班级凝聚力与学习成绩相关关系研究

目的:研究民办艺术类高校艺术类学生班级凝聚力与学习成绩相关关系.方法:采用熊娇编制的《大学生班级凝聚力问卷》来评价班级凝聚力,用文献法获得学生的学习成绩,对班级凝聚力与学习成绩相关关系进行理论和实证分析.结果:班集体在民办艺术类学生的学习中发挥重要作用,班级凝聚力与学习成绩成正相关关系.结论:加强班级凝聚力建设,营造一个积极上进、团结有序的和谐班级,使学生维持一个良好的精神状态,对提高学生的学习成绩具有重要作用.     

高职生班级环境的调查研究

提高班级管理水平的有效途径是营造良好的班级环境,高职生的班级环境有其独特性,对其进行研究具有现实意义。本研究探究高职生班级环境的结构、特点和人口学变量差异。被试选自北京市某高职学院633名高职生,研究工具使用自编的《班级环境问卷》进行施测,研究结果如下：第一,高职生班级心理环境包括六个维度：师生关系、同学关系、个人发展、班级目标、班级秩序、班级组织。第二,高职生的班级心理环境总体处于中上水平,其中高职生感知的班级秩序得分最低,所以,学校有关部门应该加强高职生班级秩序的管理。第三,高职生班级心理环境不存在性别显著性差异,不存在学制显著性差异。第四,高职生班级心理环境存在年级显著性差异,而且五年制高职一年级的得分最低。所以,要引导五年制高职一年级新生尽快适应新环境。第五,高职生班级心理环境在学习成绩上存在显著性差异。要提高班级中学习成绩上等的高职生比例,才能有利于班级良好环境的形成。     

中学生班级环境对学习拖延的影响:学习倦怠的中介效应

采用《我的班级》问卷、青少年学习倦怠量表和学习拖延问卷对391名有效中学生被试进行调查。结果发现:(1)不同班级环境的中学生在学习拖延上均存在显著差异。(2)中学生班级环境、学习拖延和学习倦怠的各维度之间均存在显著相关。(3)学习倦怠在中学生知觉的班级环境与学习拖延之间起着完全中介作用。     

聋校班级心理环境建设的评估研究

积极创造良好的班级心理环境,是聋校心理健康教育的重要途径。如何评估班主任对班级心理环境建设的成绩?本文用问卷调查作了相关研究,结果发现:师生关系与班级心理环境建设呈正相关,对班级心理环境现状具有显著的预测作用;学业负担与班级心理环境建设呈负相关,对班级心理环境建设具有显著的负向预测作用。江光荣的《班级环境》量表可作为聋校班级心理环境建设的评估工具。     

心理统计学考试成绩的影响因素及教学启示

采用自编问卷考察《心理统计学》考试成绩影响因素的结构、特点及影响途径。结果发现,影响考试成绩的个体内部因素是学习态度、学习信心、学习方法,外部因素是课堂教学质量、教材与课时安排、复习资料;学习态度、学习信心的性别差异显著;学习态度、学习信心、复习资料对考试成绩有直接正向预测性,课堂教学质量、教材与课时安排通过学习态度或学习信心起间接正向预测作用,据此提出了相应的教学措施。     

与学习效果密切相关的十大心理行为分析——高中生学习策略辅导的反思

本文使用中科院心理所修订的《中学生学习策略量表》,引领学生对自己的学习态度、学习行为、经常感受的情绪、具体的学法和时间管理等十个维度的心理行为进行自我检查与优化调适。笔者对面向高中班级团体和大量学生个案访谈所得到的典型观点和方法作对照分析,揭示能优化学生学习心理素质的良好的学习策略以及提高学习成绩的方法,并提出方便一线教师选用的指向优化高中生学习策略指导亟待关注的基本问题。     

高中生心理弹性与应对方式相关研究

为了探讨高中生心理弹性现状及其与应对方式的关系,本研究采用《青少年心理韧性量表(HKRA)》和《应对方式问卷》对2763名高中生进行了问卷调查.结果显示:高中生的心理弹性处于中等偏上水平;高中生外部疏导机制和心理调节机制与其心理弹性呈显著正相关,自我防御机制与其心理弹性呈显著负相关;高中生调整心态、倾诉、总结经验、转移、调节情绪和转换视角对其心理弹性有正向预测作用,而退缩和推诿对其心理弹性起负向预测作用.     

不同班级环境下初中生成就动机研究

目的探讨不同班级环境下初中生的成就动机水平。方法选取320名初中学生,采用《我的班级》问卷以及成就动机量表进行调查。结果1．班级环境各维度以及成就动机在不同年级上有显著差异;2．班级环境各维度分别与成就动机、追求成功动机以及避免失败动机有不同程度相关;3．班级环境各维度对成就动机、追求成功动机以及避免失败动机有不同预测作用。结论班级环境和成就动机在年级上有明显变化,班级环境能对初中生成就动机水平有预测作用。     

职业学校体育教学对学生协作意识培养研究

体育活动对学生的团队协作意识有较为明显的促进作用,通过体育活动能提高班集体的凝聚力,促进班级同学间、师生之间人际关系的改善,能使班级的消极情绪逐渐减弱,班级组织内积极情绪逐渐加强。从而学习态度有了改善,学习成绩有了明显进步。     

高校班级规模对教学效果的影响研究

运用调查问卷方法,在SPSS统计软件支持下,研究高等学校班级规模对教学效果的影响,发现班级规模对教学效果影响明显,班级规模越大,正面影响越小,负面影响越明显.〈40人的班级规模教学效果最好,最有利于学生学习成绩提升和学习行为的培养;〉120人的班级规模最不利于学生学习成绩提上和学习行为培养.采用简单相关分析、等级相关分析和双变量回归模型的统计学方法,分析了班级规模与班级平均学习成绩的关系,发现班级规模与班级平均成绩呈线性相关,班级规模是影响班级平均成绩的一个重要因素.由于班级人数的多少是可以人为控制的,因此可以用来作为提高教学质量的方法之一.     

高中英语课堂环境与学习成果的关系研究

课堂环境与学习成果的关系一直是西方课堂环境研究的热点。本研究运用《中学英语课堂环境量表》作为测量工具,测量了高中生对英语课堂环境的感知与其英语学习态度和学习成绩之间的关系。研究结果表明:课堂环境是影响二语学习成果的主要因素之一,积极的课堂环境可以改善和提高学生的二语学习成果。课堂环境通过直接效应和中介效应共同影响二语学习成果,其中任务取向对二语学习成果的预测力最大。     

Science Learning Outcomes in Alignment with Learning Environment Preferences

This study investigated students’ learning environment preferences and compared the relative effectiveness of instructional approaches on students’ learning outcomes in achievement and attitude among 10th grade earth science classes in Taiwan. Data collection instruments include the Earth Science Classroom Learning Environment Inventory and Earth Science Learning Outcomes Inventory. The results showed that most students preferred learning in a classroom environment where student-centered and teacher-centered instructional approaches coexisted over a teacher-centered learning environment. A multivariate analysis of covariance also revealed that the STBIM students’ cognitive achievement and attitude toward earth science were enhanced when the learning environment was congruent with their learning environment preference.     

Classroom Environment Instruments: Development,Validity and Applications

Few fields of educational research have such a rich diversity of valid, economical and widely-applicable assessment instruments as does the field of learning environments. This article describes nine major questionnaires for assessing student perceptions of classroom psychosocial environment (the Learning Environment Inventory, Classroom Environment Scale, Individualised Classroom Environment Questionnaire, My Class Inventory, College and University Classroom Environment Inventory, Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction, Science Laboratory Environment Inventory, Constructivist Learning Environment Survey and What Is Happening In This Class) and reviews the application of these instruments in 12 lines of past research (focusing on associations between outcomes and environment, evaluating educational innovation, differences between student and teacher perceptions, whether students achieve better in their preferred environment, teachers' use of learning environment perceptions in guiding improvements in classrooms, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, links between different educational environments, cross-national studies, the transition from primary to high school, and incorporating educational environment ideas into school psychology, teacher education and teacher assessment).     

Associations Between Classroom Environment and Academic Efficacy

Research was conducted on associations between classroom psychosocial environment and academic efficacy. A sample of 1055 mathematics students from Australian secondary schools responded to an instrument that assessed ten dimensions of mathematics classroom environment (viz. Student Cohesiveness, Teacher Support, Investigation, Task Orientation, Cooperation, Equity, Involvement, Personal Relevance, Shared Control, Student Negotiation). These scales were from two existing instruments, namely, What Is Happening In This Classroom? (WIHIC) and the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES). A seven-item scale assessed students' academic efficacy at mathematics-related tasks. Simple and multiple correlation analyses revealed statistically significant correlations between these classroom environment dimensions and academic efficacy. Results showed that classroom environment relates positively with academic efficacy. A commonality analysis showed that the three scales from the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey scales did not contribute greatly to explaining variance in academic efficacy beyond that attributed to the seven scales in the What Is Happening In This Classroom? questionnaire.     

The Effects of Classroom Climate on Student Outcomes: A Replication in Two Developing Countries

A strong tradition of research in developed countries has established consistent relationships between students' outcomes and their perceptions of psychosocial characteristics of the classroom learning environment. The present research provides a replication of the prior work in developed countries by using samples of students from two developing countries, namely, Indonesia and Thailand. Indonesian versions of the individualized Classroom Environment Questionnaire and the Classroom Environment Scale were responded to by 373 students in 18 Grade 8 and 9 classes in Padang, whereas a Thai version of the Learning Environment Inventory was responded to by 989 students in 31 Grade 12 classes in Bangkok or nearby provinces. Results supported the predictive validity of student perceptions in that significant relationships emerged between student outcomes and classroom climate among students in both Indonesia and Thailand.     

Technology-supported learning environments in science classrooms in India

The adoption of technology has created a major impact in the field of education at all levels. Technology-supported classroom learning environments, involving modern information and communication technologies, are also entering the Indian educational system in general and the schools in Jammu region (Jammu & Kashmir State, India) in particular. This study, which is the first of its kind in India, reports the use of a modified form of Technology-Rich Outcomes-Focused Learning Environment Inventory (TROFLEI) for assessing students?? perceptions of their learning environments in technology-supported science classrooms. Analysis of data from 705 students from 15 classes provided evidence for the reliability and validity of the questionnaire in Indian science classroom settings. The same data also were used for studying gender differences and associations between students?? perceptions of their technology-supported learning environments and three learner outcomes (attitude towards science, academic efficacy and academic achievement).     

The relationship between students ’ perceptions of classroom environment and their academic achievement in Korea

The classroom has long been recognized as a critical milieu for students ’ educational achievement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between students ’ perceptions of classroom environment and their academic achievement in Korea. For this study, the Classroom Environment Scale (CES), developed by Moos and Trickett (1987), was revised and translated into Korean. The Korean Classroom Environment Scale (KCES), consisting of nine subscales, was used to measure the psychosocial characteristics of the classroom environment. The data was collected from May to June 2001 from a sample of 1,012 students in 10th and 11th grades at the same school district in Seoul, Korea. The results of ANOVA analysis of the data revealed that there were statistically significant differences in classroom environments according to students ’ school and classroom organizations. Additionally, the results of Pearson ’s simple correlation coefficient analysis showed that the seven subscales in the KCES (i.e., involvement, affiliation, competition, task orientation, order and organization, rule clarity, and teacher control) had a significant correlation with students ’ academic achievement. Furthermore, the results of multiple regression analysis revealed that the multiple correlation (R) between the KCES 9 subscales and students ’ academic achievement was 0.27. Based on these results, it was claimed that classroom environment was a good predictor of students ’ academic achievement.     

Classroom Learning Environments in Urban Elementary,Middle, and High Schools

The purpose of the present study was to investigate student gender, subject area, and grade level differences in students' perceptions of their classroom learning environment. Over 13,000 students from 96 urban elementary, middle, and high schools that served predominantly minority students completed a modified version of the Classroom Environment Scale (CES) and the Instructional Learning Environment Questionnaire (ILEQ). Female students generally reported higher scores for their perceptions of the learning environment than did male students. There were very few differences by subject area, but there were many statistically and educationally significant differences by grade level. In general, middle school classes had less favorable perceptions of their learning environment than did either elementary or high school classes.     

Effects of classroom environment on science attitudes: A cross‐cultural replication in Indonesia‡

A three‐phase study, with a different sample for each phase, involved a total of 1125 secondary school students in Indonesia. The first phase involving 373 grade 8 and 9 students was used to develop and validate an Indonesian classroom environment instrument with eight scales based on the Individualized Classroom Environment Questionnaire and the Classroom Environment Scale. In the second phase of the study, 502 Indonesian science students in grades 11 and 12 were involved in a translation, adaptation and validation of a four‐scale Indonesian version of the Test of Science‐Related Attitudes. In the third phase, these new Indonesian attitude and environment scales were used with another sample of 250 Indonesian biology students in an investigation of the effects of classroom psychosocial environment on students’ science‐related attitudes. The finding of statistically significant associations between environment and attitudes replicated much prior work in science classrooms in developed countries. For example, more favourable science‐related attitudes on several scales were found in classes perceived as having more personalization, participation, investigation and order and organization.

     

Predicting learning from classroom individualization and actual-preferred congruence

One of the strongest traditions during the past decade of classroom environment research has involved investigation of the predictability of students' cognitive and affective learning outcomes from their perceptions of psychosocial characteristics of their classrooms. Moreover numerous research programs involving many thousands of students from various nations have provided convincing and consistent support for the incremental predictive validity of student perceptions in accounting for appreciable amounts of variance in learning outcomes beyond that attributable to initial student characteristics such as pretest performance and general ability (see Walberg, Singh and Rasher, 1977; Haertel, Walberg and Haertel, 1979; Walberg, 1979; Fraser, 1980; Walberg and Haertel's paper in this issue).Although consistent with the previous research tradition involving the predictive validity of students' perceptions, the study reported here represents an important extension to prior research in two key ways. First, the present investigation involved the use of a new instrument, the Individualized Classroom Environment Questionnaire (Rentoul and Fraser, 1979), which measures perceptions of those learning environment dimensions which differentiate individualized and conventional classrooms. In contrast, previous studies have employed instruments such as the Learning Environment Inventory (Anderson and Walberg, 1976) or the Classroom Environment Scale (Moos and Trickett, 1974) which exclude some aspects of classroom environment particularly salient in individualized settings involving open or inquiry-based approaches. Second, while prior research has concentrated on the predictive validity of perceptions of actual classroom environment, the present study also examined the predictability of learning from the congruence between actual and preferred classroom environment (as derived from student perceptions on the individualized Classroom Environment Questionnaire). This proposition is based on the intuitively plausible notion that students who differ in their preferences for classroom individualization could achieve differentially depending upon the amount of actual individualization present in their classrooms. The major purpose of the present paper is to report analyses into the predictability of some cognitive and affective outcomes from (a) actual classroom individualization and (b) the congruence between actual and preferred individualization.