柱撑粘土皂石的合成及其表征

用水热法合成了柱撑粘土皂石,用羟基铝与其交联,并对其进行了表征.合成出的柱撑粘土皂石显示出较高的热稳定性,在结构上也与文献报道相符.     

基于BPA构建的柱撑型MOF孔材料合成

作为MOF的一种重要的结构——柱撑结构,已经被证明是设计合成具有持久孔性骨架的一种有效可控的方法.本文基于吡啶类配体BPA和刚性羧酸BPDC构筑了一个柱撑型MOF.XRD.分析表明化合物具有动态框架的相互作用.     

杂多酸型层柱状阴离子粘土的合成表征与酸碱催化行为

合成了1：12系列Keggin结构磷钨钒杂多阴离子柱撑阴离子粘土，用元素分析，XRD和IR对产物的组成和结构进行了表征，考察了合成产物在异丙醇反应中的酸碱催化行为。研究表明，柱撑材料表面同时存在酸碱两类催化活性中心，但其催化性能明显优于粘土前驱体和相应杂多酸盐，且在考察的温度范围内，其酸性随温度的升高而增加。     

酒石酸根阴离子柱撑ZnAl-CO3-LDHs 水滑石的合成

采用共沉淀法制备纳米Zn-Al水滑石(LDHs),并以纳米Zn-Al水滑石为前体,采用离子交换法进行插层组装合成酒石酸根阴离子柱撑水滑石。并采用红外光谱、X射线衍射对样品进行了表征。结果表明:酒石酸根阴离子可以插入纳米Zn-Al水滑石层间,完全取代CO23-离子,形成具有超分子结构的稳定酸根阴离子柱撑水滑石。     

杂多阴离子[CoW_（12）O_（40）]~（5-）柱撑水滑石的合成、表征及光催化性能研究

采用离子交换法合成了新型的杂多阴离子[CoW12O40]5-柱撑的水滑石[Mg2Al（OH）6]5[CoW12O40].26H2O.系统研究了以硝酸根型水滑石作为前体,通过插层组装制备杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石的反应条件及其控制规律,考察了杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石的组成、结构和性能之间的关系,通过XRD,FTIR等表征手段分别对杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石的晶相结构及其影响因素、红外光谱等进行了研究,并详细研究了光催化性能.     

CO32-和C12H25SO4-在Mg/Al双氢氧化物层间通道中的竞争嵌入的机制研究（英文）

通过XRD、元素分析、傅里叶转换红外光谱(FTIR),研究了CO2-3和C12H25SO-4(DS)阴离子在Mg/Al双氢氧化物层间通道中的竞争嵌入的机制.结果表明,C12H25SO-4通过合成过程中的自组装效应,可有效地插入Mg/Al双氢氧化物层间通道中,形成LDH-DS柱撑化合物.虽然CO2-3阴离子对Mg/Al双氢氧化物层板强烈的吸附力,影响C12H25SO-4进入层间通道,但是DS的空间位阻效应依然可以置换掉大部分CO2-3,而形成LDH-DS柱撑化合物.     

请加点催化剂吧

众所周知，化学中催化剂的作用是神奇的，它可以改变化学反应速率．有时化学反应速度很慢，但一旦加入适量的催化剂则往往以成千上万倍的速度加快反应．中学数学中也存在一类化简、求值题，若遵循思维常规，则步骤较多，计算较繁，有时甚至是无法操作的，若我们对所给条件、式子加以分析后再添加一些“催化剂”，则往往思路开阔，运算量大减，顿生“春雨断桥人不渡，小舟撑出柳荫来”之美妙感觉．     

中考青睐过氧化氢溶液

过氧化氢溶液是新课程教学中非常重要的药品,实验室可以用它（添加催化剂）来制取氧气,它又是一种溶液,具有溶液的组成、特征,所以在中考中倍受青睐,一方面通过过氧化氢溶液来考查催化剂的探究,还可以通过过氧化氢溶液来考查溶质质量分数的计算．     

浅析轻粘土在幼儿手工活动中的巧妙运用

轻粘土手工制作不仅仅可以充分锻炼幼儿手部灵活性,强化手部精细动作发展,还可以发展幼儿想象力、创造力,促进大脑发展。如今,越来越多的家长开始关注幼儿创造能力的培养,轻粘土作为一种新型操作材料,在市面上广为流传,与传统材料相比,轻粘土的环保、便于塑性、色彩鲜艳等特点使它具备了很大优势,它在老师的带领下逐渐走进课堂,受到大家的关注。通过实践尝试,我对轻粘土有了深刻的了解,在轻粘土的选择、使用技巧、后期作品处理、展示、对孩子们能力的影响有了新的认识。     

请加点催化剂吧

众所周知,化学中催化剂的作用是神奇 的,它可以改变化学反应速率,有时化学反应 速度很慢,但一旦加入适量的催化剂则往往 以成千上万倍的速度加快反应.中学数学中 也存在一类化简求值题,若遵循思维常规,则 步骤较多,计算较繁,有时甚至是无法操作 的,若我们对所给条件、式子加以分析后再添 加一些“催化剂”,则往往思路开阔,运算量大 减,顿生“春雨断桥人不渡,小舟撑出柳荫来” 之美妙感觉. 【例1】　化简:(1+a)(1+a2)(1+ a4)(1+a8)…(1+a2n) 解析:显然,如果逐项打开,整理是繁而 不现实的,但分析每项中a的指数规律后,联 系平方差公式(a+b)…     

Hydrogenation of ortho-nitrochlorobenzene on activated carbon supported platinum catalysts

INTRODUCTION 2,2′-dichlorohydrazobenzene (DHB) is a com-mercially important intermediate, and is convention-ally manufactured by zinc reduction of or-tho-nitrochlorobenzene (Xu, 1996). The major dis-advantage of this process is the generation of largeamounts of sludge in reduction. A single step catalytichydrogenation of ortho-nitrochlorobenzene to DHBusing supported noble metal catalyst in the presenceof aqueous sodium hydroxide medium becomes moreimportant, because it is enviro…     

利用网络快速查询文章的中图法分类号

中图法分类号是一篇文章不可或缺的部分,选择简便的方法能快速、准确地查询到文章的中图法分类号是期刊编辑必须面对的一项工作。在现网络化和计算机普及的前提下,利用网络上已有的中图法分类号查询系统,或者在电子文献数据库中用输入关键词—关键词、作者—关键词组合的方式来获取文章的中图法分类号,可以提高工作效率,达到事半功倍的效果。     

Performance Evaluation of Modified Black Clay as a Heterogeneous Fenton Catalyst on Decolorization of Azure B Dye: Kinetic Study and Cost Evaluation

Black clay(BC) was used as a catalyst for the decolorization of Azure B dye by Fenton process. BC was modified by acid, alkali, distilled water, and calcination to check their changes in characterization and efficiency on decolorization of Azure B. Among three modified catalysts, maximum decolorization was obtained by acid-modified BC(AMBC) catalyst due to the highest removal of impurities, comparatively. The characterization of AMBC was done by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy which show the presence of metal ion. The BET surface area, pore volume, pore size, and density of AMBC were calculated to be 79.402 m~2/g, 0.0608 m~3/g, 0.00306 nm, and 16 g/cm~3, respectively. The highest decolorization of 97.59% was achieved only in 10 min using AMBC at optimized calcination of 100 °C and 3 h of aging. AMBC was considered as the main catalyst for optimizing the different process parameters. Optimized conditions were obtained: pH 2, 0.2 mL of H_2O_2, catalyst dose 0.3 g, room temperature(30 °C), and stirring speed 400 r/min. The catalyst has showed excellent stability and reusability. It could remove more than 85% of color even after four cycles of run and less than negligible leaching of iron. AMBC has good recycling ability among other modified catalysts. To check the selectivity of catalyst, different dyes such as Congo red and mixed dye(mixture of Azure B and Congo red) decolorization were studied. In the present work, kinetic study was also carried out and a three-stage decolorization process was found.     

滇蔗茅为生物模板的Co掺杂SiO_2材料的表征及催化性能

用X射线衍射、N2-物理吸附和解吸附、紫外-可见分光光度计、傅里叶红外光谱仪和扫描电镜对滇蔗茅为生物模板剂合成Co掺杂的介孔SiO2材料进行表征。X射线衍射、N2-物理吸附和解吸附研究结果表明该材料为介孔材料且氧化钴高分散于介孔材料的表面。紫外-可见分光光谱表明钴离子以Co2+和Co3+的形态存在。将其催化剂应用于环己烷的催化氧化,实验结果表明催化剂能高效催化环己烷转化为环己酮。     

综合性监测手段在滑坡治理中的应用研究

以三峡翻坝高速公路S5标滑坡监测为例,介绍了地表变形监测、滑体深层位移监测、地下水位与孔隙水压力监测、地表裂缝监测等多种监测手段在滑坡治理中的应用,得到的综合性监测数据以及数据分析表明,应用的监测方案完全能够符合工程监测的需要并得出结论与建议,为类似山体滑坡变形监测提供了参考。     

换个角度看《中图法》中的“0”

《中图法》加"0",已经是图书馆界研究成果颇多的一个论题,《中图法》加"0"和其本身的编制原则有很大关系,目的是为了保证《中图法》编制的逻辑性和系统性,从这个角度出发,对《中图法》中加"0"进行分析,力求从大思路角度下把握"0"标引的规则。     

Preparation and characterization of mesoporous indium oxide

Indium oxide nanocrystals with mesoporous structure were successfully synthesized by using triblock copolymer as a template, and characterized by thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimeter (TG-DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and N₂ adsorption. A high EO/PO ratio is thought to be the key point to prepare mesoporous In₂O₃. The results show that the average pore diameter of the products is 6 nm, the BET surface area is 54.78 m²/g, and the adsorbing pore volume is 0.345 cm³/g. After comparing with normal indium oxide nanoparticles by BET test, mesoporous indium oxide demonstrates a large difference in adsorbing pore volume and average pore diameters from normal ones. Project supported by the Leading Academic Discipline Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Grant No.J50102)     

Effect of support calcination temperature on the Ru-Ce-B/ZrO_2 catalysts for benzene selective hydrogenation to cyclohexene

The effect of support calcination temperature on the benzene selective hydrogenation performance of the Ru-Ce-B/ZrO2 catalysts was investigated.It was found that with increasing calcination temperature,the surface area decreased,on the contrary,the pore size and the amount of monoclinic phase increased.With increasing support calcination temperature,the activity of the catalyst roughly decreased and cyclohexene selectivity increased.The activity decreased due to the decrease of the surface areas.The increase of the cyclohexene selectivity was correlated not only with the decrease of the surface areas but also with the increase of monoclinic phases,rich in surface hydroxyl,and the enlarged pore size of zirconia.This suggests the monoclinic zirconia with a medium surface area,rather than a big one,and a mesoporous structure,even including some macropores,is an ideal support of the catalyst for benzene selective hydrogenation.     

混凝土小型空心砌块建筑的应用

以粘土砖作为主要材料的建筑退出市场的日子日益临近。使用新型材料的新型建筑的推广与应用十分紧迫。虽然混凝土小型空心砌块建筑在建筑施工中也有使用,但由于种种原因应用并并不普及。天津“龙滨园住宅小区工程四号楼”通过设计、施工方案的不断改善,解决了小型空心砌块建筑的一般通病,达到了设计要求,使用状况良好。     

Hydrogenation of commercial polystyrene over Pd/BaSO4 catalysts: Effect of carrier structure

A variety of barium sulfate （BaSO4） carriers with or without mesopore structure were synthesized via precipitation reaction in aqueous solution of barium hydroxide and sulfuric acid with ethylene glycol as a modifying agent, and then calcined at various temperatures. The obtained BaSO4 was used as catalyst carriers for polystyrene （PS） hydrogenation, and BaSO4 supported palladium （Pd） catalysts with Pd content of 5wt% were prepared by using impregnation method. N2 physisorption, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and kinetics studies were used to investigate the effect of carrier structure on the dispersion and geometric location of active metal and their catalytic activities in PS hydrogenation. It was found that the pore structure of carrier played an important role in the dispersion and location of Pd grains. The activation energy values for all the Pd/BaSO4 catalysts were around 49.1 kJ/mol, while the pre-exponential factor for Pd/BSC-6H was much higher than others. The Pd/BSC-6H without mesopores had Pd grains deposited on the external surface of the carrier, and exhibited better activity than the mesoporous catalysts. It is indicated that the utilization of Pd/BSC-6H can reduce the pore diffusion of PS coils and enabled more active sites to participate in the PS hydrogenation.