基于有限元方法的薄板超声Lamb波频散曲线计算

采用基于有限元方法对薄板超声Lamb波频散曲线进行计算是一种有效的方法。首先,对自由边界条件下Raleigh-Lamb频率特征方程进行数值求解,求得铝板中超声Lamb波的理论频散曲线。然后,利用有限元数值模拟方法,研究不同频厚积时超声Lamb波在薄板结构中的传播过程,并分别计算10组不同频厚积对应的群速度和相速度大小,绘制了频厚积在2 MHz·mm以下范围的频散曲线。结果表明,该频散曲线与通过频率特征方程求解的超声Lamb波理论频散曲线相吻合。     

基于模态分析法的复合材料频散曲线特性

针对很难用传统的数值解析法求解Lamb波在复合材料中传播时的频散曲线,提出一种快而有效获得频散曲线的方法,通过有限元软件对结构进行模态分析来获得Lamb波在结构中传播时的频散曲线。首先对Lamb波在薄板结构中传播的频散现象进行模态分析,提取各阶模态相对应的固有频率,然后计算得不同频厚积下Lamb波在薄板中传播的的相速度和群速度大小;通过Matlab拟合出薄板的频散曲线。与数值方法得到的频散曲线进行了对比。结果表明,该方法获得的频散曲线与数值方法获得的频散曲线相吻合,证明了该方法的正确性,最后运用此方法绘制了Lamb波在复合材料中传播时的频散曲线。     

大气压等离子体层中微波传播的数值分析

用积分-微分波方程分析了大气压等离子体中微波的传播的一维衰减特性,用Z变换-FDTD方法描述了二维衰减特性.探讨了微波在大气压等离子体层中传播时电磁波的幅度和相移与电子密度及电子中子碰撞之间的关系.给出大气压等离子体层物理特性参数(如宽度、电子密度、碰撞频率)对传输波特性的影响.     

爆炸应力波传播及衰减规律研究

本文以地下工程开挖钻爆法为研究主体,深入分析了爆炸应力波传播及衰减规律,针对粉碎区和裂隙区分别构建了相应径向应力和切向应力的计算公式,并给出了粉碎区大致范围.分析认为爆炸应力波传播及衰减规律的研究关键是获取炮孔孔壁处冲击波波速、冲击波峰值压力和质点振动速度三个参数,未来提高爆炸应力波传播及衰减规律研究精度可从此三参数着手努力.     

声速测井与VSP速度对比研究

声速测井与VSP速度分析都能够反应岩层声波速度,但其各有优劣.以研究VSP速度分析与声速测井误差的影响因素为基础,通过实例分析,讨论井中泥浆和井壁垮塌等因素对于声速测井的测量结果的干扰.由对比分析结果认为：首先VSP平均速度测量相比声速测井来说更为可靠;其次在受泥浆滤液及井壁垮塌影响较为严重的层段,声速测井受干扰影响误差较大.因此,VSP的层速度分析结果同样更为准确;而声速测井的优势在于分辨率高于VSP.     

毫米脉冲波在雾媒质中的传输效应

应用傅立叶时域积分近似解方法对毫米脉冲波通过雾媒质时的传输特性进行了研究和分析,得出了脉冲畸变、频移随频率、能见度及传播距离的变化关系,讨论了脉冲畸变与传播常数二阶导数的关系,得出脉冲畸变的规律,并进行了脉冲畸变仿真。对研究脉冲波在雨、雾等离散随机媒质中的传输效应研究有重要的理论参考价值。     

期末专题复习攻略

声现象篇一、基础梳理1.声音的产生和传播条件、声速的大小(声音在15℃空气中的传播速度是340m／s)及影响声速的因素、声音的特性及其决定因素.     

主应力轴旋转条件下粘土的各向异性和非共轴特性(英文)

研究目的:研究主应力轴旋转条件下粘土的非共轴塑性流动规律和内在机理,并分析土体初始各向异性、中主应力系数、剪应力水平等对非共轴塑性流动特性的影响。创新要点:对主应力轴旋转条件下粘土塑性应变增量方向的规律和内在机理及影响因素进行分析,为考虑主应力轴旋转影响的粘土本构模型的建立提供了试验依据。研究方法:通过对比试验,研究原状粘土和重塑粘土的非共轴塑性流动特性,对非共轴塑性流动的规律和内在机理及影响因素进行分析。重要结论:主应力旋转剪切条件下,粘土的塑性主应变增量方向与主应力方向存在显著差异。非共轴特性不完全取决于土体的各向异性特性,受应力路径的影响也较大。     

双质点摩擦滑移隔震结构非线性分析

采用小波变换方法分析了双质点摩擦滑移隔震结构时频特性,结果表明：摩擦滑移隔震结构的动力特性与其运动形态有关,隔震层摩擦系数的改变对结构频率非线性影响较小,对阻尼非线性影响较大.     

各向异性介质中的谐和粘弹性波衰减特性分析

研究了各向异性介质中的谐和粘弹性波的衰减特性，并利用其特征值理论证明了粘弹性介质总是耗散的，在其中传播的波将以指数形式衰减，即耗散介质总具有线性稳定性，而且随着阻尼的增大，介质消耗的能量将越大，波矢量的虚实部比是介质耗散大小的度量。     

Influence of water saturation on propagation of elastic waves in transversely isotropic nearly saturated soil

Biot's two-phase theory for fluid-saturated porous media was applied in a study carried out to investigate the influence of water saturation on propagation of elastic wave in transversely isotropic nearly saturated soil. The characteristic equations for wave propagation were derived and solved analytically. The results showed that there are four waves: the first and second quasi-longitudinal waves (QP1 and QP2), the quasi-transverse wave (QSV) and the anti-plane transverse wave (SH). Numerical results are given to illustrate the influence of saturation on the velocity, dispersion and attenuation of the four body waves. Some typical numerical results are discussed and plotted. The results can be meaningful for soil dynamics and earthquake engineering.     

Influence of water saturation on propagation of elastic waves in transversely isotropic nearly saturated soil

INTRODUCTIONIthaslongbeenrecognizedthatcompression alwavespropagationinsaturatedsoilsisstronglyaffectedbythewaterfillingtheintersticesofthesoilgrains.HardinandRichart(1 963 )appliedthetwo phasetheoryofBiot(1 956)andstudiedtheinfluenceoftheconfiningpressur…     

电磁波穿过DNG媒质时的传播特性分析

针对广泛关注的DNG媒质(负折射率媒质),以有损耗的Drude型媒质为模型,对电磁波穿过DNG媒质的平行板时的传播特性做了理论分析;采用FDTD方法对正弦电磁波穿过DNG媒质的平行板的传播过程进行了数值建模,数值模拟的结果证明了正弦电磁波在穿过DNG媒质的平行板时仍然具有相速度与群速度方向相反的特性,为DNG媒质的广泛应用提供了理论基础.     

论群速相速概念与电磁波传播模式

文章研究了电磁波传播的群速与相速概念，论证了信号传送与能量传递的必然联系。研究了波导模式理论与单模传播条件，电磁波在等离子体中传播时的信号传送速度，并讨论了传输线的色散问题。     

Numerical Simulation of Surface Acoustic Wave and Detection of Surface Crack in Steel

The surface acoustic wave (SAW) propagating in a sample of steel is simulated by using finite element method (FEM). The waves are excited by a load function with propagation properties such as phase velocity dispersion and wide bandwidth. A two-dimensional model consisting of surface defects loaded with a wideband 50-200 MHz and short time 0.1 μs displacement function is investigated in the time and frequency domains. By transient dynamic analysis, Fourier transform and dispersion calculation, snapshots of propagating wave and responses from sensing points are presented. It is indicated that this supervision approach is sensitive to the surface cracks and reflections.     

Propagation and Attenuation Characteristics of Diesel Particulate Filter

Diesel particulate filter （DPF） is an important factor which influences the sound from exhaust system of an engine. In order to underst and the propagation law of sound wave and predictthe insertion loss in DPF, based on the general aero-dynamic equations and Darcy＇s law, an acoustic property calculation model of DPF is constructed. Propagation and attenuation characteristics of the forward and backward propagating acoustic waves in the close and open pipe of the filter are investigated. The theoretical model is combined with experiment to investigate sound attenuation property of DPF. The insertion loss obtained from the experiment is compared with that computed for a DPF. The results from the experiment and theoretical calculation agree well.     

一维Metamaterials中电磁波因果关系探讨

Metamaterials中的因果关系问题是一个有待解决的基本问题。对传输线结构的一维Metamaterials进行了电路仿真,仿真结果表明,Metamaterials中的电磁波遵守因果关系律,稳态下的负相速度是暂态过程中的“频率变化”的结果。     

固体中激光等离子体波前传输特性研究

根据激光等离子体波前在固体中传播的约束条件，导出了固体中激光等离子体波前中远场传播公式，定义了准马赫数，发现固体中激光等离子体波前声子的马赫数等于该波前相对于电磁声子的准马赫数与电磁声子相对于空气中声速马赫数的乘积，波前传播半径和速度随时间而迅速减小。     

水松扦插繁殖技术的研究

水松为我国特有的珍稀濒危树种。本研究对水松扦插繁殖技术进行了探讨。通过研究母树年龄,采条部位,扦插基质,激素种类、浓度与处理时间,基因型等因素对水松扦插成活率的影响,初步总结出一套水松扦插繁殖技术。以1a生或2a生实生苗顶部枝条为插穗,用2000ppmIBA速蘸处理30s或用100ppmNAA浸泡插穗基部2h,然后扦插在混合基质（草炭：珍珠岩=7：3）中,可以获得较为理想的结果,扦插成活率可达85％以上。试验还发现,不同基因型间生根能力差异显著,表明通过优良单株选择可改良水松的生根特性。     

Ground-borne vibrations due to dynamic loadings from moving trains in subway tunnels

In this study, ground vibrations due to dynamic loadings from trains moving in subway tunnels were investigated using a 2.5D finite element model of an underground tunnel and surrounding soil interactions. In our model, wave propagation in the infinitely extended ground is dealt with using a simple, yet efficient gradually damped artificial boundary. Based on the assumption of invariant geometry and material distribution in the tunnel??s direction, the Fourier transform of the spatial dimension in this direction is applied to represent the waves in terms of the wave-number. Finite element discretization is employed in the cross-section perpendicular to the tunnel direction and the governing equations are solved for every discrete wave-number. The 3D ground responses are calculated from the wave-number expansion by employing the inverse Fourier transform. The accuracy of the proposed analysis method is verified by a semi-analytical solution of a rectangular load moving inside a soil stratum. A case study of subway train induced ground vibration is presented and the dependency of wave attenuation at the ground surface on the vibration frequency of the moving load is discussed.