An examination of personality traits as a predictor of the use of self-regulated learning strategies and considerations for online instruction

Each learner brings a unique mix of personality traits, preferences, and talents to the educational setting. These factors can influence the extent to which learners are able to effectively deploy skills and strategies to achieve their academic goals. Gaining a deeper awareness of how specific personality traits play a role in the choice and deployment of SRL strategies provides opportunities to anticipate which learners might be effective or ineffective self-regulators. Doing so would enable instructional designers, educators, or higher education administrators to better plan and deliver effective educational experiences for a wide range of learners. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which the use of SRL strategies was impacted by learner differences in Big Five personality traits. This mixed methods study examined the potential of utilizing the Big Five Inventory classification as a predictor of self-regulated strategy use. Specifically, the study investigated the relationship between the existence of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism traits as possible predictors of learner use of SRL strategies. Results indicated that learners high in openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness were shown to be more skilled self-regulators than those high in neuroticism. Those high in neuroticism were less skilled self-regulators and tended to use help-seeking strategies more frequently than those in other personality trait categories. The qualitative findings highlighted the need for effective time management as an important self-regulation strategy, a preference for face to face versus an on-line delivery format, and a lack of motivation. However, responses did not seem to systematically vary by personality trait.

     

志愿服务参与能培育大学生非认知能力吗——基于追踪调研和双重差分技术的因果分析

已有众多研究基于人格特质理论和经验学习理论,揭示了志愿服务参与和大学生非认知能力存在双向因果关系。本文基于湖南省高校大学生发展追踪调查数据,采用双重差分法检验志愿服务参与和非认知能力的因果关系,以揭示志愿服务参与究竟是筛选还是培育了大学生的非认知能力。研究结果证实了志愿服务参与对外向性和尽责性有筛选作用,对宜人性有培育作用,对情绪稳定性和开放性既没有筛选作用,也没有培育作用。这些结果表明高校志愿服务主要通过人格特质机制筛选了学生的非认知能力,对非认知能力的培育作用有限,促使我们重新审视高校志愿服务如何发挥实践育人的功能。     

“90后”大学生人格特性与就业问题研究

高校扩招背景下的结构性就业矛盾加剧了“90后”大学生的就业难现象,“毕业就失业”已成为“90后”大学生的一个普遍心理.受时代变迁影响,“90后”大学生有着鲜明的时代特点和人格特征,有着独特的就业心态、就业观念和就业选择.应对“90后”大学生就业难,需要从调整产业结构、完善配套政策、变革人才培养模式、转变就业观念等多方面着力,离不开政府、市场、学校和个人的共同努力.     

Big Five personality traits as predictors of the academic success of university and college students in early childhood education

Academic success in early childhood teacher education is important because it provides a foundation for occupational development in terms of professional competence, the quality of educational practices, as well as career success. Consequently, identifying factors that can explain differences in academic success is an important research task. Previous research has indicated that the Big Five personality traits can predict academic success in tertiary education even when other predictors have been accounted for. However, there is a lack of research regarding students in early childhood education. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of the Big Five on the academic success of college and university students in Germany who were studying early childhood education. Data from 567 college students and 270 university students were used. Several socio-demographic variables and the school-leaving Grade Point Average (GPA) served as controls. As hypothesised, students with higher conscientiousness also had better college and university GPAs. Furthermore, higher conscientiousness was associated with higher study satisfaction but only for college students. Unexpectedly, neuroticism was not negatively related to study satisfaction. In addition, there were exploratory findings concerning the effects of agreeableness, extraversion, neuroticism and openness. The findings are discussed with respect to implications for research and practice. In particular, the consequences with regard to the preparation of students in early childhood education are discussed.     

微信互动时长对人格判断准确性的影响

为研究微信即时互动情境中聊天时长对人格判断准确性的影响，笔者选取138名互不相识的大学生进行5min、10min和20min的微信聊天，对彼此的大五人格做出判断:（1）在所有互动组中，神经质的他评分数显著低于自评分数，而外倾性的他评分数显著高于自评分数；（2）总体而言，除神经质以外，大五人格其余四种特质的自我—他人一致性（SOA）均达到显著水平；（3）分组中，10min组的尽责性和外倾性，以及20min组的尽责性、宜人性和开放性的SOA都比较显著；（4）随着微信互动时长的增加，SOA呈上升趋势，但变化不显著。可见，更长时间的微信互动能使个体表露更多的个人信息，进行更深层的交流，因此观察者做出的人格判断也更准确，这对开展青少年心理健康教育无疑有重要意义。     

90后大学生个性特征下的80后辅导员工作探析

作为集鲜明的优劣势于一身的“80后”辅导员,面对个性更加鲜明的“90后”大学生,“80后”如何应对“90后”,已经成为高校的一个新情况、新问题。在分析“90后”大学生的个性特征和“80后”辅导员的优劣势的基础上,试图就“80后”辅导员如何做好“90后”大学生思想政治教育的问题提出一些对策建议。     

人格特质与网络利他行为:自尊的中介作用

运用大学生网络利他行为量表、“大五”人格量表和自尊量表(SES)对587名大学生进行调查,考察人格特质、自尊与网络利他行为的关系.结果发现:(1)外倾性、责任性、开放性、自尊与网络利他行为存在显著的正相关,神经质与网络利他行为存在显著的负相关,但宜人性与网络利他行为相关不显著;(2)外倾性、责任性、神经质、开放性和自尊均能显著预测网络利他行为,自尊在外倾性与网络利他行为、开放性与网络利他行为关系间起部分中介作用,在责任性与网络利他行为、神经质与网络利他行为关系间起完全中介作用.     

开放性在认同整合与创造力关系中的调节作用

摘 要:研究采用问卷法,对我国西北多民族聚居地区少数民族大学生进行调查研究,主要探讨双文化认同整合对创造力的影响以及人格开放性的调节作用。结果表明:双文化认同整合的和谐-冲突维度能显著正向预测创造力,但混合-区分维度对创造力预测不显著;人格开放性在双文化认同整合的和谐-冲突维度与创造力的新颖性之间起到调节作用,即对于人格开放性高的个体而言,无论其双文化认同整合的程度高低,个体都表现出较高的创造力;但对于低人格开放性个体来说,随着双文化认同整合程度的提高,其创造力的新颖性也随之提高。本研究说明,双文化个体对两种文化认同整合良好时有助于提高创造力,且人格开放性调节二者之间的关系。在实践中,可以从二元文化的认同整合视角和人格开放性的培养方面提升少数民族的创造力。     

Role of the Big Five personality traits in predicting college students' academic motivation and achievement

College students (308 undergraduates) completed the Five Factor Inventory and the Academic Motivations Scale, and reported their college grade point average (GPA). A correlation analysis revealed an interesting pattern of significant relationships. Further, regression analyses indicated that conscientiousness and openness explained 17% of the variance in intrinsic motivation; conscientiousness and extraversion explained 13% of the variance in extrinsic motivation; and conscientiousness and agreeableness explained 11% of the variance in amotivation. Further, four personality traits (conscientiousness, openness, neuroticism, and agreeableness) explained 14% of the variance in GPA; and intrinsic motivation to accomplish things explained 5% of the variance in GPA. Finally, conscientiousness emerged as a partial mediator of the relationship between intrinsic motivation to accomplish and GPA. These results are interpreted within the context of what educators could do to encourage and nurture student motivation and achievement.     

浅析大五人格特质和社会群体地位的关系

个体的人格特质和他在社会群体中的地位存在一定的关系。人格大五的每一维度在个体获得社会地位中的作用不同。外倾性对个体的地位获得有很好的预测作用 ,而神经质则不利于个体获得社会地位 ;宜人性和社会地位之间的关系 ,目前尚无定论。在非正式社会群体中 ,个体的责任心、开放性和社会地位获得没有关系。     

透视我国第二代远程教育发展实践历程

广播电视大学实践并完成了中国第二代远程教育的主要历程,为从第二代向第三代远程教育的＂跨越式＂发展奠定了基础。运用历史的、辨证的和发展的观点,应用文献研究等研究方法,对这一历程进行梳理、审视和反思,具有重要的理论价值和实践指导意义。广播电视大学在中国第二代远程教育历程中,对远程教育和开放教育规律进行了持续的实践探索,形成了实践创新体系和独具特色的系统模式,为建设具有中国特色的远程开放大学积累了丰富经验。广播电视大学在第二代远程教育历程中存在的问题主要集中在开放性与教学现代化两个方面,系统建设和管理有待完善和改革,多媒体教学和教材建设有待进一步加强,队伍建设和理论建设有待突破。     

试论90后大学生“个性”对德性养成的影响及个性化德育方法

从高校德育的统一化、批量化的现状与受教育者思想品德水平差异化的矛盾出发,总结和分析90后大学生的自我、自主、求新、包容的个性特征对其德性养成的影响,提出个性化德育是高校德育方法改革重要方向。90后大学生的个体差异和个性特征应当得到关照,探寻满足多层次需要、实现自我教育、创新教育形式和关注个体道德评价标准的个性化德育方法。     

夫妻权力分配模式对青少年发展的影响研究

以核心家庭为研究对象,分析丈夫主导、妻子主导和夫妻平权三种夫妻权力分配模式对青少年发展的影响。研究发现夫妻平权模式更加普遍,家庭事务决策方面“男主外、女主内”的二元模式仍清晰存在。不同家庭特征下夫妻权力模式存在差异:当子女性别为女且为京户,妻子受教育程度不低于丈夫时,妻子在家庭权力分配中具有更高地位;反之,则丈夫具有更高权力地位。学业方面,丈夫主导型家庭更易出现学业成绩领先的青少年,但也容易出现学业落后的情况;妻子主导型家庭中成长的青少年表现出中下等学业成绩的概率较大。在社会适应和人格方面,平权家庭中青少年较妻权家庭往往伴随更高的社会适应水平,在谨慎性、开放性人格维度上显著高于夫权家庭。     

大学生人格素质教育的思考

人格素质教育是塑造健康人格的教育。针对大学生当前人格素质的现状,在进行内外归因的同时,提出应加强多维认知教育,强化大学生自我塑造意识;依据素质教育要求,积极进行大学课程改革;加强教育人格感染力,强化情感陶冶与行为训练等策略。     

The influence of personality factors,value appraisals,and control appraisals on cognitive test anxiety

Cognitive test anxiety is a considerable barrier to academic success. The control value theory of achievement emotions suggests emotions within academic situations—including test‐anxious responses—follow from control and value appraisals. Furthermore, the control value theory suggests a multitude of individual‐level factors that influence appraisals. However, few investigations have explored the interactive influence of enduring personality traits and control and value appraisals on the experience of cognitive test anxiety. The current study was designed to explore the relationship among openness to experience, neuroticism, conscientiousness, control and value appraisals, and cognitive test anxiety. Participants (N = 481) completed the Big Five Inventory, the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire, and the Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale‐Short Form. Using exploratory structural equation modeling, we demonstrated that value and control appraisals were important predictors of cognitive test anxiety. Furthermore, results indicated that openness to experience was a positive predictor of value appraisals. Finally, results indicated that higher levels of control appraisals were associated with higher levels of conscientiousness and openness to experience and lower levels of neuroticism. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the determinants of cognitive test anxiety and have implications for efforts designed to identify test‐anxious students.     

“90后”大学生的思想特点及其教育对策——生态系统理论视角的分析

"90后"大学生已渐渐成为大学生的主体,该群体的思想动态将直接影响到高校学生教育工作的开展。正确认识"90后"大学生的思想特点,并分析影响其思想特点的种种因素,对高校教育工作提供一个重要的参考建议。     

90后大学生社会主义核心价值体系的认同度调查及教育路径研究——以中南财经政法大学为例

90后大学生社会主义核心价值体系认同度调查结果表明,90后大学生对社会主义核心价值体系认知程度较好,对待学校思想政治理论课重视程度有待提高,对构建社会主义核心价值体系抱有更高的期望。加强当代90后大学生的社会主义核心价值体系认同,寻求行之有效的教育路径,应从夯实思想基础、强化情感认同、拓宽教育渠道、健全保障机制四个方面入手。     

“00后”高职生思想政治教育创新途径研究

自2018年以来,我国高校迎来了“00后”新一代大学生,“00后”大学生成长在美好的时代,也肩负着建设未来的重任,做好其思想政治教育工作意义重大。在文献研究以及调查研究的基础上,对“00后”高职生进行了简要的分析,并通过了解“00后”高职生思想政治教育的现状,结合高职院校思想政治教育的特点,对加强和改进“00后”高职生思想政治教育的创新路径作出了探索。     

基于留守经历高校新生的不良适应反观中学心理健康教育

随着城市化进程的快速推进,农村外出务工人员的子女教育问题越来越突出。通过对高校新生的学业、生活、心理健康等状况的调查,发现有留守经历的高校新生在生活实践、心理健康各维度上的均分显著高于常态大学生,有留守经历大学生的积极应对方式以及与父母关系的均分显著低于常态大学生。由此反观,高校新生的心理健康教育亟须从"起点"抓起,建构心理健康教育的"联动体系",打牢心理健康教育的"基础工程",才能有效推进心理健康教育工作持续开展,促进学生全面健康成长。     

基于内隐性态度研究的女大学生性教育现状与建议

目的:研究女大学生的内隐性态度及其影响因素,为女大学生性教育提出建议。方法:对355名女大学生进行内隐性态度的内隐联想实验(IAT)和问卷调查。结论:女大学生的内隐性态度是有双重标准的内隐性刻板态度,女性的性是被动、消极、利他的,男性的性是主动、积极、自私的;女大学生内隐性态度具有跨群体一致性;童年期(0-16岁间)的性虐待经历显著加强女大学生的内隐性刻板态度。建议:提升现有性教育效果,应在两个层面解构双重标准内隐性刻板态度,即"第一,解构二元对立逻辑基础的内隐性刻板态度为性教育原则;第二,在性教育技术层面应发展女大学生的性自我同情态度,超越内隐性刻板态度的影响"。