INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON HIGHER EDUCATION AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Quite a large number of international meetings devoted to issues concerning higher education are organized each year. The problems of their contribution to the further development of higher education and research in this field are raised in a thought‐provoking article written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Professor E.A. van Trotsenburg, President of the European Association for Research and Development in Higher Education (EARDHE) and Director of the Institute of International Science and University Didactics, University of Klagenfurt.     

论中国高等教育的发展及其对中国国家和地区发展的贡献分析

20世纪90年代后期以来,中国迅速跻身为世界经济发展最快的国家之一,与此同时,中国的高等教育也被推到了国家和地区发展的最前沿。本篇论文就这一背景下中国高等教育传统与现代性的交互作用进行了分析和研究。     

DISCUSSION PAPERS OF THE CEPES ROUND TABLE ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN EUROPE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHANGING SXIETIES

We continue to publish extracts from the discussion papers presented by participants at the CEPES Round Table on the Contribution of Higher Education in Europe to the Development of Changing Societies, held in Bucharest from 21 to 23 September 1976. Previous papers were published in the January‐February 1977 issue of this Bulletin.

The full text of these papers and the working documents of the Round Table will be published by CEPES, in the near future, in the form of a monograph.     

DISCUSSION PAPERS OF THE CEPES ROUND TABLE ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN EUROPE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHANGING SOCIETIES

The November‐December 1976 issue of this Bulletin gave information on the work of the CEPES Round Table on the Contribution of Higher Education in Europe to the Development of Changing Societies, which was held in Bucharest from 21 to 23 September 1976. In this and the next issues we are publishing resumes of the discussion papers presented by participants at the meeting.

The full text of these papers and the working documents of the Round Table will be published by CEPES, in the near future, in the form of a monograph.     

DISCUSSION PAPERS OF THE CEPES ROUND TABLE ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN EUROPE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHANGING SOCIETIES

We continue to publish extracts from the discussion papers presented by participants at the CEPES Round Table on the Contribution of Higher Education in Europe to the Development of Changing Societies, held in Bucharest from 21 to 23 September 1976. Previous papers were published in the January‐February 1977 issue of this Bulletin.

The full text of these papers and the working documents of the Round Table will be published by CEPES, in the near future, in the form of a monograph.     

THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN EUROPE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHANGING SOCIETIES ‐ CEPES ROUND TABLE

The aim of the CEPES Round Table on The Contribution of Higher Education in Europe to the Development of Changing Societies (Bucharest, 21‐23 September 1976) was to exchange ideas and experience on the role of higher education in Europe in view of the general changes in present‐day society, and also with regard to the Final Act of the Helsinki Conference on Security and Co‐operation in Europe. The following eleven participants took part in the meeting:

• Professor György Adam (Hungary), Rector of Budapest University;

• Professor Gunnar Adler‐Karlsson (Sweden), Roskilde University;

• Professor Hélène Ahrweiler (France), President of the University of Paris I;

• Professor Johan Galtung (Norway), Director General of the Inter‐University Centre of Post‐Graduate Studies in Dubrovnik;

• Dr. Stefan Kwiatkowski (Poland), Deputy Director of the Institute of Science Policy and Higher Education in Warsaw;

• Professor Mircea Malita (Romania), Bucharest University,’ Counsellor to the President of the Socialist Republic of Romania;

• Professor Manfred Nast (GDR), Secretary to the Council of Higher Education Institutions of the German Democratic Republic;

• Professor James A. Perkins (USA), Chairman of the International Council for Educational Development (ICED);

• Professor Branko Pribicevic (Yugoslavia), Belgrade University;

• Professor Ludwig Raiser (FRG), President of the Standing Conference of Rectors and Vice‐chancellors of the European Universities (CRE);

Professor Yuri Zhdanov (USSR), Rector of Rostov University.

Also at the meeting were observers and representatives from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Council of Europe, International Association of Universities (IAU), the European Cultural Foundation and Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Frangaise (AUPELF).

The meeting was opened by the Representative of the Director General of UNESCO, Mr. René Ochs, Director of the Division of Higher Education and of Training of Education Personnel.

H.E. Mrs. Suzana Gddea, Minister of Education and Learning of the Socialist Republic of Romania, addressed the meeting during the inaugural session on behalf of the Romanian Government.

We give below a summary of the discussions. This is not an official report of the meeting. (For further information on this meeting and its follow‐up see page 32 in this issue.)     

USSR: UPGRADING AS A PART OF LIFELONG EDUCATION AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO DEMOCRATIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Upgrading of professional knowledge and skills is an important factor in the concept of lifelong education. The following article tells how this important component is integrated into the USSR's higher education system. The article is based on a paper presented by Professor Dimitri Vasilyev, Head of the Department of Executive Teaching and Research Personnel at the Ministry of Higher and Specialized Secondary Education of the USSR, during the Consultation for the Preparation .of a Study on Recurrent Education and its Contribution to the Democratization of Higher Education in the Context of Lifelong Education, which was held at Unesco Headquarters in Paris on 23 and 24 April 1979.     

试论我国高等教育在建设学习型社会中的作用

本文探讨构成学习型社会的基本条件和基本特征 ,以及学习型社会中我国高等教育新的使命。在全面建设小康社会的进程中 ,必须把不断提高人民大众的科学文化知识水平 ,形成全民的学习型社会作为一项重大的战略任务。高等教育在形成学习型社会中 ,应发挥其先导作用 ,并成为实施终身教育的主体力量。     

论高等教育的基本性质

高等教育究竟具有什么样的性质?答案众说纷纭。有两种具有代表性的观点:一是认为高等教育的基本性质是教育的专业性;二是认为高等教育的基本性质是学问的高深性。本文在评析这两种观点的基础上,提出了关于高等教育的“三性说”,即高等教育具有学术性、职业性和人文性,三者相辅相成,存在和统一于各种类型的高等教育之中,构成高等教育的基本性质体系。     

THE UNITED STATES: DEVELOPMENT OF THE TWO‐YEAR INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

In recent years, the development and continuing growth of two‐year, colleges have altered the traditional pattern of higher education in the United States. At the same time there is a substantial change in the age pattern of people going to colleges.

The information presented below reflects these developments.     

A PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PERSPECTIVE ON THE STUDY OF HIGHER EDUCATION

This article explores the relationship between higher education research and the study of public administration, the concpetual perspectives of which are useful for understanding the links between government policy‐making and higher education. A short introduction to the study of public administration is followed by the presentation of six newly evolved concepts of public administration which are labeled as follows: comprehensive rationality, the community action approach, the public choice approach, political systems theory, policy sciences, and contingency and inter‐organizational approaches. All of these have contributed to the eclecticism and the conceptual pluralism of the discipline of public administration as a whole. Having been adapted to the theoretical underpinnings of the administration of higher education, these six concepts have stimulated the development of four theoretical models for the analysis of decision‐making processes in higher education: the analytical or rational actor model, the garbage can or organized anarchy model, the collegiality model, and the political model. Specific problems in higher education administration have been addressed, as they have arisen, with reference to one or more of the six concepts and the four decision‐making models. For the future, the public administration approach to higher education will be most likely to draw upon the study of co‐ordination mechanisms in collective decision‐making processes and the comparative analysis of the external functions and performances of government.     

学生就业再次呼唤高等教育多样化

引语 :我国高等教育在世纪之交经历了大规模的扩招 ,大量高校毕业生进入劳动力市场 ,引发了社会对高等教育发展的广泛关注。我国的劳动力市场究竟需要什么样的大学生 ?未来高校毕业生就业状况会有哪些变化 ?高等教育应该如何面对毕业生就业的压力 ?……这一系列问题既不是纯粹的教育问题 ,也不是纯粹的经济问题。毕业生就业和高等教育发展密切相关。组织本次笔谈之初衷在于试图打破某一专业研究的思维定势 ,深化对高校毕业生就业和高等教育发展的认识 ,因此特邀学科背景不同、学术个性卓尔不群的学者阐述他们对毕业生就业问题的观点和对高等教育发展的关怀。     

比较与借鉴：地方高教学会改革发展的理性思考

地方高教学会是省级群众性的社会组织,具有学术性、区域性、专业性、非营利性等的特征,以科研、咨询、中介、服务、交流为主要职能,积极为地方高等教育改革与发展事业服务。以评选2013年度中国高等教育学会先进团体候选单位申报材料为依托,分析并比较地方高教学会的业务范围、组织架构、人员构成、运行机制等多方面的经验,总结其共性与特色,为形成地方高教学会长效发展提供可资借鉴之处。     

THE PRESENT CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN ACADEMIC EXCHANGE: THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE TO EUROPEAN CO‐OPERATION IN THE DOMAIN OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH

This article outlines the activities of the Council of Europe in favour of inter‐university co‐operation and exchange. First, the role and tasks of the CC‐PU and then the work programme of the Council of Europe on higher education and research are examined. With regard to academic mobility and European inter‐university co‐operation, the Transfrontier Regional University Co‐operation Programme, the European Postgraduate Training Programme, and the Inter‐university Co‐operation Programme between Europe and Latin America are described. Finally, both the European Networks for Scientific and Technical Co‐operation and the Open Partial Agreement on the Prevention of, Protection Against, and Organisation of Relief in Major Natural and Technological Disasters and their constituent activities are evoked.