An evaluation of an alternative placement experience for students undertaking primary initial teacher training

This study is an analysis of the impact on students of their experience of an alternative placement. The placement was run with Year 2 students on a three-year undergraduate initial teacher education degree programme (primary, 3–11) in England. The placement enabled students to have a practical teaching experience in any setting outside the age phase they were training to teach. The analysis is based on a cohort evaluation of the placement (170 students). Data were collected in two ways: through students’ written reflections and their identification of the standards required for Qualified Teacher Status that they experienced. This approach was selected owing to the strong expectations by the UK Government to meet set criteria to qualify as a teacher. There is one direct reference in the standards to learning outside the classroom, but it was found that the students considered they had benefited from the alternative placement by offering opportunities for their professional and personal development in many more areas. The research study found that these areas included learning from other experts, working with colleagues, gaining confidence to teach, experiencing other cultural settings, working with children in informal settings, the importance of personalising learning and, in some cases, experiencing second language teaching.     

专科高职院校升格本科的“政策口子”缘何不能开

高职办学向高层次延升是一种必然趋势。但由于高职院校成立时间普遍不长,办学特色还不是很鲜明。加之我们对本科层次高职特性的认识还不呔清楚,尚未形成系统的概念和理论,因此,目前高职专科院校升本的“政策口子”不能开。否则,会进一步引发职业教育的浮躁现象和不正当竞争,造成职教资源的浪费,妨碍职业教育事业持续、健康、快速发展。     

Involving parents in schools: Toward developing a social-intervention technology

Emphasis is on parents and public elementary schools in lower socioeconomic areas. A rationale for direct parental involvement in the school's instructional and policy-formulation processes is presented. Neighborhood and school social factors are identified, especially those related to the change process in schools, since these could potentially hinder the development of parental involvement. Finally, organization development is examined as a promising means of minimizing difficulties.

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Résumé Cet article traite surtout des parents et des écoles élémentaires publiques des quartiers déshérités au point de vue socio-économique. L'auteur expose la raison d'être de l'intervention directe des parents dans les méthodes d'enseignement et dans l'élaboration de la politique éducative. Il identifie les facteurs sociaux représentés par le quartier et l'école et insiste sur les facteurs propres à la nature du processus d'évolution dans les écoles, étant donné que ces facteurs pourraient faire obstacle au développement de l'engagement des parents. L'auteur conclut que le développement de l'organisation représente une méthode prometteuse qui pourrait faciliter la tâche dans ce domaine.

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OISE     

New Zealand's standard-based assessment for secondary schools (NCEA): implications for policy makers

The objective of this study was to identify the different features of New Zealand's National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA) that can affect student outcomes. Despite the huge public debate surrounding its implementation, very little research has been carried out on the features and effectiveness of the NCEA. By analysing the national dataset of the first cohort of NCEA students this study suggests that the current implementation of the NCEA is less than optimal. New models for analysing NCEA data are introduced. Models based on quality of learning were more equitable and demonstrated higher predictability of university achievement than models based on mere accumulation of credits. Recommendations for improving the way the NCEA is conducted and implications for different groups of students are discussed.     

Toward instituting a chaperone policy in outpatient pediatric clinics

ObjectivesWe sought to evaluate child, parent and medical provider preferences for chaperones for outpatient encounters and to evaluate the acceptability and frequency of utilization following institution of a chaperone policy. Secondarily, we sought to understand what medical history and examinations teens consider “sensitive.”DesignWe conducted an observational study 1 month before and 1 month after institution of outpatient clinic chaperone policy. Post clinic questionnaires were used for patients ≥12 years old, parents, and clinicians. A research assistant observed chaperone use.SettingAdolescent Medicine, Urology, and Rehabilitation Clinics at a regional, tertiary-care pediatric hospital, in a major metropolitan area were studied.ParticipantsConvenience sample: 117 clinic patients during control period and 119 after policy implementation.Main outcome measuresPreferences for and satisfaction with chaperone use were documented.ResultsAlthough non-parent chaperones were usually declined (99.6%), offers were appreciated. Non-parent chaperone use increased modestly (5.3–18.1%).Most patients preferred not to have non-parent chaperones. This preference was greater among older patients (88%), than early teens (52%). After experiencing sensitive examinations, more young adolescent patients (89%) wished their parent had been present than older patients (38%). Patients’ opinions about what constitutes “sensitive” questions and examinations and chaperone preferences varied widely. Providers often did not recognize issues patients and parents considered sensitive questioning (21% agreement), but recognized sensitive physical examinations better (74% agreement). Providers felt chaperones had been a detriment to examination and exams would have gone better without one only 1% of the time.ConclusionsAlthough usually declined, offers of chaperones were appreciated and use of non-parent chaperones increased modestly. Offering chaperones for sensitive examinations may remind providers about appropriate, respectful patient encounters. Implications for children's hospitals’ patient safety and satisfaction, and institutional staff protection and costs are significant.Practice implicationsQuestions and examinations which patients consider sensitive vary widely. Asking patients for their preferences for examination chaperones may reassure them about the appropriateness of examinations, remind staff to conduct respectful examinations and protect providers from accusations of impropriety. Since most chaperone offers are declined, the cost of asking is likely to be minimal.     

Towards a schools funding policy to ameliorate poverty and disadvantage

As a society we now have the means to identify regional areas of disadvantage, and the knowledge of what needs to be done to ameliorate intergenerational transfer of poverty. The missing ingredient is the political will² and commitment, and the capacity to convince all Australians that an increasingly divided society is to everyone’s disadvantage.     

升格高职院校转型的分析与对策

中专（合并）升格的高职院校，要从中专教育转向高职教育，必须抓住,必须正确评估自身的优势，树立信心，分析面临的困难和矛盾，制定良策，从培养目标、专业、课程、教材、教学方法、教学手段、师资水平，育人环境，管理制度等方面实行全面快速转型。     

The policy and management of information technology in Jordanian schools

During the past two decades the introduction of personal computers has been a major innovation in the Hashimite Kingdom of Jordan. This new technology continues to offer an exciting challenge to educationalists. This paper reviews the developments of Information Technology (IT) in Jordanian public schools in the period 1984–1998. My contention is that the highly centralised nature of the Jordanian educational system and the comprehensive policy of the Directorate of Educational Computing (DEC) have made the introduction of computers in schools less difficult.     

Building resilient schools in Russia: effective policy strategies*

The article uses the framework of resiliency to examine the strategies of principals in schools working under challenging socio-economic conditions that show higher-than-expected educational results. We collected a unique set of data within the Russian ‘National monitoring of education markets and organisations’ programme. This work continues the study, begun in 2014, of the peculiarities of the functioning conditions, management and educational strategies of different groups of schools (urban, rural, implementing higher-level programmes, private, etc.), where authors supplement the economic indicators of school performance with socio-economic contextual factors. A contextualisation model was applied to distinguish the resilient schools studied and the socio-economic characteristics for each school. The typical strategies of principals of resilient schools are as follows: recruiting more successful students from other schools, the branding of the school, creating a culture of high expectations for staff and students, and a less bureaucratic management style.     

Toward an Eco-justice Pedagogy

This paper will address three issues: (1) the nature and importance of an eco-justice pedagogy; (2) how an eco-justice pedagogy differs from the recommendations of critical pedagogy theorists who rely upon key root metaphors (e.g. emancipated individualism, linear view of progress, anthropocentrism) that co-evolved with the Industrial Revolution and are now the basis of the globalization process; and (3) the reforms that need to be undertaken in teacher education in order for teachers to balance critical inquiry with helping students recognize and participate in the non-commodified aspects of community life. The latter will involve giving special attention to what teachers need to understand about how the language of the curriculum is based on root metaphors that organize thinking in ways that ignore environmental racism and the marginalization of different cultural approaches to community not oriented toward dependency upon modern technology and consumerism.