中长跑技术的研究动态

运用文献资料法,总结国内外中长跑技术的研究成果及最新动态。结果表明:近年来,国内外对中长跑技术的研究缺乏突破和创新。主要表现在:研究还是从二维平面角度,探讨中长跑运动员途中跑技术的运动学特征,而对运动员途中跑技术三维空间运动学和动力学特征缺少研究。在此基础上笔者也对今后中长跑技术的研究方向给予了展望。     

跨栏跑动作技术教法研究

跨栏跑在高师田径运动径赛技术教学中是一项难度较大的教学内容 ,为了使学生能在有限的教学时数内更好地掌握跨栏跑技术 ,我们对跨栏跑技术的教学步骤、教学的重点与难点、讲解与示范方法、跑跨与跨跑、栏间跑节奏练习手段等问题进行了研究     

200m跑速度耐力训练初探

200m属于短跑中耐力较强的项目，不仅要求运动员具有良好的速度，而且还要有保持速度的能力即耐力。可以通过在训练中放松肌肉束促进速度耐力的提高，同时在发展无氧代谢能力的同时要以发展有氧代谢能力为基础。     

400m跑训练之外的强力手段

400m跑运动员的专项训练关键是发展运动员的专项速度耐力，并尽力能在比赛中保持较长时间的最高速度。从运动生理学、运动营养学、运动补剂等角度出发，论述了利用专项训练之外的一些强力手段，以提高400m跑运动员的速度耐力。     

中长跑途中跑技术的教学方法

采用文献资料法、调查法和教学实验法,对普通高校体育教学中长跑途中跑技术专门练习方法、直道跑和弯道跑技术教学方法进行了研究。     

Changes in technique within a sprint hurdle run

The aim of this study was to understand changes in technique within an athlete's own performance during a sprint hurdles run. Four athletes performed a training session containing four trials each over 10 hurdles. Clearances at hurdles three and nine were videotaped from a side view and manually digitised. All athletes in this study yielded a lower running speed over the hurdle at the ninth hurdle in comparison to the third hurdle in each run. All athletes also showed further signs of potential tiredness in the clearances of the ninth hurdle. Interestingly, these changes in technique varied among the athletes. This poses challenges to coaches, as they need to evaluate individually what changes in training should be introduced to keep the quality of clearances as high as possible throughout training. To match more closely the velocities to those in competitions, consideration could be given in training to shorten gradually the distances between the hurdles more during the latter part of the run, although this should be individually checked, based on the athlete. This way, athletes could learn to clear the hurdle with a higher horizontal velocity, even when fatigue is potentially influencing the performance.     

800 m跑抢道标志线划法的疑议

800m抢道标志线从原来划等弧到现在划渐开线的曲线型划法，其理论上是正确的，但在实际操作过程中很难划规范和准确。通过裁判实践、查阅文献和专家座谈，重新计算了切入差并提出将抢道标志线划成直线，并划在第二直、曲段分界线前，优于曲线型划法，能为运动员、裁判员提供更加便利的判定方法，且不影响竞赛的公平性和起跑位置的变化。     

放松技术在100m跑中的意义

针对100m跑中腿部环节动作的放松、摆臂动作的放松和全程技术中的放松技术进行阐述，认为放松技术不仅使100m跑技术更合理化，而且更体现了技术的节能化。     

论中长跑的早期化训练

对少年儿童在中长跑项目的早期化训练问题，从中长跑项目的本身特点和少年儿童的身体发育特点方面进行了分析和探讨，认为中长跑项目的早期化训练是可行的，也是必要的，并提出了进行早期化训练应注意的问题。     

Feasibility and concurrent validity of a cardiorespiratory fitness test based on the adaptation of the original 20 m shuttle run: The 20 m shuttle run with music

ABSTRACT

The purpose was to examine the feasibility of the 20m shuttle run test with music and to test its concurrent validity with the original 20m shuttle run test. A total of 386 adolescents (14.5±1.6 years old, 48.9% boys) participated in our study. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess student’s perception about the 20m shuttle run test with music and the original and to assess perceived exertion. Participants performed randomly the 20m shuttle run test with music and original two weeks apart. Average and maximum heart rate were monitored with heart rate monitors. The 20m shuttle run with music was a feasible test for measuring cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents. The concurrent validity showed mean differences of 5.1±14.6 for shuttles, 0.3±0.8 km/h for speed, 0.5±4.1 for stages, and 1.5±4.1 for VO2max (all p<0.001) in favour of the 20m shuttle run with music vs. the original 20m shuttle run test. Mean difference for the rating of perceived exertion was 0.4±2.5 points (p=0.003). No significant difference was found between boys and girls. In conclusion, the 20mSRT-music is feasible and presents a good concurrent validity in adolescents, independently of the sex and it will be an alternative and good approach to assess cardiorespiratory fitness.     

被扭曲的转型:当代艺术进入瓶颈期

如果将2000年上海双年展看作当代艺术在中国合法化转型的开始,2011年上海美术馆解体为中华艺术宫和上海当代博物馆,以及拍卖业绩的衰落,这预示着当代艺术以一种硬着陆式的转型告一段落,并进入一个先天不足和被扭曲的发展瓶颈期。当代艺术如同一架飞机硬着陆式的坠地,不免伤痕累累遭受重创。这架飞机在十年转型中表现出四大困境:1.合法化只取得一个"被统战"对象的地位,但其批判     

RunTex: A community landmark run out of business

The case follows Paul Carrozza and his journey in building a once highly successful running shoe store in Austin, TX. The case presents newspaper accounts and other publicly available information regarding Carrozza and the store he built and ultimately had to close, RunTex. Specifically, the case offers both undergraduate and graduate students the opportunity to evaluate the repercussions of a business that fails to engage in strategic planning. As a result, this case provides the ideal backdrop for instructors to convey the significance and obligation for future sport managers to understand the importance of strategic management. The case is primarily intended for use in strategic management, organizational behavior, and/or sport marketing courses wishing to highlight CSR strategies.     

跳远助跑与起跳相结合问题的探讨

优秀跳远运动员要提高训练水平 ,创造优秀成绩 ,集中表现在助跑与起跳相结合这个关键问题上。多年来 ,我国各级跳远教练员围绕着这个问题不断地进行探索和实践。因此 ,探讨跳远助跑与起跳相关的因素 ,有助于对跳远技术理论更全面、更深入的理解和认识     

我国400m跑训练应注意的10个新动向

通过献资料法，统计对比法及本人多年的训练实践，在分析大量有关资料的基础上，根据400m跑训练发展的动向，针对我国目前400m跑训练中存在的问题，提出了以“速度”为中心，以“速度耐力”和“专项力量”为两翼，以短补长，以长补短，长短互补，全面发展的训练思路。     

适应社会需求 办出体院特色——对体育学院办学模式的探索

本文在大量的调查研究基础上,全面总结了30多年高等体育教育办学的历史经验;充分论证了在有计划的商品经济条件下,高等体育教育改革的主客观依据;系统地提出了从系科改革入手,改革教学计划、教学大纲和课程设置的可行性方案;最后得出深化体育学院教育改革的几点结论。     

浙江省民办学校体育教学若干问题研究

运用问卷调查法、访谈法对浙江省16所民办学校的体育教学现状进行了调查研究,结果表明:民办学校有较大的教学内容增删权;民办学校在活动场地、器材、经费等方面占有一定的优势;民办学校体育教师已基本转变新课程教学目标的观念;民办学校课外体育活动基本保证了学生1小时以上的活动时间,但仍应提高体育教师的课外活动补助费.     

中长跑教学中的理论要点

通过加强理论要点和科学锻炼的方法的选择，使枯燥无味的中长跑教学变为趣味性，知识性强的教学活动，抓住其理论要点，使学生在学习中不但增强体能。获得技能，同时获得中长跑相关的理论知识，使之相学相长。     

Foot posture alteration and recovery following a full marathon run

Prolonged running results in lowering of the foot arch and a low arch is associated with subsequent chronic injuries. Foot posture alteration and recovery following a marathon run remain unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate foot posture alteration following a full marathon run. The three-dimensional foot posture data of 11 collegiate runners were obtained using an optical foot scanner system before, and immediately, 1 day, 3 days, and 8 days after a full marathon. The navicular height and arch height ratio significantly decreased from before to immediately, 1 day, 3 days, and 8 days after the marathon (navicular height: before, 44.2?±?5.0?mm; immediately after, 39.4?±?5.5?mm; 1 day, 37.7?±?6.2?mm; 3 days, 38.7?±?5.5?mm; 8 days, 37.6?±?5.7?mm; arch height ratio: before, 18.4?±?1.9; immediately after, 16.5?±?2.5; 1 day, 15.7?±?2.5; 3 days, 16.2?±?2.6; 8 days, 15.6?±?2.2, P?, respectively). By contrast, the dorsal height significantly increased from before and immediately after to 1 day after the marathon, and then significantly decreased until 8 days after the marathon (P?). These results indicate that the recovery patterns of the dorsal and navicular heights following a marathon did not coincide; the dorsal height rose temporally at 1 day after and subsequently decreased, but the navicular height decreased throughout the 8-day period after the marathon. More than one week may be necessary for sufficient foot alignment recovery from marathon-induced changes.