新课程背景下高中理科教师开展教学科研现状的调查和分析

教学和研究是教师职业生活的两大侧面。教师开展教学科研是新课程实验的需要,更是落实"教师即研究者"、实现教师专业发展的需要。文章就高中理科教师开展教学科研现状进行调查分析。调查采取问卷调查和个别访谈的形式。通过对问卷调查和个别访谈结果的梳理、分析,建议:广泛宣传、组织教师参与教学科研;积极倡导和鼓励教师多读书;着力培养教师的问题意识;强化教学行动研究在学校教学科研中的地位和作用;内外结合,构建良好的教学科研的环境。     

对科大办学的点滴探讨

中国科学技术大学经过46年的努力，取得了令人鼓舞的成绩。如今如何发挥科大自身特点，坚持原有的成功的办学理念，进一步制定完善的政策导向，提升教学质量和研究水平，是值得探讨的问题。     

高校教师教学与科研关系:问题与对策

高校教师在从事教学与科研活动时,时常面临复杂交错的选择难题:理论教学与实践教学同等重要,应用研究与理论研究不可或缺。为理顺教学与科研的关系,高校应以教师评价为指引,借助分类设岗、分别评价的方式,引导不同岗位的教师有侧重地从事不同性质的、高水准的教学和科研工作。     

Self-Study as a Means for Urban Teachers to Transform Academics

Our self-study has two main purposes: (1) to understand the value of self-study for credential program graduates to confront in transformative ways the pedagogical challenges of urban schools, and (2) to add to an exploration of self-study for non-teacher educators and strengthen our preparation of candidates to enact such inquiry. To answer these questions, we orchestrated a dialogic exchange with three Master's students who used self-study to research and improve their teaching in urban elementary schools. We analyzed their papers both to see how consistent they were with the characteristics of self-study and to determine the nature of lessons learned in relation to our social justice goals. In addition, in the following year we gathered and analyzed information about their post-study reactions to self-study and its continuing influence. In their self-studies all three examined assumptions guiding their teaching by analyzing pertinent data and functioning as critical friends for each other; their work was consistent with self-study requirements. Written reflections and interviews all mentioned the transformative influence of self-study on their thinking and practice. We also discovered that we should strengthen our guidance with regard to the specifics of self-study methodology, as in the need to look for disconfirming evidence. Although their commitment to the process was maintained, we need to explore whether and how self-study might be engaged more informally. Overall, we found that self-study invites teachers to question discriminatory categories with empirical evidence and empowers them to redefine their profession and question regressive policies.     

Science Activities That Work: Perceptions of Primary School Teachers

Many primary school teachers in Australia tend to be reluctant to teach science, partly because they are not confident in science and have limited science background knowledge. However, quite a number of primary school teachers still manage to teach some science. When they plan to teach science, many of them use the term science activities that work. Such activities seem to be related to science pedagogical content knowledge for some primary teachers. In order to better understand what the term activities that work means, twenty teachers from several schools were interviewed and asked what they understood by this expression. Themes that emerged suggest that activities that work are hands on, are interesting and motivating for the children, have a clear outcome or result, are manageable in the classroom, use equipment that is readily available, and are preferably used in a context where science is integrated into themes. Implications for curriculum and for preservice teacher education are considered.     

Teachers in action research: assumptions and potentials

Research literature has long indicated that action research may stimulate practitioners themselves to actively evaluate the quality of their practice. This study is designed to report the use of action research for the development of early years professional practice by analyzing the pre‐project and the post‐project video‐filmed teaching events. The finding was that action research might support knowledge development in the teacher profession. However, the teacher's ability to accommodate outside knowledge might be limited by one's inside knowledge. The study helps to clarify the assumptions and potentials of action research for teachers learning to teach.     

研究型大学教师胜任素质模型构建研究

将胜任素质理论引入研究型大学教师管理工作,探索基于胜任素质模型的现代大学人力资源管理制度体系,对于当前加强高水平师资队伍建设,加快研究型大学建设具有重要意义。在实际调研的基础上,通过因子分析方法构建了研究型大学教师胜任素质模型。该模型包括基础素质、教学能力、专业知识、科研能力等维度,并对胜任素质模型在研究型大学教师人力资源管理各环节的应用提出了建议。     

Learning What It Takes to Teach Science: High School Students as Science Teachers for Middle School Students

This study examines the influence of St. John's University Summer Science Experience and Teacher Mentoring Program on African American and Hispanic high school students' interest in science and science teaching as career goals. In the first phase of the program, high school students from six school districts in Suffolk County, Long Island (a suburb of metropolitan New York City) engaged in investigative science experiences that emphasized environmental science, chemistry, and technology and learned about effective science pedagogy. The second phase of the program functioned as a teaching practicum for the high school students, where they planned for instruction and taught middle school students investigations similar to those that they had engaged in during the summer program. Various surveys were developed to assess high school students' attitudes about science and science teaching, knowledge of effective teaching approaches, knowledge of ways to motivate younger students, and the overall impact of the program on the high students' interest in science and/or science teaching as career goals. Program evaluations reveal that over 75% of the students expressed an interest in considering science or science teaching as career possibilities. Implications for minority teacher recruitment are discussed.     

大学教师教学以人为本之策略

大学教师进行以人为本的教学,应该转变教学观念,合理组织教学过程,选取和组织教学内容,建立人性化的师生关系,改革教学方法.     

行动研究在大学教学中的应用

论述了行动研究的一般概念;并通过行动研究在大学计算机公共课教学中的实践应用,体现出行动研究的主要特征、操作程序及重要作用等;最后阐述了行动研究在大学教学中应用的重要意义。     

新建本科院校如何实现教学、科研良性互动发展──基于唐山师范学院视角

针对新建本科院校教学、科研现状,结合实际教学、科研经验,从科研促教学、教学服务科研等多方面阐述了新建本科院校如何实现教学科研的良性互动发展。     

关于教师教研活动的思考

教师通过教研活动不仅可以提高教学质量,更重要的是用先进的教育思想武装自己,使教师自觉得参与到教育改革中来。要对教研的概念、教研活动提出全新的内容,教研活动不能简单化、形式化与庸俗化,要以校本教研为基础,使教研活动真正具有针对性、实效性。     

Making formative assessment discernable to pre‐service teachers of science

The purpose of this pragmatic action research study was to explore our re‐conceptualization efforts in preparing pre‐service teachers to guide the inquiry process with formative assessment and subsequently use the understandings to improve our teacher preparation program. The process was guided by two questions: to what extent did course re‐conceptualization efforts lead to a more informed understanding of formative assessment by pre‐service teachers and did strategies enacted in the re‐conceptualized methods course foster or hinder pre‐service teachers' understanding of formative assessment? Data from this study support the following findings: (1) a substantial pre‐ to post‐methods course difference was realized in the pre‐service teachers' understanding of formative assessment; (2) explicit and contextualized approaches to formative assessment in the methods course led to increased understandings by pre‐service teachers; (3) an implicit approach led to improvements in course structure but did not foster pre‐service teachers' understanding of the reflexive nature of formative assessment; and (4) a field‐based case study on elementary science teaching both hindered and fostered our efforts with formative assessment. This study yields implications for pre‐service teacher education on formative assessment. To foster pre‐service teachers' knowledge and skills, we suggest explicit instruction on formative assessment combined with case studies, field experiences, and ongoing reflection. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 402–421, 2010     

大学教师教学学术能力的类型化特征及其比较分析

伴随教学学术在大学教学实践领域中的推进,大学教师的教学学术能力成为影响这一实践过程的关键议题。运用实证研究方法,基于自下而上的实践归纳逻辑而提出的大学教师教学学术能力的三种典型类型为:实践取向型、专业取向型和整合取向型。三种类型在价值、知识、方法、交流等四个维度上的区分性特征,呈现出大学教师教学学术能力的多样性存在和多元化取向。对大学教师教学学术能力的类型化描述及特征比较的目的在于探索具有本土实践依据的教学学术能力解释框架。     

高校教师教学评价的问题与改进

教学评价是教师评价的核心,在教师评价中的重要性显然是不言而喻的。但在实际操作过程中,却存在不少问题。因此,有必要对教师的教学评价问题进行系统思考。突出教师在教学评价中的主体地位,从学、评、教三个方面进行改进,较好地解决存在的问题。     

高校英语教师校内在岗进修课程建言

语言学、心理学和社会领域的变化对20世纪语言教学产生了巨大影响,体现在高校英语教学过程中则为教师责任和教学技巧的变化。当前的一些师资培训由于面临诸多局限而很难帮助教师在英语教学法方面完成相应的转变,因此,开展一种校内在岗进修课程,向教师提供必要的技能与支持,以实施现阶段的英语课程教学改革显得尤为重要。     

论"教师即研究者"

教师的研究主要是指教师通过对自身教育教学行为的自我观察与反思,以改进自己的教育教学实践为目的的研究,它是置身于教育教学之中的研究、改进教育教学的研究。"教师即研究者"有三方面的內涵:反思是其起点,问题的求证是其本质,教育意义的实现是其旨趣所在。     

学术性视野中大学教师专业发展的逻辑

学术性是大学的本质之所在,应从大学教师的专业自主权,大学教师职业的学术性,大学教师专业忠诚于学科文化等方面加强大学教师专业发展的理论逻辑;同时,以教学学术为切入点,通过完善教学学术评价制度和培育学科文化等加强大学教师专业发展的实践逻辑。学术是大学的灵魂,是大学教师的理想,大学教师专业发展的理论逻辑和实践逻辑统一于学术性。     

从契约理论的视角论研究型大学教师岗位管理

教学与科研是研究型大学教师的重要职责,但两者之间的矛盾在国内研究型大学中普遍存在,国外经验是通过教师岗位聘用合同加以协调。本文阐述了契约的本质以及国外研究型大学教师岗位聘用合同管理的做法,并详细分析了我国研究型大学教师身份管理的困惑以及教学与科研矛盾处理的困难和原因。在此基础上,提出了通过具有法律效力的聘用合同来变革教师岗位管理的对策。     

研究性教学中高校教师角色定位探析

研究性教学以培养学生的学习能力、问题解决能力、团队合作能力和创新能力为教学目的。它既要求学生具有学习的主动性,更要求教师把最新科研成果、双向交流互动的教学方法以及自身的创新思维引入课堂。因此,在研究性教学中高校教师的角色应当是设计者、引导者、参与者、推进者和学习者。