创建使学生没有焦虑感的英语课堂的探索

焦虑是影响学习的一个重要因素。本文将探讨学生在英语课堂产生焦虑感的原因,教师应该如何通过各种学习策略在进行课堂提问、听说教学以及进行课堂评估等容易使学生产生焦虑的环节为学生创建没有焦虑感的英语课堂。就学生方面来看,导致在课堂上焦虑的因素有很多,如英语基础知识     

课堂语言输入量对英语专业学生语言焦虑的影响

利用外语课堂学习焦虑感量表对山西农业大学英语专业082班的学生进行了4个学期的调查比较,来研究课堂语言输入量对英语学习中语言焦虑的影响。实验结果表明,增加课堂语言输入量可以有效地降低学生的语言焦虑,但要想使语言焦虑显著下降,课堂语言输入量必须达到或超过某个值。研究数据也表明,增加课堂语言输入量仅能部分解释语言焦虑降低的现象。     

农业院校大学生英语写作焦虑研究

本文调查了吉林农业大学学生的英语写作焦虑问题,通过问卷调查了解到学生在英语写作时有很强的紧张焦虑感,简单探讨了引起写作焦虑的因素,并进一步对如何缓解焦虑提出了相应的应对策略。缓解写作焦虑途径包括:学习者掌握个人学习策略;进行大学生英语课外阅读训练;教师设定好自己在课堂中的角色;进行定期的放松训练及教学中采用学生合作学习形式。调查结果对缓解紧张焦虑感及如何提高英语写作有一定的教学启示。     

浅析中职生英语学习焦虑感的成因和对策

英语学习焦虑感是阻碍中职生英语学习的主要情感因素之一,这一焦虑不但会降低学生英语学习的自信心,而且会影响到他们的交际等方面。本文分析了中职生英语学习焦虑感产生的原因,并从学生、课堂、教师等方面提出了降低中职生英语学习焦虑,增强英语学习信心的方法。     

学习焦虑对大学生英语口语成绩影响的实证研究

在二语学习过程中,学习焦虑是非常普遍的心理现象。本文通过口语测试和问卷的方式对大学生口语过程中的学习焦虑进行了调查,问卷采用在线发放,共收回有效问卷41份。用SPSS16.0对口语测试成绩及问卷结果进行了数据统计分析。研究结果表明:(1)不同性别学生的口语成绩及焦虑感不存在显著差异;(2)课堂焦虑、使用焦虑和评价焦虑与学生的口语成绩呈负相关;(3)学生的课堂口语焦虑明显高于使用焦虑和评价焦虑。     

妨碍性焦虑对课堂英语交流的影响

通过对学生在英语课堂交流过程中出现的妨碍性焦虑进行调查分析 ,发现课堂环境是引起学生焦虑感的主要原因 ,而教师的课堂行为和态度是引发环境型焦虑的关键因素 ,教师应加深对课堂环境因素的认识 ,创造更为宽松有利的外语学习环境     

新旧教学模式下外语学习焦虑的对比

多媒体网络辅助英语教学已被广泛运用在英语教学当中。在这种新的教学模式下,学生外语学习焦虑感是否与传统课堂教学环境有所不同,又有何不同?本文使用外语课堂焦虑表对本校的学生进行了问卷调查。结果发现在新的教学环境中,学生的学习焦虑感总体有所降低,但与此同时由于多媒体的使用又产生出了新的学习焦虑。就此,本文提出了一些相应的教学策略,旨在帮助学生克服和减轻新的教学环境下的学习焦虑。     

降低职高生英语课堂焦虑策略探讨

职高英语课堂中很多同学不愿开口讲英语,不愿用功学英语,焦虑感是产生这一现象的重要原因。本文将重点探讨焦虑感产生的原因,以及设计行之有效的课堂活动来降低学生焦虑的方法,以求达到让每个同学体验成功的快乐,提高学生学习英语的积极性,提高学生听说能力的效果。     

二语习得之情感因素与外语能力培养——以焦虑和听力为例

听力是外语能力的重要组成部分之一。二语习得研究表明,在影响英语听力的各种情感因素中,焦虑被视为对听力学习产生负面影响的最大因素之一。调查发现,在英语听力学习中,学生焦虑感具有普遍性,焦虑频率和焦虑程度高,焦虑产生的因素呈现多样化。针对焦虑产生的因素特点,结合实践教学,可采取有效方式,降低学生学习焦虑感,提升学生英语听力能力。     

对外汉语即时纠误反馈与学生课堂焦虑度研究

通过对CIEE（美国国际教育交流协会）上海学习中心的部分课堂的教学录音分析,结合对调查对象的汉语课堂焦虑度量表的统计,研究对外汉语教师使用的即时纠误反馈方式与学生课堂焦虑度之间的关系,并就研究结果提出相关建议。研究发现重述作为一种隐晦的纠误反馈方式,在降低课堂焦虑度方面确实起到明显的作用,而元语言提示的使用与学生的焦虑度呈正比。男生和女生在同样的课堂中,焦虑感趋于一致。     

英语口语学习焦虑和教师因素关系研究

高程度的学习焦虑可能对学生外语学习的态度产生负面的影响;外语教学者的内在因素在潜移默化地影响着学生课堂口语活动中的焦虑程度,其内容包括教师在课堂活动中的行为方式和个性特点.以教师的内在因素为出发点,探索合适的教学策略来帮助学生克服外语学习过程中的悲观情绪、迷惑感和失败感,以期共建轻松和谐的外语课堂环境.     

An integrative review of in-class activities that enable active learning in college science classroom settings

ABSTRACT

Engaging students in active learning is linked to positive learning outcomes. This study aims to synthesise the peer-reviewed literature about ‘active learning’ in college science classroom settings. Using the methodology of an integrative literature review, 337 articles archived in the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) are examined. Four categories of in-class activities emerge: (i) individual non-polling activities, (ii) in-class polling activities, (iii) whole-class discussion or activities, and (iv) in-class group activities. Examining the collection of identified in-class activities through the lens of a theoretical framework informed by constructivism and social interdependence theory, we synthesise the reviewed literature to propose the active learning strategies (ALSs) model and the instructional decisions to enable active learning (IDEAL) theory. The ALS model characterises in-class activities in terms of the degrees to which they are designed to promote (i) peer interaction and (ii) social interdependence. The IDEAL theory includes the ALS model and provides a framework for conceptualising different levels of the general concept ‘active learning’ and how these levels connect to instructional decision-making about using in-class activities. The proposed ALS model and IDEAL theory can be utilised to inform instructional decision-making and future research about active learning in college science courses.     

跨文化视角下大学英语第二课堂建设的探索

大学英语第二课堂是课内教学活动的有效延伸和补充。跨文化视角下的第二课堂活动既强调培养学生的交际能力和语言运用能力,又能够提高学生的文化素质和修养,从而有利于大学英语课内教学的开展,是探索大学英语两种课堂结合模式道路上的一次重要尝试。     

The effectiveness of the student response system (SRS) in English grammar learning in a flipped English as a foreign language (EFL) class

ABSTRACT

Flipped classes are well-known for reversing the typical in-class lecture and out-of-class homework structure by instructing students to learn by themselves from on-line learning materials and inviting them to ask questions based on their individual difficulties in class. Many attempts at integrating this teaching method into English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms have proven to be beneficial to students’ learning achievement and motivation. However, there is little research on how to organize interactive, engaging and effective in-class activities for an EFL flipped classroom. In this study, a student response system (SRS) is proposed to support teachers in organizing in-class activities in a flipped class. To investigate the effectiveness of this approach, a quasi-experiment was conducted in an EFL classroom in an engineering school. The experimental group used the SRS to do in-class activities while the control group followed the conventional method. The results showed that the use of the SRS increased students’ learning motivation and self-efficacy in learning English grammar and improved their participation and engagement in the in-class activities of the flipped learning process. Furthermore, the questionnaire results showed that students accepted the SRS as an instructional method in an EFL flipped class. However, the use of the SRS was not effective in improving students’ grammar learning achievement.     

The application of podcasting as an instructional tool to improve Turkish EFL learners’ speaking anxiety

The present study was designed to investigate: (a) the effect of podcasts in EFL students’ oral performance, (b) the effect of podcasts in EFL students’ speaking anxiety, (c) the relationship between speaking anxiety and oral performance, and (d) EFL students’ perceptions of using podcasts. This study was conducted in a high school in Istanbul, Turkey. The students in two ninth-grade classes in the subject school were given the anxiety questionnaire, consisting of 24 items related to general foreign language class anxiety and in-class activities. A total of 30 students with the highest anxiety levels were chosen among these students. The oral performances of these students were evaluated through the Test of Spoken English and the students were also interviewed about their speaking anxiety and their oral performances. For 12 weeks, the control group followed the course book and did the speaking activities in it, while the experimental group created podcasts in addition to those activities. At the end of 12 weeks, the participants were given the anxiety post-test, the post-interview, and the oral performance post-test. The perceptions of the students in the experimental group of podcasts were examined through three interviews during the study. The results of the study showed that students who used podcasts had higher oral performance and lower speaking anxiety levels than the students who didn’t use podcast; and there was a negative relationship between the participants’ oral performances and speaking. The analysis of the interviews on podcasts revealed that the students believed podcasts helped them feel not or less anxious, and more confident; improve their oral performances and pronunciation; and expand their vocabulary.     

Gamification of in-class activities in flipped classroom lectures

For higher education, the question of how in-class activities can be supported in large lectures is of great relevance. This paper suggests a gamified flipped classroom approach to address this challenge. In an experimental study, N = 205 educational science students performed either gamified in-class activities using a gamified quiz with points and a team leaderboard, or non-gamified in-class activities using exercise sheets. In line with the theory of gamified learning, the results show a positive indirect effect of gamification on application-oriented knowledge that is mediated by learning process performance. Furthermore, based on a self-determination theory framework, the results show positive effects of gamified in-class activities on intrinsic motivation and social relatedness, but no significant effect on competence need satisfaction. The study provides insights into a particular casual construct of game design elements (points and team leaderboards) triggering specific mechanisms (immediate task-level feedback and team competition) affecting a mediator (learning process performance) that in turn affects a learning outcome (application-oriented knowledge).     

高中数学课堂活动教学的实践与思考

课堂活动教学是让课堂教学焕发生机与活力的重要教学形式。数学实验、设置问题解答、设置错误纠正等是课堂活动教学的有效形式。实施课堂活动教学要以学生为主体；要激发学生参与学习活动的欲望；要给学生主动发展提供广阔的时间和空间；要重视交流与合作；要提高活动教学的针对性。     

Is Peer Interaction Necessary for Optimal Active Learning?

Meta-analyses of active-learning research consistently show that active-learning techniques result in greater student performance than traditional lecture-based courses. However, some individual studies show no effect of active-learning interventions. This may be due to inexperienced implementation of active learning. To minimize the effect of inexperience, we should try to provide more explicit implementation recommendations based on research into the key components of effective active learning. We investigated the optimal implementation of active-learning exercises within a “lecture” course. Two sections of nonmajors biology were taught by the same instructor, in the same semester, using the same instructional materials and assessments. Students in one section completed in-class active-learning exercises in cooperative groups, while students in the other section completed the same activities individually. Performance on low-level, multiple-choice assessments was not significantly different between sections. However, students who worked in cooperative groups on the in-class activities significantly outperformed students who completed the activities individually on the higher-level, extended-response questions. Our results provide additional evidence that group processing of activities should be the recommended mode of implementation for in-class active-learning exercises.     

Improving the integrated experience of in-class activities and fine-grained data collection for analysis in a blended learning class

Blended learning has steadily gained in popularity at the higher levels of education. This marks a change in pedagogical approaches from one-directional instruction to an interactive and technology-aided class. However, to manage fluent in-class activities and proper data analysis, real-time and fine-grained data collection activities are still needed. We propose an approach which provides rich information about student activities and automates processes which are time-consuming and which otherwise require extraneous effort. First, we implemented a program to collect real-time and fine-grained data and to provide an integrated experience during in-class activities. Second, we undertook a data analysis with the collected real-time, fine-grained data. Our blended learning is a type of flipped learning with personal response systems (PRSs) of the type commonly known as clickers. We used clickers for attendance, quizzes, and daily surveys, and collected the resulting data. Our outcome shows that the blended learning approach improves student achievement levels with a relatively small standard deviation compared to traditional classes. In addition, the present findings are factors related to student satisfaction and seat position, as analyzed from the data collected using the clickers.     

Investigating Strategies for Pre-Class Content Learning in a Flipped Classroom

In a flipped classroom model, learning of basic content is shifted before class while in-class time is used for concept application. Empirical and controlled research studies are lacking on the best strategies to provide the necessary pre-class content instruction. In this study, we tested three methods of pre-class content learning—interactive online tutorials, video lectures, and textbook-style readings—while holding the content and the in-class application activities constant. Identical introductory, non-majors biology classes were manipulated at both a public, open-enrollment institution and a private, highly selective institution. We found that video lectures offer a small advantage to overall student learning over interactive tutorials or textbook-style readings. Although our two populations differed in their ability to effectively learn from pre-class activities, through a student-centered flipped classroom approach, students at both institutions demonstrated equal learning gains by the final assessment. Potential reasons for some observed differences are suggested.