Internalized Racism,Perceived Racism,and Ethnic Identity: Exploring Their Relationship in Latina/o Undergraduates

For Latina/o undergraduates, ethnic identity is an important construct linked to self‐esteem and educational attainment. Internalized and perceived racism have been hypothesized to hinder ethnic identity development in Latina/o undergraduates. To assess if internalized and perceived racism were inversely related to ethnic identity, the author conducted a hierarchical linear regression with 373 Latina/o undergraduates. There was a significant relationship between internalized racism and ethnic identity. Findings indicate a need to challenge internalized racism in Latina/o undergraduates.     

Racism,Reconstructed Multiculturalism and Antiracist Education

To the long‐standing debate over the relative merits of multicultural and antiracist education, Short and Carrington have added a new dimension. It is their contention that in order to challenge racism, educators should promote a reconstructed form of multiculturalism in addition to conventional antiracism. Their argument is that a new form of racism has emerged in which culture assumes a pivotal role and, accordingly, that a revised form of education is required to deal with it. While accepting the crucial role that culture plays in racism in contemporary societies, I question in this paper Short & Carrington's virtually exclusive concern with cultural racism, which is based on a relatively uncritical acceptance of Martin Barker's concept of the ‘new racism’. Instead, I offer a reformulation of the concept of racism which incorporates both biological and cultural elements, but which also includes seemingly positively evaluated characteristics in addition to the more obvious negative ones. This paper notes a number of problems with Short and Carrington's concept of reconstructed multiculturalism and concludes with a critique of their associated liberal pluralist conception of ‘the unity of the nation’.     

现代性话语:卡尔·马克思和马克斯·韦伯的不同境遇透视

在全球化竞争与发展和中国迅速走向全球与现代化的历史语境中考察马克思和韦伯的现代性话语时,我们发现了一个极为不公平的现象,这就是:关于现代性话语的皇冠属于马克斯.韦伯,而于具有原创性地位的卡尔.马克思无缘。本文从四个方面分析了马克思与韦伯在现代性话语中不同境遇的原因,认为当时人和后来人不仅误读了马克思,而且有意歪曲和肢解了马克思的理论体系,这是造成马克思关于现代性话语缺场的主要原因。     

卢梭人民主权论的实质

卢梭是世界上享有盛誉的伟大思想家，是法国资产阶级革命的思想先驱。在革命时期卢梭的《社会契约论》被雅各宾派的领袖罗伯斯庇尔所接受，建立起卢梭设想的理想国－－资产阶级民主共和国，使卢俊的人民主权思想得以实践，由此可以看出：卢梭人民主权论具有明显的资产阶级性质，虽有为“人民”争取权利的反封建专制主义的进步性，但这种民主对广大被剥削、受压迫的人民来说，只是一种形式上的民主、一种空洞的许诺，所谓全体人民享有主权也只是一种幻想。