Early Formative Evaluation of Educational Television

This article examines the incorporation of formative evaluation in the early stages of ETV programme development, and argues that Self‐Formative Evaluation, an evaluation system conducted by the developers of an ETV programme and in‐house evaluators, should be conducted. A list of criteria that can be used in this evaluation process is given     

Early Education in Ethiopia: Progress and Prospects

Explored herein are historical roots of preschool through elementary grade education in the East Africa nation of Ethiopia. Also included are current difficult challenges to educational improvement as well as promising developments such as greater involvement of private institutions, organizations, and individuals in supporting Ministry of Education reform initiatives.     

西方形成性学习评价的进展分析*

形成性学习评价是在教育教学过程中,为使教师专业、学生学习持续提高,不断获取反馈信息,以便改进学生学习而进行的系统性评价。它前后共经历了四个发展期：创建初期、应用初期、线性发展期、多元化转型期。它有多方面的重要特点,同时还存在着若干问题：评价理念不够明晰、过程实施把握难、评价标准的界定不清晰、存在误差倾向因素。当前,西方形成性评价又呈现出一些新趋势,这些对我国教育评价的发展有着一定的启示作用。     

Fevatools:网络课程设计的形成性评估工具

本文介绍了圣地亚哥州立大学帮助大学教授评估网络课程效果的一个工具性网站：Fevatools（http：／／fevatools．wikispaces．con／）。该网站将22种工具和技术分为以下几类：典范做法、课程便利、学生成绩、平行调查和学习风格调查。部分教师试用Fevatools参与了调查,并提供了对这个网上工具的反馈。初步调查显示,这些教师通常使用调查和投票来评估课程。他们主要关注学生的学习成果,而不是网上课程的特点或如何促进学生的学习。为了能更有效地应用Fevatools,研究者推荐增加对教师进行相关的培训和支持,并深入研究网站的可用性。     

Developing a Teacher Evaluation Instrument to Provide Formative Feedback Using Student Ratings of Teaching Acts

This study reports on the development of a teacher evaluation instrument, based on students’ observations, which exhibits cumulative ordering in terms of the complexity of teaching acts. The study integrates theory on teacher development with theory on teacher effectiveness and applies a cross‐validation procedure to verify whether teaching acts have a cumulative order. The resulting teacher evaluation instrument comprises 32 teaching acts with cumulative ordering in terms of complexity. This ordering aligns with prior teacher development research. It also represents a valuable extension in that the instrument can provide feedback about a teacher's current phase of development and advice for improvement.     

论"形成性评价"

文章介绍了形成性评的基本特征,对形成性评价与终结性评价进行了较为详细的对比分析。认为形成性评价对我国外语教学理论、教学方法、学习理论都将产生不可估量的影响,将大大有利于我国外语教学从知识传授型向能力培养型的转化。     

The Implementation and Evaluation of Comprehensive School Guidance Programs in the United States: Progress and Prospects

The evolution of guidance in the schools of the United States from a position to a service to a program is described. Then the prevailing structure for guidance, the comprehensive guidance program is presented. This section of the article provides a brief overview of the basic elements of the program. Finally, the article closes with discussion of guidance program evaluation as well as presents the results of several studies that offer evidence of the impact of guidance programs. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

重视形成性评价在大学生职业规划中的作用

形成性评价是专门对学生的表现给出反馈以提高和促进后续学习的一种评价模式,通过对形成性评价运用于大学生职业规划的可行性分析,探索将形成性评价与培养方案、实践活动、大学生素质养成相结合的大学生职业规划全程化指导新模式,以期突显大学生的主体地位和主观能动性的发挥.     

义务教育优质均衡发展督导评估审视与展望

经过近10年的努力,我国义务教育基本均衡县认定已在31个省(自治区、直辖市)基本完成.该项工作的开展,极大地牵引和推动了全国各地义务教育的均衡发展,明显缩小了区域之间、城乡之间、校际办学条件和水平的差距,显著提高了义务教育的整体发展水平,并在此过程中形成了较为系统完备的评估认定框架体系.展望义务教育优质均衡发展督导评估认定工作,应在总结和审视基本均衡认定经验与不足基础上,进一步倡导主体多元,增强评估认定的专业性;兼顾国家统一标准和地方特色,凸显质量指标要素;构建动态数据采集机制,以科技赋能督导评估;强化评估结果使用方式,注重多元问责与持续改进;更新评估理念,科学校正评估价值取向;深化学术研究,积极构建具有中国特色的评估认定理论体系.     

义务教育优质均衡发展督导评估审视与展望

经过近10年的努力,我国义务教育基本均衡县认定已在31个省(自治区、直辖市)基本完成.该项工作的开展,极大地牵引和推动了全国各地义务教育的均衡发展,明显缩小了区域之间、城乡之间、校际办学条件和水平的差距,显著提高了义务教育的整体发展水平,并在此过程中形成了较为系统完备的评估认定框架体系.展望义务教育优质均衡发展督导评估认定工作,应在总结和审视基本均衡认定经验与不足基础上,进一步倡导主体多元,增强评估认定的专业性;兼顾国家统一标准和地方特色,凸显质量指标要素;构建动态数据采集机制,以科技赋能督导评估;强化评估结果使用方式,注重多元问责与持续改进;更新评估理念,科学校正评估价值取向;深化学术研究,积极构建具有中国特色的评估认定理论体系.     

巴西推进学前教育的政策、举措及其未来发展

近年来,巴西的学前教育得到了稳步的普及与发展.这与巴西政府颁布实施的相关政策及采取的有力措施密切相关,包括:通过立法明确学前教育的地位与政府责任;建立专门的学前教育财政投入制度;支持农村地区和贫困家庭子女接受学前教育;在学前教育普及的过程中注重保障质量.根据世界银行最近的有关报告:巴西学前教育的未来发展应在普及的过程中确保学前教育的质量、提高学前教育财政投入的规模与效率以及进一步促进学前教育的全面均衡发展方面作出更大努力.     

The Early Development Instrument: Translating School Readiness Assessment Into Community Actions and Policy Planning

This invited special issue of Early Education and Development presents research related to the Early Development Instrument (EDI; Janus & Offord, 2007), a community tool to assess children's school readiness at a population level. In this editorial introduction, we first sketch out recent trends in school readiness research that call for a contextual and whole-child assessment of school readiness. Then we provide an overview of the EDI, including a discussion of its purpose and development, as well as its large-scale international use as a community tool to monitor children's developmental outcomes at population levels. Finally, we introduce the special issue's articles, all of which present research findings from ongoing community research projects that employ the EDI to assess children's school readiness. These articles are grouped into the following thematic themes: (a) individual-level validity of the EDI, (b) school and neighborhood effects and population-level validity of the EDI, and (c) program implementation and evaluation using the EDI.     

Working within the Zone of Proximal Development: Formative Assessment as Professional Development

Journal of Science Teacher Education -     

区域教育质量评估学业工具的研发

学生学业测评是教育质量测评的重要组成部分。国内外学业质量测评以数学、科学、阅读为主要领域,强调对素养的考查,测评框架包括内容维度和认知过程,测试题目由客观题和主观题构成,并初步实现计算机化测试。区域学业质量测评工具的设计借鉴国际经验,从内容维度和认知过程考查学生的数学和阅读素养,测试题目覆盖所有的维度,实现了年度间结果的可比较。未来区域教育质量评估学业工具的研发,应与诊断性评价相结合,逐步采用计算机化测试,将信息技术运用于过程性学习和评价。     

Read-Think-Aloud Protocols: A New Data-Source for Formative Evaluation

Traditional approaches to formative evaluation include one-to-one trials which provide some information about revisions that are needed in instructional materials, but typically fail to provide sufficient information about the learner's cognitive processing problems while studying the materials. Read-think-aloud methods are a viable alternative to traditional one-to-ones and provide valuable information about the learner's cognitive processing while reading instructional text. In this paper we describe the read-think-aloud method of formative evaluation and offer suggestions for its use.     

电子档案袋在开放教育形成性考核中的应用——以广播电视大学商务英语为例的实证研究

针对开放教育形成性考核中普遍存在的效果欠佳及效率低下两方面问题,本文提出把基于网络的电子档案袋广泛应用于形成性考核以弥补其不足。在扼要地阐明电子档案袋概念及发展历程的基础上,本文论证了推行该考核方式的教学法理据,并继而以广播电视大学开放教育的商务英语专业为例报告了一项实践过程。     

大学英语教学中的形成性评价

评价是英语教学的重要组成部分。形成性评价是在某一项教学计划、方案及活动的实施过程中，为使教师和学生都能及时获得反馈信息，以改善教学进程和提高教学质量的评价。本文从形成性评价的理论基础、特征及方式等方面进行了阐述，并得出一些启示。     

形成性评价与聋校语文教学

聋校语文教学大纲虽然对语文教学的目的提出了要求 ,但对具体教学的每一单元及课时应把握到何种程度 ,如何提高学生对单元及课时知识的掌握 ,尚缺乏明确可靠的衡量标尺。鉴如此 ,我们在近三年的教学中尝试运用布卢姆 :“掌握学习”理论 ,引入“单元形成性评价” ,取得了点滴成绩 ,现将有关探索及认识撰成此文