不同保守疗法治疗运动员膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的疗效对比分析

目的:对比不同保守疗法治疗运动员膝关节内侧副韧带(MCL)损伤的临床疗效。方法:2018年6月至2022年12月期间膝关节MCL损伤的运动员共72例,随机分为电针+推拿组(对照组)、电针+推拿+康复训练组(实验组),每组36人,进行为期4周的治疗。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS).Lysholm膝关节功能评分,对不同组的运动员治疗前后的疼痛、膝关节功能进行评定,并进行临床疗效评估。结果:对照组和实验组治疗后的有效率分别为76%和94%,VAS评分均显著降低(P<0.45),Lysholm评分均显著增加(P<0.05);治疗后,实验组的VAS评分.Lysholm评分均优于对照组,且差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:电针结合推拿和康复训练治疗运动员膝关节MCL损伤的疗效要优于电针结合推拿治疗方法,能够明显改善患者膝关节周围疼痛及膝关节整体功能。     

国外体育科研文摘

<正> 一、游泳运动员常见的损伤及其治疗的方法本文综述有关在竞技游泳项目中运动损伤的文献表明,肩关节疼痛是游泳运动员最常见的骨胳肌损伤。这通常是由于在喙肩弓下重复性撞击而引起同上肌或二头肌腱炎的结果。其保守疗法包括交替游泳技术动作和政变训练计划,进行柔韧性练习和力量训练以及采取局部抗炎性的措施。一般来说,肌肉训练的内容有伸展前肌和加强外回旋肌和肩胛旋肌的力量训练。只是最近才发现的肩关节疼痛的另一种有可能的原因是肩关节的不稳定性,加强肩胛带肌力量的平衡发展则是有效的疗法。游泳运动员另一种常见的疾病就是“蛙泳运动员的膝”,通常包括胫骨侧韧带发炎。改     

羌医药浸酒外搽配合局部推拿理疗对慢性运动性闭合性软组织损伤康复效果的观察

目的：观察分析羌族民间传统药方浸酒外搽配合局部推拿理疗对慢性运动性闭合性软组织损伤的临床疗效。方法：选取2012年1月至2013年12月因慢性运动性闭合性软组织损伤而就诊的患者共110例,随机分为推拿理疗组、推拿理疗＋内服中药组和推拿理疗＋羌族药方浸酒外搽组。对比三组患者治疗前和治疗2个月后的临床病状积分和运动后各时段酸痛等级,对比三组患者治疗前和治疗2个月后的VAS疼痛评分和Oswestry评分,同时对比三组患者治疗2个月后的临床疗效。结果：三组患者治疗2个月后的各项临床病状积分、运动后各时段酸痛等级、VAS疼痛评分和Oswestry评分均显著低于治疗前,且推拿理疗＋羌族药方浸酒外搽组治疗2个月后的各项临床病状积分、运动后各时段酸痛等级、VAS疼痛评分和Oswestry评分均显著低于其他两组,P〈0.01。推拿理疗＋羌族药方浸酒外搽组治疗2个月后的临床疗效显著优于其他两组,P〈0.05。结论：羌族药方浸酒外搽配合局部推拿理疗可显著改善慢性运动性闭合性软组织损伤患者的临床症状和生活质量,具有良好疗效,值得临床推广。     

应用醋酸确炎舒松——A治疗滑囊炎的疗效分析

运动员由于二次急性或多次反复慢性损伤造成全身各部位滑囊损伤,引起滑囊炎是屡见不鲜的.多年来医务工作者应用按摩、理疗等方法治疗效果不佳,故应用激索类药物进行封闭治疗.近几年来,我们应用醋酸确炎舒-A对     

推拿结合针灸治疗运动性肩损伤

目的探讨竞技体育引起的肩关节软组织损伤用推拿结合针灸方法治疗的临床疗效。方法本组病例共 33例。发病部位以肩袖肌腱 (尤其是冈上肌肌腱 )、肱二头肌长头肌腱等的慢性疲劳性损伤为主 ,亦有个别病例同时伴有肌肉的急性损伤。临床上采用推拿结合针灸的方法按病程分期进行治疗。结果治愈 2 0例 ,好转 12例 ,获得总有效率 97%的满意疗效。结论推拿结合针灸的方法治疗运动性肩损伤比单一推拿或针灸的方法治疗具有见效快、疗程短、作用持久等优点 ;对于从事竞技体育不适宜药物治疗的运动员 ,更具有疗效稳定、安全性好的特殊作用。     

运动员的肩袖损伤

在肩部的运动创伤中,运动员的肩袖损伤较多,尤其多发生在排球、体操、投掷等运动项目。由于肩关节反复超常范围的转动、摩擦、挤压,所以肩袖部肌腱的损伤为常见。此伤多表现病程长,治疗效果慢,并被认为是影响运动训练和提高运动成绩的主要运动创伤之一。肩袖损伤主要指肩袖肌腱的损伤,此伤又叫肩袖创伤肌腱炎、冈上肌肌腱炎、冈上肌症侯群,有时可合并滑囊损伤。肩袖是由冈上肌、冈下肌、小园肌、肩胛下肌四块肌肉环包着肩关节,止于肱骨大小     

福建省跆拳道运动员运动损伤情况调查

探讨福建省跆拳道运动员运动损伤的发病特点。方法:采用文献资料法及问卷调查法等研究方法,对参加2016年8月2016年10月在福建省跆拳道队训练及集训的31名(女16名,男15名)运动员有关运动损伤情况进行调查,主要包括损伤部位性质及原因,并对其影响因素及防治对策做详细分析。结果:福建省跆拳道运动员运动损伤发生率较高(96.8),其中,中度损伤为41.9%,重度损伤为6.5%,损伤部位主要为踝关节、膝关节、足;损伤主要原依次为注意力不集中、准备活动不充分、超负荷运动;治疗手段依次为针灸、物理治疗、推拿。结论:福建省跆拳道运动员膝关节运动损伤发病率高,给予积极预防治疗,可以最大程度控制病情发展,保证训练及比赛正常进行。     

悬吊训练（SET）对运动性腰损伤患者的临床疗效研究

目的:探讨悬吊训练法(SET)对运动性腰损伤患者的临床疗效。方法:将运动性腰损伤患者分为对照组和实验组,对照组采用传统推拿手法结合腰腹肌训练治疗,实验组采用推拿手法结合SET治疗。结果:治疗后比较发现,两组患者JOA评分及等速肌力测试均有改善,组内差异均具有显著性意义(P<0.05);组间差异,JOA评分实验组明显优于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05);两组患者疗效比较,显效率实验组优于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:SET治疗腰部运动损伤疗效确切,方法简便易行,值得推广应用。     

肩胛胸壁关节损伤的诊断和治疗

目的：了解肩胛胸壁关节损伤的诊断和治疗。方法：49例患者均采用曲安奈德加0.2％利多卡因2-4ml作局部封闭治疗。结果：肩胛胸壁关节损伤在运动队中较为常见，且由于特殊的解剖关系，使用其它方法治疗效果欠佳，经封闭治疗后效果良好。结论：这种损伤诊断准确后，即采用封闭治疗，疗效优于其它治疗方法．     

推拿和电针治疗踝关节扭伤的疗效观察

踝关节损伤是一种常见的外科软组织损伤疾病,从事体育运动的人员中踝关节扭伤更为多见。本文对8名踝关节扭伤的患者运用推拿和电针进行临床理疗。结果显示,总有效率87.3%。临床疗效表明推拿和电针治疗踝关节扭伤具有良好效果,为运动损伤后早期康复提供了一种新的方法和治疗途径。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

青少年业余足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型初探

根据Scanlan等人最新提出的运动倾向性理论模型,结合我国实际情况建立了青少年足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型。运动倾向性被定义为:渴望和决心继续参加足球运动的心理状态。所建立的5因素结构模型认为,运动倾向性是由运动乐趣、参与选择、个人投入、社会约束及参与机会5个因素决定。经确定5个决定因素和运动倾向性的操作定义,编制了相应调查问卷,通过对北京市252名青少年足球运动员实测结果,建立运动倾向性及其影响因素的协方差结构模型,用Lisre 18分析的结果表明:该运动倾向性模型比较符合北京青少年足球运动员。其中运动乐趣、个人投入、参与机会和参与选择4因素对运动倾向性有影响;社会约束对运动倾向性影响不大。     

Effect of 6 weeks of endurance training on the lactate minimum speed

The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the lactate minimum speed test to changes in endurance fitness resulting from a 6 week training intervention. Sixteen participants (mean +/- s :age 23 +/- 4 years;body mass 69.7 +/- 9.1 kg) completed 6 weeks of endurance training. Another eight participants (age 23 +/- 4 years; body mass 72.7 +/-12.5 kg) acted as non-training controls. Before and after the training intervention, all participants completed: (1) a standard multi-stage treadmill test for the assessment of VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold and running speed at a reference blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 ; and (2) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved two supramaximal exercise bouts and an 8 min walking recovery period to increase blood lactate concentration before the completion of an incremental treadmill test. Additionally, a subgroup of eight participants from the training intervention completed a series of constant-speed runs for determination of running speed at the maximal lactate steady state. The test protocols were identical before and after the 6 week intervention. The control group showed no significant changes in VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold, running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 or the lactate minimum speed.In the training group, there was a significant increase in VO 2max (from 47.9 +/- 8.4 to 52.2 +/- 2.7 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), running speed at the maximal lactate steady state (from 13.3 +/- 1.7 to 13.9 +/- 1.6 km.h -1 ), running speed at the lactate threshold (from 11.2 +/- 1.8 to 11.9 +/- 1.8 km.h -1 ) and running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 (from 12.5 +/- 2.2 to 13.2 +/- 2.1 km.h -1 ) (all P ? 0.05). Despite these clear improvements in aerobic fitness, there was no significant difference in lactate minimum speed after the training intervention (from 11.0 +/- 0.7 to 10.9 +/- 1.7 km.h -1 ). The results demonstrate that the lactate minimum speed,when assessed using the same exercise protocol before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise training, is not sensitive to changes in endurance capacity.