Charting the development of knowledge on Soviet and post-Soviet education through the pages of comparative and international education journals

This paper examines 126 research articles from three comparative education journals to chart the development of knowledge within comparative education on the Soviet Union and post-Soviet countries. Thematic, theoretical, discursive, and methodological aspects of scholarship are linked with changing geopolitical realities in a systematic analysis of scholarship published since the late 1950s. A new framework of multi-layered colonialism is introduced to explore different features of the double disadvantage that comparative education knowledge production on post-Soviet countries has faced – Russian imperialism and Western academic colonialism. The paper contributes to comparative education knowledge creation by historicising our understanding of Western academic output and outlining a potential future direction in the development of knowledge on post-Soviet systems, policies, and practices of education.     

对西方国家助学贷款制度和发展状况的研究及启示

文章在着重介绍美国、澳大利亚以及欧盟各国助学贷款制度及发展状况的基础上，对我国当前的国家助学贷款制度的不足之处进行了分析，并结合上述诸国的经验提出了问题解决的途径。     

外国教育史学科发展的世纪回顾与断想

外国教育史学科在我国已有近百年的历史，曾经历两次发展的高峰期，但近些年因种种原因步入低谷，危机四伏。因此，复兴外国教育史学科成为外国教育史工作的当务之急。     

高等教育学费和学生资助政策

在高等教育投入的多元化趋势中,伴随着高校收费政策的实施,学生资助问题成为国家宏观教育政策关注的重点领域.本文在国际高等教育投入和学生资助模式比较分析的基础上,对我国高等教育学费和学生资助提出政策建议.争取除学费外的其他社会投入应成为中国进一步筹措高等教育经费的重点;在确定高等教育学费时应兼顾培养成本和人均收入水平;同时要建立和完善多元化的学生资助体系.     

试析菲律宾私立高等教育的政府资助体系

私立高等教育在菲律宾高等教育体系中一直占有重要地位,并为该国的经济建设和社会发展作出了很大贡献。为了提高私立高等教育的质量,菲律宾政府在学校建设、学生学业和教师发展等方面向私立院校提供了大量资助,但资助体系本身也存在一些问题。     

Marketisation of higher education and dual-track tuition fee system in post-Soviet countries

The marketization of higher education in the 15 countries that were formally part of the USSR has established a system model that is distinctive within world higher education, the dual-track tuition system. The foundations of this model were established in the economic liberalization of late Soviet period which facilitated a common pattern in higher education across the post-Soviet countries. Although a private sector has been established, the primary mode of marketization has taken place within the public sector. This remains dominant but has been split into two heterogenous segments in terms of funding and student selection. National systems, and individual institutions, have become divided between state-subsidized higher scoring students, and fee-paying lower performing students, creating different valuations and behaviours for the two segments. National standardized testing is an important instrument of marketization, shaping student selection and institutional differentiation and legitimating the unequal social outcomes that result. Empirical comparison across the 15 countries demonstrates a high level of privatisation of costs, largely because of private funding within public sector. This system model, which is incoherent and fosters a large-scale commitment to non-excellence, reflects a larger duality within post-Soviet societies and polities which remains unresolved. Higher education is riven between the Soviet egalitarian legacy of higher education as a public good, and the post-Soviet moment of the late 1980s and 1990s in which policy shaped by Anglo-American neoliberal thinking set out to turn education into a consumer choice on the basis of an abstract formula of the ideal market.     

安徽省农村社会救助体系发展现状和对策

分析安徽省农村社会救助体系发展现状,从完善社会救助法律体系、建立社会救助工作综合协调机制、拓展社会救助资金渠道、建立社会救助工作监督机制、建设基层社会救助工作队伍等方面出发,通过单项制度优化、以低保为入口、分类型区一体化、救助方式整合等方式建立农村社会救助体系建设的过渡模式,以此过渡到城乡统筹的目标模式。     

发达国家研究生教育管理模式探析

发达国家研究生教育的外部管理模式,可以划分为三种典型的类型,即集权管理模式、分权管理模式以及集权与分权相结合的混合型管理模式。发达国家研究生教育的内部管理模式也可以分为三种类型,即学校统筹管理模式、研究生院制度管理模式和讲座制管理模式。各种模式之中又有一些具体的亚模式,在各国之间也存在一些差异。     

发达国家终身教育发展的特征及其启示

发达国家终身教育的发展已历三十余年,积累了丰富的实践经验,形成了较为成熟的终身教育理论体系。比较研究发达国家终身教育发展的特征,借鉴发达国家成熟的终身教育理论和丰富的终身教育实践经验,可为在此领域处于起步阶段的我国开展终身教育,构建终身教育体系、学习化社会提供重要启示。     

发达国家教育人员国际流动探讨

20世纪 90年代以来发达国家高等教育国际化的内涵不断丰富和扩展 ,其中人员的国际流动成为最基本的形式之一。各国积极采取措施 ,吸纳外国留学生 ,推进访问学者互访 ,鼓励本国学生到海外学习 ,并创建网络大学等新的交流模式。我国应进一步完善政策法规 ,加快高校内部改革 ,大力发展网络教育 ,以更好地适应高等教育国际化的趋势。     

心理资助与经济资助相结合创新助困工作

贫困生问题不仅是个经济问题,而且也是个政治问题,它关系到高校和社会的稳定。贫困生的经济状况使他们面临着学习和生活的双重压力,大多有焦虑、自卑、封闭、依赖等心理。针对贫困生特点,创新贫困生资助工作,在进行经济资助的同时,也要进行心理资助,引导他们立志在困境中奋进,成长为全面发展之人。     

试论高校贫困生经济资助与思想教育结合的途径

当前,在高校贫困生的资助和教育工作中,存在着重物质帮助轻思想教育的现象。高校应遵循坚持解决思想问题与解决实际问题相结合的原则,在做好经济资助工作的同时,加强对贫困大学生进行理想信念教育,艰苦奋斗精神教育,自立自强品格教育,诚信法律意识教育和心理健康教育,提高贫困大学生思想品德素质,帮助贫困大学生成长成才。     

The inclusion of inclusive education in international development: Lessons from Papua New Guinea

A new ‘inclusive’ curriculum has been introduced in Papua New Guinea, with significant levels of support from a bilateral development agency. The curriculum is inclusive in the sense that it is designed to meet the diverse, complex, and ever-changing needs of students. Research indicates the curriculum has been shaped by various influences, most particularly Western educational ideology. Research in remote rural schools revealed that stakeholders were unable and unwilling to adopt many of the precepts of the new curriculum. Broader analysis indicates that this is likely to be the case elsewhere in PNG. In the light of these findings, it is proposed that international development agencies (IDAs), if they wish to effectively promote inclusive education, should become more ‘inclusive’ organisations – in the sense that they should adopt more responsive and participatory approaches in low income countries.     

浅谈我国民事诉讼中的执行救济制度

从分析我国民事诉讼中的执行救济制度现状入手，借鉴我国台湾地区的执行救济制度，论述我国现行执行救济制度的特点并指出其存在的缺陷．以期对我国民事诉讼中的执行救济制度之完善提出一些浅见。     

从半岛电视台看发展中国家如何提高国际传播力

本文从半岛电视台的成功崛起出发,探讨发展中国家尤其是我国如何提高国际传播力,与发达国家在话语空间抗衡。     

A meta-look at meta-studies of the effectiveness of development assistance to education

What insights and generalisations can be drawn from looking across the work of multiple governmental and non-governmental organisations aimed at supporting basic education in low and medium income countries? To address this question, this study analysed findings of nine evaluation meta-studies completed by international assistance organisations, each of which was examining the effectiveness of their work in basic education over a multi-year period. The value of the underlying project activities reviewed in these evaluations represents $6–$6–8 billion. Studies analysed with respect to (a) the criteria each used to judge success of their underlying projects, (b) the extent to which these studies focused on outcomes and impacts, (c) the extent to which projects were judged sustainable, (d) the adequacy of the project-level evaluations being reviewed, (e) what the underlying projects accomplished, (f) weaknesses identified in underlying project designs and (g) cost. A major weakness identified in almost all of the meta-studies reviewed was the paucity of evidence regarding the impact of the project activities in promoting student learning outcomes.