美国全国教育协会与《国防教育法》

美国全国教育协会是美国最具影响力的教育社团之一,中外学界曾对其给予一定的关注。就已有的研究成果来看,国内学者尚未深究全国教育协会与重大联邦教育立法《国防教育法》之间的关系。通过梳理《国防教育法》的出台过程以及全国教育协会争取联邦资助教育的历程,可以发现,全国教育协会将《国防教育法》的通过视为实现自身诉求的"垫脚石"。对于协会而言,1958年《国防教育法》的通过是一次"复杂的胜利"。法案背后承载的是全国教育协会与政策制定者的对弈。     

论在实施成功教育中加强价值观教育的基本途径与基本方法

在实施成功教育中加强价值观教育的基本途径大致有九:课程教学;专题讲座;渗透教育;个别辅导;媒体宣传;环境渲染;校园活动;模拟训练;社会实践.在实施成功教育中加强价值观教育的基本方法大致有八:系统教育法;专题教育法;渗透教育法;个别教育法;案例教育法;活动教育法;实践教育法;示范教育法.     

Challenges to critical legal education: A case study

The article analyses the impact of the neoliberal policy framework and managerialism on critical legal education in the context of Waikato Law Faculty, University of Waikato, Aotearoa New Zealand. The delivery of critical legal education challenges the ideology and implementation of current tertiary education policy and training because it is designed to deliver critical knowledge and not just vocational information. Waikato Law School was established in 1990 the year the neoliberal tertiary policy was enacted in the Education Amendment Act 1990. It represented an attempt to introduce a more critical and inclusive approach to legal education. The article provides an account of the struggle to maintain a critical approach under a statutory framework that requires conformity to government policy designed to cut the cost of tertiary education and integrate universities into a neoliberal policy framework. The case study is intended to illustrate the insidious influence of the policy on undermining a legal education that prepares students to think critically. It is also intended to illustrate that it is possible to resist this interference in the fundamental role of the academic to be the critic and conscience of society.     

浅析英国发展基础教育的六大举措

本文以法制精神为主轴,以重要教育举措为横轴,以"每个孩子都很重要"为教育价值取向,审视了英国从1944年到2008年过去半个多世纪颁布的几部影响着英国基础教育格局和走向的法律,如1944年的教育改革法,1988年教育改革法,1993年的教育法和2006年教育检查法等,以及发展基础教育的六大举措:如统一国家课程标准,发展自我管理学校,监控教育服务和质量,打造特色学校等。文章最后对我国教育可以借鉴的方面提出了建议。     

‘Do you ride on elephants’ and ‘never tell them you're German’: the experiences of British Asian and black,and overseas student teachers in South‐east England

In this article we report on part of a small‐scale study into the experiences of 28 British‐born Asian and black, and overseas student teachers, who were following both Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) and school‐based routes to qualified teacher status (QTS), in Sussex and Kent. The results indicate worrying degrees of racism, xenophobia and general ignorance in schools in South‐east England, a finding underscored by some recent interviews undertaken by a local council in the same region. The authors conclude that, in order to challenge this racism, xenophobia and ignorance, there is an urgent need to be proactive in undermining racism. This should include the full implementation of the Race Relations (Amendment) Act in all educational institutions and the endorsement of the Stephen Lawrence Enquiry (Macpherson) Report's recommendation for the amendment of the National Curriculum to provide an education which deals with racism awareness.     

'A Free Hand and Ready Help'? The Supervision and Control of Elementary Education in Staffordshire c. 1902-1914

This article looks at the controversy surrounding the 1902 Education Act in Staffordshire, and the role of the Education Committee and its first Director, Graham Balfour, during the first ten years of the implementation of the Act. The 1902 Education Act has often been seen as a watershed in the conflict between Nonconformist and Established Church educationalists. This study shows that while religious controversy dominated the months surrounding the passing of the Act and continued to preoccupy certain interest groups for many years, the new bureaucracy created in 1902 changed the central issues in elementary education. Religious priorities were replaced by financial and organisational priorities. Balfour's success in dealing with these new priorities provided elementary education in Staffordshire with a unity and stability notably absent during the 19th century. This article assesses Balfour's perspective, the attitudes and expectations of religious and educational groups, and the reality of elementary education in Staffordshire after the implementation of the 1902 Education Act.     

Should Trump Bother with an Education Agenda?

The principal opportunities awaiting the Trump administration in K–12 education are only loosely related to the candidate’s campaign comments about advancing school choice and reducing the federal Education Department. Recent passage of the Every Student Succeeds Act signals that Congress will be loath to re-open the major federal K-12 programs for amendment. Bright opportunities away in connection with the Perkins Act, special education and the Institute of Education Sciences (IES), as well as various domains--beginning with the Office for Civil Rights--that beg for strategic deregulation.     

Special Education in the United Kingdom

ALL CHILDREN of school age in the United Kingdom are the responsibility of the Education Authority and must be offered educational provision. About 1.3% of pupils attend special schools; other pupils with special educational needs receive support of various kinds in ordinary schools. The Education Act 1981 is the main legislative instrument concerned with special education: it defined special educational needs, established integration as a key principle guiding service provision and laid down detailed procedures for conducting assessments. Special educational provision is likely to be affected significantly by the general Education Act introduced in 1988 but the precise implications are not yet clear.     

The Correspondence Principle and the 1988 Education Reform Act

This article applies the correspondence thesis devised by Bowles and Gintis (1976) to the 1988 Education Reform Act. Theoretical shortcomings of the thesis are identified, and a reformulated version is suggested which incorporates resistances into the analysis of the education system. More limited claims for the thesis are posited. The Education Reform Act is then explored with reference to the revised correspondence principle. Building on the work of previous theorists, it is argued that we may be seeing shifts to post-Fordist education, although contradictions and tensions in this movement are identified. It is suggested that the quasi-market in education is to some extent a change in the legitimating processes of reproduction, rather than a change in what is being reproduced.     

澳大利亚高等教育资助制度改革新策略--《2003年高等教育支持法案》解析

2003年12月澳大利亚议会通过了《2003 年高等教育支持法案》。针对高等院校提出了联邦拨款计划、其他拨款和联邦奖学金拨款三种拨款形式,对学生应承担费用的贷款制度和全额付费学生的贷款制度进行了改革。《法案》力图通过改革经费资助制度来促进整个高等教育系统合理发展,促进高等教育的多样化,并保障不同经济背景的学生接受高等教育。《法案》还试图通过拨款使联邦政府对高等教育的管理在自由与调控之间取得一种平衡。     

关于我国古代未成年人刑事诉讼制度的探析——兼论《刑诉修正案》对古代刑事诉讼制度的继承和发展

十一届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过了《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法修正案》(简称《刑诉修正案》),其中对未成年人刑事诉讼程序做了专章规定。在我国古代各时期的立法中也有少量的关于未成年人刑事诉讼制度的规定,《刑诉修正案》在继承古代制度的基础上又实现了新的突破。文章就古代各时期立法中关于未成年人的刑诉制度进行梳理,并就《刑诉修正案》对我国古代未成年人刑事诉讼制度的继承和发展进行论述。     

REFORM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN MALTA

>Higher education in Malta is in the process of substantial reform which, among other things, includes:

• transfer of a number of degrees and courses from the Old to the New University and as well as the creation of new courses and degrees in the New University;

• changes in the administrative structures of higher education institutions (Old and New University)

• introduction of a worker‐student scheme for university entry;

• changes in the distribution of authority on higher education.

The introduction of the reform is regulated by the Education (Amendment) Act, 1978. Outlined below are the main elements of this reform as they are introduced in the Act, with a special emphasis on the new “worker‐student scheme for university admission”     

美国1972年《教育法修订》研究

美国1972年颁布的《教育法修订》是联邦教育政策的“基本法”,确立了联邦教育资助,特别是进行学生资助的基本模式,形成了改善教育公平的法律机制,也奠定了高等教育政策的基本方向。然而,在特定背景下的立法的修订过程又是复杂的,其利益的博弈与妥协,对其后教育的发展带来了不同的影响。     

NCLB与美国联邦基础教育价值取向的转变——基于Title I评价的视角

美国《不让一个孩子掉队法》(NCLB)是在对1965年《初等与中等教育法》不断修正的基础上发展而来的。法案的核心部分第一编(Title Ⅰ)中规定要对Title Ⅰ的实施及效果进行评价。在四十多年的发展历程中,Title Ⅰ评价历经变化,透过这一变化可以看出美国联邦基础教育价值取向经历了从追求教育平等到关注教育质量,发展到今天的兼顾平等与效率的转变历程。     

The New Style Boards of Governors – Are They Working?

In the 1980s, the Government believed that the extra demand for new graduates would need to be met by making higher education institutions more 'business–like'. This change was aimed at making these institutions more responsive to the country's economic needs by improving access, quality and efficiency. One consequence of the move to more 'business–like' organisations was the imposition, under The Education Reform Act (1988) and The Further and Higher Education Act (1992), of newly constituted boards of governors upon the new universities and colleges of higher education.
These new boards were structured so that the majority of their membership consisted of 'independent members', defined in the 1988 Act as 'persons appearing to the appointing authority to have experience of, and to have shown capacity in industrial, commercial, or employment matters or the practice of any profession'. These boards were expected to lead, or at least to act as catalysts for, the necessary change process. The paper argues that boards of governors could be said to be very efficient but not necessarily very effective and suggests that more needs to be known about the corporate governance process in the new universities and colleges of higher education.     

Historiographical Reflections on the 1902 Education Act

This paper offers an overview of the 20th century historiography of the 1902 Education Act. The Act and its educational consequences have been systematically reflected upon by historians of education in every decade since the 1950s. Eaglesham's ground-breaking and detailed study of the Act roughly marked its half-centenary. In the mid-1970s, its three-quarters centenary was marked by an important debate within the annual conference proceedings of the British History of Education Society, between Simon and Cruickshank. In the 1980s, the work of Reeder pushed this debate forward and later in the 1990s, Daglish offered new insights into the political background of the period. This article is concerned with how the story of the 1902 Education Act has been told by historians of education, how this story differs, and whether, in the light of more recent research, any new versions of the story might contribute a further dimension to our historical understanding.     

美国个别化教育计划的立法演进与发展

1975年,美国颁布的<所有残疾儿童教育法>首次提出要为每位接受特殊教育的特殊儿童制订个别化教育计划(简称IEP).随后,该法案经过了几次修订.每次法案修订时都根据当时的问题或需要调整IEP的要求,然而,这些要求的实现要受到多种因素的影响.本文回顾了30多年来美国IEP相关立法的演变进程,分析了IEP随之发生的变化以及对提供有效的特殊教育及相关服务的影响.     

Identification of gifted students with learning disabilities in a Response‐to‐Intervention era

The identification of children who are twice‐exceptional—those who are gifted and have concomitant learning disabilities (LDs)—has historically posed a number of challenges for school psychologists and other school personnel. With the reauthorization of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act and the shift to the use of a Response‐to‐Intervention (RtI) model to identify students with LDs, the task of identifying those who are twice exceptional is even more daunting. This article proposes an integrated model for the identification of gifted children with LDs that blends standardized assessment methods with practices consistent with RtI. This balanced approach brings together the best of both worlds to more accurately identify twice‐exceptional students and better meet their educational needs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Mandated team participation: Implications for psychologists working in the schools

Public Law 94-142, Education for All Handicapped Children Act, has had a dramatic impact on the schooling of exceptional children. Yet, rather limited attention has been directed to the one section of the law that mandates a particular decision-making approach for both the diagnosis and intervention tasks. The implications for the training and practice of applied psychologists who work with school-age children could be significant. This paper examines three areas of concern that impact the psychologist's role in working with exceptional children: (a) conditions that are considered crucial for the development of teams, (b) the literature regarding psychologists' input to school-based teams, and (c) reactions of school-based team members to such an approach. Related issues of importance to both trainers and practitioners in the field of psychology are then presented.     

The role of Representative Councils for Learners in South African schools: Maximal or minimal participation?

Abstract

In 1999 the South African Department of Education issued guides for the Representative Councils for Learners established in terms of the South African Schools Act, 1996 (Act 84 of 1996). This article examines the usefulness of these guides in promoting democracy and education for citizenship in South African schools. The guides are located in the context of theories of participatory democracy, representation, and education for citizenship, and of the democratic strengths of the People's Education Movement of the 1980s. In this context, it is argued that the main tendency of the guides is to undermine democratic participation, and that their favoured conception of education for citizenship is minimalist. The article emphasises the need for a more maximalist approach to citizenship education, and for more scope for participatory democracy in schools.