cancer metastases using as an adjuvant therapy

ObjectivePrimary tumor treatment through surgical resection and adjuvant therapy has been extensively studied, but there is a lack of effective strategies and drugs for the treatment of tumor metastases. Here, we describe a functional product based on a combination of compounds, which can be used as an adjuvant therapy and has well-known mechanisms for inhibiting cancer metastases, improving anti-cancer treatment, and enhancing immunity and antioxidant capacity. Our designed combination, named MVBL, consists of four inexpensive compounds: L-selenium-methylselenocysteine (MSC), D-‍α‍-tocopheryl succinic acid (VES), β‍-carotene (β‍-Ca), and L-lysine (Lys).MethodsThe effects of MVBL on cell viability, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, cell migration, cell invasion, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and paclitaxel (PTX)-combined treatment were studied in vitro. The inhibition of tumor metastasis, antioxidation, and immune enhancement capacity of MVBL were determined in vivo.ResultsMVBL exhibited higher toxicity to tumor cells than to normal cells. It did not significantly affect the cell cycle of cancer cells, but increased their apoptosis. Wound healing, adhesion, and transwell assays showed that MVBL significantly inhibited tumor cell migration, adhesion, and invasion. MVBL sensitized MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to PTX, indicating that it can be used as an adjuvant to enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy drugs. In mice, experimental data showed that MVBL inhibited tumor metastasis, prolonged their survival time, and enhanced their antioxidant capacity and immune function.ConclusionsThis study revealed the roles of MVBL in improving immunity and antioxidation, preventing tumor growth, and inhibiting metastasis in vitro and in vivo. MVBL may be used as an adjuvant drug in cancer therapy for improving the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.