论大学英语教学中的主动性学习

主动性学习,是指学习者能够积极主动地投入到学习活动当中,其内涵是促使学生发展其终生学习能力的过程。而语言教学的目的不仅是使学生掌握语言本身,同时还应该培养学生的自主学习能力。在大学英语教学中,教师应通过更新教育观念,改进教学方法等方式将仅传授语言知识和技能的以"教师"为中心的传统教学模式转变为注重提高学生自主学习能力和语言运用能力的以"学生"为主体的现代教学模式。     

Exploring How a Study Abroad and International Service-Learning Project Shaped Preservice Teachers’ Understanding of Humanizing Pedagogy

In an attempt to better prepare future teachers to fight against social injustice, support their culturally and linguistically diverse students and wrestle with social and educational complexities around the globe, many education programs have increased the number of study abroad programs and international service learning projects. In this qualitative study, we explored seven preservice teachers’ experiences related to humanizing pedagogy after participating in a study abroad program combined with an international service-learning project in a South African rural community. Analyzing multiple data sources such as interviews and reflective journals, we discovered that the preservice teachers grappled with the political, social, economic, and educational differences they encountered during the international project and wrestled with conflicting ideas and beliefs about poverty and language. They identified their relationships with students as catalysts to address these educational issues and their need to reverse systemic inequities. They built caring relationships with students in the community and developed additive perspectives the focused on the students’ community cultural capital. The preservice teachers expressed deep critical reflection and a desire to promote a more fully human educational world where students have the opportunities to enact their agency, their creativity, and their language and culture.     

从大学生汉语状况看加强汉语教育的紧迫性

大学生的语言文字水平直接反映了语言教育的质量,代表了社会的语言文字水平。通过对全国普通高校在校大学生一定规模的调查和分析,发现当代大学生的汉语水平不容乐观,在汉语的使用中存在诸多问题,进而研究并阐述了造成这一现象的原因及解决的对策,提出要从提高重视程度、扩大教育渠道、营造良好的语言氛围等方面入手,切实提高大学生的汉语水平。     

The use of selected theatre rehearsal technique activities with African-American adolescents labeled "behavior disordered".

The extensive literature on the overrepresentation of adolescent African-American male learners in classes for students identified as behavior disordered has essentially not addressed the problems caused by teacher reactions to adolescent conversational language use, the qualitative differences in language choices, or the impact of the conversational choices of adolescents on their educational treatment. This article explores how the dramaturgical perspective of selected Theatre Rehearsal Technique (TRT) activities can be used as learning experiences in communication with this student population. If these students gain quantifiable success in their social communication interactions, reassessment of their special education placement might facilitate their entrance into less restrictive educational environments.     

Los retos de la educación bilingüe en inglés y español en las escuelas públicas de Nueva York: objetivos, modelos y currículos

The challenges of bilingual education in English and Spanish in public schools of New York: Objectives, models and curricula – The first section of this article describes the conceptual differences between educational objectives, educational model (context and structures) and curriculum (units of study or sequential study guides). The second section analyses how these three concepts were put into practice in five bilingual elementary schools serving immigrant students in New York City. The educational objectives reflect the leadership and work expectations which the principal establishes within the school and with the community. The educational model is translated into a clear language allocation policy that is reached by consensus between the principal and the teachers. The curriculum adaptations reflect the context and culture of the students, but without neglecting the educational objectives. The development of academic language (the language based on academic texts) is an element that attracts vast interest in American schools, but is ignored in many bilingual ones. The development of academic language occupies a central role in the curriculum of these five schools. This is, to a great extent, the result of the limited exposure to literacy that many students have had outside of the school environment. The final section of this article describes how these schools disregard the antagonism towards immigrants and bilingual education that is currently characteristic of the United States and focus on the quality of their programmes.     

English Language Proficiency and Bilingual Verbal Ability Among Chinese,Dominican, and Haitian Immigrant Students

This article describes English language proficiency and bilingual verbal ability for a sample of 209 students aged 10 to 16 from three immigrant groups—Chinese, Dominican, and Haitian. Sources of data included structured student interviews, parent interviews, and individual language assessments. On average, students' English language proficiency was far below their age and grade level with significant differences among the groups. Estimates of students' language ability improved once their skills in their first language were considered as demonstrated by the bilingual verbal ability scores. Results from this study demonstrate the need to consider both English and first language skills in assessing the language abilities of these students and in promoting educational access and equity for recent immigrants.     

论大学生语言素质的缺憾及对策

由于学校教育、社会环境等种种原因,当前大学生的母语素质不容乐观:语言规范意识淡薄,语言文字基础知识不扎实,表达能力捉襟见肘。高校应重视培养学生对祖国语言的情感,增强语言规范意识,弥补学生语言文字基础知识方面的不足,提高语言表达能力,让他们的语言文字素质能适应时代和社会。     

Literacy education and diversity: Toward equity in the teaching of reading and writing

The school-age population in North America is characterized by increasing linguistic, cultural, and ethnic diversity. The authors argue that non-mainstream students do not perform as well in schools as mainstream students (predominantly whilte, middle-class English speakers) because they are not equitably served by the educational system. They explore some of the complexities of educational equity and consider equity issues in the literacy education of language minority students from four different perspectives: individual student characteristics, sociocultural factors, language issues, and instructional issues. In support of their position, they examine each of these areas in turn, providing illustrations and analysis. They conclude with several principles upon which to build practices to make literacy education more equitable for all students.     

Successful students who are deaf in general education settings

The study identified successful students who were deaf and were receiving most of their educational services in general education settings, in order to examine factors contributing to their success. Teachers in a western state were asked to nominate students who were deaf who were in the upper elementary through high school grades and were receiving most of their educational services in general education classrooms. Qualitative procedures were used to gather information on 20 successful students who were deaf. Inquiry focused on observation of the students in general education settings and interviews to gather perceptions of (a) the successful students themselves, (b) deaf education teachers, educational interpreters, and paraprofessional note takers serving these students, (c) general education teachers working with these students, and (d) parents. The students' primary communication modes were closely divided between sign language and spoken English; communication mode did not seem to be a salient factor in success. Results of the interviews with each group, a summary of observations, and themes that emerged across groups are provided.     

贫困地区少数民族大学生英语学习障碍及解决

由于地理、环境、师资等因素的影响,在英语学习中,来自贫困地区的少数民族大学生比一般大学生面临更大的困难,遇到的语言学习障碍更多。在高校的大学英语教学中,英语教师应针对这些学生的实际情况进行相应的教学改革,解决他们学习英语的障碍,有效地提高他们的英语水平。     

论外语课堂中教师话语的问题及对策

就语言类课堂而言,教师话语不仅是学生话语的示范,更是影响学生语言学习环境的重要因素,其质量高低直接决定学生语言习得的效果。在我国外语课堂教学中,教师话语存在着话语量偏大、提问的开放性不够、师生言语互动偏少、教师的反馈缺乏对学生的激励和尊重等问题。为此,外语教师必须更新教学理念、转变课堂角色,完善教育知识、提升教师话语能力,加强教师话语反思、改进教师话语策略,才能进一步提高外语课堂教学水平,更好地促进学生的语言学习。     

THE MEDIUM IS NOT THE MESSAGE: IMPROVING AUSTRALIAN EDUCATIONAL AID TO PAPUA NEW GUINEA STUDENTS

Australia, like many developed countries expends a proportion of its budget in assisting lesser developed countries (LDC) in educational enterprises. Such efforts may have muted results if Australian educators assume that overseas students eventually adapt to their teaching. This paper argues that institutions which accept overseas students into their courses are obliged professionally to cater for students’ learning problems particularly, if the language of instruction is not the mother tongue. Often these problems have their genesis in the LDC because students are educated in a language in which their teachers’ themselves lack facility. Moreover, in the Papua New Guinea context the learning problems with English are associated with a lack of equivalence between the concepts in the academic discourse and the students’ existing conceptual framework. Learning problems in English are more about concept acquisition than translation.     

一种在线的基于视频语言学习系统的设计与分析

描述了一个在线的基于视频语言学习应用系统的创新型开发,并对其特点进行了全面分析。系统旨在提高学生对语言实例的认识,促进他们自主地进行语言学习。系统的简单性和灵活性等特点,使系统可以成为促进学生在语言学习中自我激励和自我导向的有效教育工具。     

Beginners and programming: insights from second language learning and teaching

This paper will consider issues that are important in the teaching and learning of programming to students in their first year of an undergraduate course in a computer science discipline. We will suggest that the current educational climate offers the opportunity to move the focus onto the learner and their experience, and that second language learning and teaching in the field of English as a Second, or Foreign, Language may be a fruitful area on which to draw. We will review a particular aspect of second language pedagogy-learner strategies-and discuss their applicability to students who are starting to learn how to program. We will consider ways in which these strategies might be useful to support learning programming at this level.     

如何运用谈话法与学生沟通

新教改要求教师在教育教学中运用语言艺术与学生沟通情感,捕捉最佳的教育时机,达到理想的教育目的。运用谈话法与学生沟通要做好充分准备;要营造轻松愉快的氛围;谈话方式要因人而异;要实事求是抓住事情的本质。     

Realigning capital portfolios: international students' educational experiences in higher education

This paper reports on first year experiences of international students who use English as an additional language (EAL) in higher education in Australia. It examines how valued resources can foster a positive educational experience of these students from sociological perspectives. It draws data from an interview study, exploring narrative accounts of 17 EAL international students from nine countries about their educational relations and strategies across their first year of study. Their narratives were analysed through Bourdieu's concepts of field, habitus, capital and legitimation, as well as tools of narrative inquiry. The paper finds that the students took up strategies to realign their capital portfolios with new rules of the game. Their decisions were dependent on their personal trajectories and conditions on offer. This paper suggests that more effort needs to be made to understand international students' differentiated access to valued resources in higher education.     

基于戏剧活动的真实语言学习

语言教师如今广泛运用戏剧活动来促进学生的语言学习。学生使用目的语制作视频或短片，实现了语言学习与艺术、流行文化的有效结合。戏剧活动亦有助于为学生创设真实语言学习情境，即真实世界成为教育体验的组成部分，学生使用真实语言。     

Academic Adjustment: The Other Side Of The Export Dollar

Asian students bring to Australia a very different educational and intellectual experience from that which awaits them in tertiary studies here. Traditional attitudes to knowledge and styles of learning can lead to severe problems of intellectual culture shock, especially in approaches to knowledge and academic authority. If these students are to make a successful adjustment to the styles of teaching and learning in Australia, they need specific assistance in methods of study and language development. Academic staff may also have to recognize these problems of transition by adapting their own styles of teaching. If in the course of their studies here these students do not become capable of independent thinking and a critical approach to their area of expertise, they may not be able to adapt their new knowledge to the needs and constraints of their home country on their return. This paper is based on the experience of the Study Skills Unit at the Australian National University in working with postgraduate and undergraduate overseas students, and on two extended study tours in Southeast Asia and Burma to gain understanding of the cultural and educational backgrounds of students from this region. It draws attention to the need for academic institutions to provide adequate support systems for any increased intake of overseas students.     

Policy and Practice in Language Support for Newly Arrived Migrant Children in Ireland and Spain

Over the last decades, migration across Europe has continued to increase. Consequently, offering educational support for migrant students in the schools of host countries has been an extensively debated issue across Europe and further afield, especially in countries with a history of immigration. However, less is known about how education systems in the ‘new’ immigration countries have responded to the needs of recently arrived migrants. This article focuses on language support measures set up for migrant students in state-funded schools in the Republic of Ireland and Spain – both multilingual countries with more than one official language and with a heterogeneous migrant population. In reviewing educational policy and practice in these jurisdictions in the areas of language support for migrants, this article seeks to contribute to the debate on challenges involved in supporting language acquisition by migrant students in formal educational settings.