儿童注意缺陷多动障碍

意缺陷多动障碍俗称多动症,儿童调皮好动,当多动达到一定的严重程度并可能有较严重的注意缺陷,同时这些行为表现的严重度已超出了正常同龄儿应有的范围,如在应该保持安静的场合下而不能控制自己的行动时才考虑患有多动症。 注意缺陷多动障碍是儿童期最常见的行为障碍之一,在学龄儿童中的发病率估计在3-5％。男孩大约是女孩的三倍,这些孩子的智力一般在正常范围。他们中大部分都没去医院看医生,失去了诊断和治疗的机会。[编者按]     

儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的学校干预研究回顾

回顾了国内外关于学校开展儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(简称ADHD)干预的研究,对ADHD的治疗和干预研究现状以及学校开展干预的措施进行了总结,其中包括单项干预措施和综合干预措施。最后作出结论,相对其他ADHD干预,学校干预对于改善ADHD学生的人际交往以及提高其学业成绩更具有优势。     

儿童注意缺陷多动障碍研究现状

注意缺陷多动障碍主要表现为与儿童年龄不相适应的冲动、多动、注意力不集中等行为特征的心理疾病.目前发病原因尚不明确,普遍认为是由遗传与环境多重因素导致,治疗方法主要分为药物治疗与心理治疗.     

基于家庭动力学的儿童注意缺陷多动障碍干预研究

注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种常见的儿童行为障碍,主要表现为注意力分散、活动过多和冲动行为。本文基于家庭动力学理论,对ADHD的病因、治疗和干预研究现状以及家庭开展的干预措施进行总结,为今后注意缺陷多动障碍儿童在家庭治疗和干预方面提供依据。     

注意缺陷多动障碍儿童社会交往问题教育干预研究述评

注意缺陷多动障碍儿童在社交方面存在显著困难,教育干预对其提高人际交往技能和社会适应性具有显著作用.该领域的研究主要集中在注意缺陷多动障碍儿童社交问题的家庭干预、群体干预、综合干预方面.后继研究应扩大研究对象的类型,进一步提高干预的可迁移性.     

儿童注意缺陷多动障碍研究现状与动向

儿童注意缺陷多动障碍是一种发展性的异常,是儿童期最为常见的最复杂的情绪与行为障碍之一。本文对儿童ADHD研究的热点即成因研究和干预研究的已有成果进行了归纳和总结,并分析了目前研究的趋势,以期为今后的研究提供一些科学的参考。     

转化儿童注意缺陷与多动障碍案例

本文运用阳性强化法——代币法,对一例小学三年级男孩的注意缺陷与多动障碍进行辅导,对其行为进行了矫正,取得了较好的效果。     

全纳教育视角下注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的学校干预

注意缺陷多动障碍（简称ADHD）是一种发展性的异常,ADHD儿童常表现出与年龄不相符的不专注、多动、冲动、情绪及行为异常。在全纳教育思潮的推动下,ADHD儿童在普通教育体系接受教育应是必然的事实。生态系统理论认为个体的发展来自于个体与环境的互动过程,因此本文在回顾了相关文献的基础上总结出了在学校范围内直接针对个体行为进行干预和通过改善教学环境相结合的综合干预方法,包括教学设计、课堂环境设置、家长培训、行为干预和社交关系训练等。希望能给我国广大的普通教师以借鉴。     

儿童注意缺陷与多动障碍心理辅导

<正>注意缺陷与多动障碍(attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)是一种以注意力集中困难、活动过度、行为冲动等为临床特征的发育性障碍,表现为与儿童年龄和发育水平不相称的注意力不集中和注意时间短暂、活动过度和冲动,常伴有学习困难、品行障碍和适应不良,明显影响学业、身心健康以及成年后的家庭生活和社交能力。据国外数据统计,注意缺陷与多动障碍的患病率为5.3%,男孩人     

细说注意缺陷多动障碍

怎么知道孩子是否患有注意缺陷多动障碍？知道了以后又该怎么做？下面的文章会就这些疑问向你做详细的阐述。     

Children with Behavioural and Emotional Difficulties: Complex Children,Complex Training for Teachers

This paper consists of two parents’ accounts of their experiences of having children with AD/HD. The article is divided into three distinct sections. In the first section the mother of ‘Simon’ describes her experience of bringing up a child who, from early infancy, presented challenging behaviour. She describes the effect of this on her family and her self esteem as a parent. She goes on to give an account of the process by which ‘Simon’ came to be diagnosed as having AD/HD and the effects of the ensuing treatment programme. In the second section the same writer describes the impact of her experience on her relationships with the extended family. The third section of the paper is provided by a second writer, who is also the mother of a child with AD/HD. This section focuses on the difficulties she experienced in dealing with her child's educational needs and the conflicts which arose between her and staff in her child's school.     

注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的特征及干预策略

ADHD儿童有着和一般儿童不同的神经生理特点、认知特点、行为特点等，应该从整体上认识和训练ADHD儿童。     

Assessing ADHD Symptoms in Preschool Children: Use of the ADHD Symptoms Rating Scale

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder that is typically diagnosed during the school years, although features of the disorder can be identified in early childhood. As more children enter into preschool programs, there are increasing opportunities for professionals to identify and treat ADHD prior to school entry. This may increase the likelihood that children will have successful academic and social experiences. Unfortunately, diagnosing ADHD in preschoolers is difficult, in part because few assessment instruments are designed and validated for this age group. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric and normative properties of the ADHD-Symptoms Rating Scale (ADHD-SRS) in preschool children. Results shed light on normative levels of ADHD behaviors in preschool children and suggest that preschoolers may present with a somewhat different symptom pattern than school-age children. Further, findings reveal that parents are more likely to endorse ADHD symptoms in their children than are teachers. Given this disparity, the current data emphasize the need for cross-informant assessment in the preschool population.     

美国注意障碍性多动症儿童课堂教学策略探微

大多数美国学校心理学家认为ADHD行为问题是教育教学与学生需求之间的不相匹配的结果,通过优化课程与教学资源以及合理安排任务及材料,将对ADHD儿童心理与行为改善具有重要意义。     

Children Diagnosed ADHD: Factors to guide intervention

Psychological, sociological and learning issues and their possible relevance to the behaviour of children diagnosed ADHD were investigated. A questionnaire containing 29 items derived from recommendations for assessment considerations presented in the British Psychological Society's Working Party Report, ADHD-A Psychological Response to an Evolving Concept , was circulated to schools. Teachers provided views as to the extent these items were having a bearing on behaviour for a cohort of 239 pupils. Two main areas of influence were identified-learning difficulties and psychological problems. Correlation analyses suggested clusters of influential items within these two areas occur according to the educational year of the child. A general trend emerged suggesting that as children get older, psychological problems have an increasingly significant bearing on presenting behaviour. Poor literacy is highlighted as a significant area of concern across a range of year groups. The research reveals serious flaws in the effectiveness of inter-professional liaison. Findings are discussed in relation to providing a framework for detailed assessment of factors that may influence behaviour, and thus for planning effective intervention. The value of the ADHD label is questioned.     

An Emotion-Based Prevention Program for Head Start Children

Empirical research shows that poor emotional competence is an early risk factor for the development of psychopathology. Numerous school-based prevention programs have been developed with the goal of decreasing behavior problems. Several of these programs include a discrete emotions component, but none of them are solely or primarily guided by emotion theory for their design and implementation. The prevention program described in this paper, the emotions course (EC), is a theoretically-coherent program based on differential emotions theory and is designed to be implemented by teachers in Head Start classrooms. Children participating in a pilot implementation of EC showed larger increases in emotion knowledge and less growth in negative emotion expression than their peers in control classrooms. These findings provide initial support for EC. Future implementations of the program need increased monitoring of implementation fidelity as well as additional methods to assess the success of the program.     

Bullying Among Young Children: Strategies for Prevention

Bullying is an increasing problem within childcare facilities, preschool programs, and public schools. As a result, many districts are instituting anti-bullying intervention programs. This article defines bullying and explains the direct and indirect forms it can take. First, it examines research on bullying during the beginning years of school. Next, it explains how relational aggression occurs and the importance of positive peer support systems within their schools. The article concludes by examining the effects of consistent anti-bullying initiatives (e.g. conflict resolution strategies, daily check-ins, journals, and peacemaking activities) that address bullying behaviors among young children. Through consistent and clear interventions, students can build positive peer relationships that promote a safe and healthy school climate and culture.     

教师如何管理注意力缺损多动障碍儿童

注意力缺损多动障碍 (简称ADHD)不仅是导致儿童成绩落后的主要原因之一 ,而且也是破坏课堂纪律主要因素 ,由于教师以面向正常学生传授基础知识为主要任务 ,对注意力缺损多动障碍的理解和矫正并不擅长 ,经常采用说教和批评的常规方法 ,难以取得成效。教师应辨别注意力障碍 ,运用行为矫正技术来管理这类障碍学生     

不同剂量丙戊酸钠防治小儿复杂性热性惊厥的效果分析

为分析不同剂量丙戊酸钠防治小儿复杂性热性惊厥的效果,选取莆田学院附属医院儿科2017年1月—2018年1月收治的116例复杂性热性惊厥患儿,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组58例。对照组行常规标准剂量丙戊酸钠防治,观察组行小剂量丙戊酸钠防治。对比两组患儿治疗有效率、不良反应发生率、复发数、惊厥控制时间和住院时间。结果显示,观察组患儿治疗有效率较高,不良反应发生率较低且复发数较少,惊厥控制时间和住院时间较短,与对照组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结果表明,小剂量丙戊酸钠防治小儿复杂性热性惊厥的效果较为理想,治疗有效率高,复发问题得到改善,患儿不良反应少,且康复时间短。