Wearable energy systems:what are the limits and limitations?

<正>The recent decade marks a sharp rise in wearable electronics with a market size approaching 100 billion USD.Along-side this boom in consumer wearable electronics,researchers have pursued,during the past 15 years,next-generation wearable electronics featuring thin,soft,conformal,flexible and stretchable form factors for application in advanced human-machine interaction and comprehensive sensing.     

What enables rapid economic progress: What are the needed institutions?

In recent years “institutions” have again become a central focus of economists and other scholars studying the processes of economic growth, and the reasons why nations have differed so greatly in their achievements on this front. However, with few exceptions the exploration of the role of institutions has not been connected with a coherent analysis of the relationships between institutions and institutional change and technological advance. This paper proposes a way of analyzing these relationships. The concept of “social technologies” which support “physical technologies” plays a key role in the analysis.     

We are in it together: Communitarianism and the performance-innovation relationship✰

The relationship between firm performance and innovation behavior has been widely studied, yet theoretical and empirical findings still widely diverge. We investigate this inconsistency through the lens of informal institutions, specifically communitarianism, the degee to which group goals are considered more important than individual goals. We do this through an analysis of a firm-level dataset covering 31,860 firms across 56 countries. We find evidence for a ‘cushion effect’, where firms in highly communitarian settings benefit from informal insurance in order to engage in innovation activity when their performance is below their aspirational value. Firms experiencing performance above aspirational value are also more likely to engage in innovation activity in highly communitarian settings due to a ‘pay-it-forward’ mechanism, using innovation activities to contribute to community challenges. Both effects are conditional on firms being sufficiently embedded in their direct business environment. We discuss the direct and wider implications for the literature on performance-innovation behavior and provide guidance for policy makers and practitioners.     

Knowledge of the natural and the social: how are they different and what do they have in common?

Knowledge of the natural and the social are irreducibly different yet have much in common. The differences lie at the levels of complexity they engage, modes of explanation they adopt, investigation aims they allow and whether they assert a ‘double hermeneutic’ effect to the behaviour of the studied objects. Knowledge are in common in that they are all construed out of available resources, justified based on the consequences of acting upon them, settled until better alternatives emerge, and serving as walking sticks for beating unknown paths in human life. Because of this, there can be no hierarchy of knowledge or unity of methodology, and dialogical encounters guided by situational ethics, not professional deafness driven by ontological/instrumental fallacies, are a viable strategy for morally and practically wise actions, including knowledge management projects.     

How well are pregnant women in Croatia informed about the oral glucose tolerance test?

Introduction

Preanalytical errors still constitute the largest source of errors in laboratory work. Proper patient preparation and patient’s knowledge about a particular procedure affects its accuracy and reliability. We hypothesized that most of pregnant women are not well enough informed about the proper procedure for the OGTT. The aims of this study were to investigate: (i) how well pregnant women are informed about the OGTT; (ii) the most common way to inform pregnant women about OGTT and (iii) whether pregnant women’s level of knowledge about the OGTT differ regarding source of information.

Materials and methods

The anonymous questionnaire was conducted across the country in 23 Croatian primary and secondary healthcare centres. The questionnaire contained 9 questions on certain demographic data and familiarity with OGTT procedure. All 343 participants filled the questionnaire before the first blood draw.

Results

42% of the participants demonstrated high and 38% adequate level of knowledge about the OGTT procedure. Majority of participants were informed about the procedure by gynaecologist (56%). The level of knowledge differed among participants with different sources of information (P = 0.030). Further analysis showed that the level of knowledge was lower in pregnant women having received information from their gynaecologist compared to pregnant women who received information from the laboratory staff.

Conclusions

In general, pregnant women are familiar with OGTT procedure, main source of information about the OGTT procedure is their gynaecologist, but the level of knowledge was higher in women who received information about the OGTT procedure from the laboratory staff.Key words: preanalytical phase, oral glucose tolerance test, survey, patient education, gestational diabetes     

What are you doing?

故事教学,采用大家都喜欢的故事为教学材料,语言丰富,教学方法多样不仅学生爱学,教师也爱教。     

What are you doing？

故事教学,采用大家都喜欢的故事为教学材料,语言丰富,教学方法多样不仅学生爱学,教师也爱教。     

What are species and how are they formed?OA

<正>In this issue of NSR,four papers address various aspects of speciation.The fifth one,to appear in the next issue,is on biodiversity and should ultimately be about speciation as well.As has always been the case in speciation research,the conclusion depends on what’species’are.This is true for Wang et al.[1] on post-speciation gene flow,Ma et al.[2] on hybridization speciation,Sun et al.[3] on sympatric speciation and Fan et al.[4]on species diversity.The conclusions would all be quite di...     

Innovation across Europe: How important are institutional differences?

By changing the level of competition and/or affecting the allocation of resources, institutions can play a very important role on innovation activity. In this paper we investigate the relative importance of institutional variation across European countries in explaining differences in their innovation intensity at the industry level. We employ a novel indicator of innovation therefore circumventing the limitations of more traditional indicators. Our results are broadly consistent with previous empirical literature. They show that stringent product and labor market regulation affects innovation intensity negatively, and that more developed credit markets foster innovation. However, the empirical findings also raise doubts with respect to the strengthening of intellectual property rights as a means to stimulate innovation, a result that is in accordance with recent propositions in the literature.     

On the Classification of the Bonnet Surfaces

In this paper,we will prove that the Bonnet surfaces can beclassified into three different types and the first or second types areequivalent to helicoidal surfaces(including surfaces of revolution andcylinders)under Bonnet deformations.     

Authorw are在体育教学课件制作中的应用探讨

多媒体教学课件普遍应用于高校教学中,阐述使用Authorware制作多媒体体育课件的优势,简要介绍制作Authorware多媒体体育课件的基本流程,分析Authorware多媒体体育教学课件的局限性并提出改善方法。     

On the Comparison of the Images of the Protagonists and the Conflicts of the Plots between William Shakespeare and Guan Hanqing''''s Tragedies

I.TheTragediesofShakespeare1.1.AnAnalysisoftherolesinShakespeare’stragediesTake“Hamlet”asexamples:Hamletisaboutanemotionallyscarredyoungmantryingtoavengethemurderofhisfather,theking.TheghostofHamlet'sfatherappearstoHamlet,tellinghimthathewasmurderedbyhisbrother,Claudius,whohasnowbecometheking.ClaudiushasalsomarriedGertrude,theoldking'swidowandHamlet'smother.Hamletisappalledbyhismother'sactionsandbywhattheghosttellshimaboutClaudius'scold-bloodedmurderofhisownbrother.Tobuytimetoplothisr…     

Public apprehension of emerging infectious diseases: are changes afoot?

Using social representations theory this paper casts light on the pattern of content that characterises the public response to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases (EID). The pattern is: distancing the disease from the self/ one's in-groups; blame of particular entities for the disease's origin and/or spread; and stigmatisation of those who have contracted it and/or who are represented as having intensified its spread. This pattern is not unique to EID but extends to many risks, making EID fruitful events for understanding public apprehension of potential dangers. This process may be driven by worry, fear and anxiety since when levels of these are low, as has arguably been the case with the 2009/10 "Swine Flu" pandemic, the pattern transforms. The distancing-blame-stigma pattern may also be transformed by growing reflexivity, a feature of late modern societies, as well as material features of the epidemic and "EID fatigue".     

Knowledge management practices and performance: are they truly linked?

Knowledge management (KM) has often been claimed to be an essential ingredient in building competitive advantage. Yet, KM adoption is relatively slow, especially in the Malaysian context. Most organizations are unsure if the promised performance improvement is just a passing fad. This study intends to provide empirical verifications to support the link between KM practices and performance outcomes for organizations. Responses from 180 knowledge-based organizations were analysed. The analysis indicated that knowledge acquisition and knowledge utilization positively influenced strategic and operational improvement in organizations, whereas the positive effect of knowledge dissemination was only evident in the case of strategic improvement. Organization size had some interesting moderating impact on the tested relationships.     

Beijing Declaration Face the future – Explore the unknown

<正>Chinese Academy of Sciences and the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina stand united in their endeavor to promote the scientific spirit and to increase scientific excellence. The oldest academy in the West and the strongest academy in the East make the following declaration on the role and value of basic research and scientific advancement.Humankind is facing a broad range of serious challenges which are of global nature and effect. Examples are climate change, resource shortage or an uneven development, which