The predictors of perceived social support among former foster youth

Based on a 5-wave panel survey of 732 foster youth, the current study examined the respective relationships between foster youths' individual characteristics, youths' social connections with individuals and formal institutions, and the development of perceived social support across the transition to adulthood. Several youth characteristics – including self-reported delinquency and attachment insecurity – were found to be statistically significantly associated with perceived social support. Attachment insecurity also appeared to mediate the relationships between social support and several other youth-level characteristics, including prior placement disruptions and placement with relatives. Social connections with different types of individuals – including caregivers, relatives, natural mentors, and romantic partners – were found to be associated with additive increases in perceived social support. However, some types of connections (e.g., romantic partners, natural mentors) appeared to be associated with much larger increases in social support than other connections (e.g., school or employment). Collectively, the findings help inform agencies' efforts to bolster foster youths' social connections as they transition to adulthood.     

Quality job indicators for individuals with learning disabilities

This study identifies the quality job indicators and employer training required to provide appropriate support for students with learning disabilities (LD) to obtain and maintain employment. A consortium of collaborators was established from a university and state workforce commission grant project, a school district and 55 employers. Employers were trained to implement the quality indicators identified in literature found to support students with LD in paid employment while attending high school. The methodology consisted of gathering qualitative data from employer surveys and interviews reporting experiences and examining data results. Participants included 56 students with LD placed with 55 employers who had been trained in implementing the identified quality job indicators. Fourteen of the 21 quality job indicators were reported to be implemented by at least 90% of the employers. The quality indicators implemented are related to time expectations, on-the-job training, retraining, problem solving, supervision, verbal and written communication, flexible scheduling, breaks and positive reinforcement. The employers reported training in the use of the quality job indicators was effective in providing individuals with LD positive support in the workplace.     

环境支持、求职行为对高校毕业生求职结果的影响研究——以北京联合大学生物化学工程学院为例

就业是最大的民生,近年来大学生就业形势严峻,已成为社会各界关注的重点问题。本文基于北京联合大学生物化学工程学院2020届本科毕业生的调研数据,探讨环境支持、求职行为及求职结果三者间的关系,研究发现环境支持、求职行为对求职结果具有显著的正向影响,且求职行为在环境支持和求职结果之间具有中介效应。根据研究结果,从个体、学校及...     

中职贫困生家庭资本、人力资本与就业支持对就业质量的影响研究

为探讨中职贫困生家庭资本、人力资本和就业支持对就业质量的影响,使用家庭资本量表、人力资本量表、就业质量量表和学校就业支持问卷,对796名中职贫困生的就业情况进行调查。研究发现,家庭资本正向预测就业质量,且家庭文化资本的预测作用大于家庭经济资本和家庭社会资本;人力资本在家庭资本与就业质量关系中起部分中介作用,并受到学校就业支持的调节;充分的就业支持可以弥补家庭资本匮乏及其引发的人力资本薄弱。因此,为提高贫困生就业质量,建议重视并激发家庭文化资本的就业促进功能,建立贫困生人力资本补偿机制及构建主客体资源双向流动的就业支持体系。     

Does parental employment affect children's educational attainment?

This paper analyzes whether there exists a causal relationship between parental employment and children's educational attainment. We address potential endogeneity problems due to (i) selection of parents in the labor market by estimating a model on sibling differences and (ii) reverse causality by focusing on parents’ employment when children are aged 0–3. We use data from the German Socioeconomic Panel that provide information on household income, parental employment, and time spent with child care. Our approach disentangles income and time effects of parental employment. Overall, we find little support that parental employment affects children's educational attainment. Controlling for household income, we can rule out that having a mother who works one hour more per week lowers the probability of high secondary track attendance by more than 0.1%.     

The Transition Lynchpin: The Voices of Individuals with Disabilities Who Attended a Community College Transition Program

Nearly 60% of students with disabilities who attend postsecondary institutions attend community colleges. Individuals with disabilities paralleling their peers without disabilities need the postsecondary education opportunity to develop vocational skills, the time to mature, and the experience of living with others. A transition program, a K–12 and community college partnership, was developed to support students in this mission. A narrative inquiry methodology was utilized to understand the community college experience of students with disabilities in a transition program. Findings indicate that the program benefited the individuals. It did this by supporting completion of a vocational program leading to gainful employment and as a transition into adult roles and status. The program also provided opportunities that enhanced the individuals' self-esteem, and it facilitated the individuals becoming more independent and responsible.     

Developing strong transition-focused IEPS using labour market data

Employment rates and post-school transition outcomes for individuals with disabilities remain alarmingly low compared to peers without disabilities. Transition-Focused Individualized Education Plans (TF-IEPs) often centre on skills associated with employment experience opportunities that are immediately available to the individual with a disability. While the transition plans focus on the student's strengths and areas of interest, less attention is paid to the guidance and support a student might need in choosing a sustainable career. We contend that teams must develop transition plans with specific attention to projected labour market data. Using this information will ensure that we are preparing students with disabilities for long-term success. This article describes how school teams can use an in-depth labour market analysis to develop robust transition plans. These plans will prepare students for careers that will last far into the future.     

外语专业毕业生“一带一路”国家就业意向分析

通过对外语专业毕业生在“一带一路”沿线国家的就业意向及其影响因素调查,显示:是否独生子女、政治面貌、成绩排名、就业指导和父母意见是影响学生是否愿意去“一带一路”沿线国家就业的重要因素。研究结论表明,个人及家庭、学校的就业指导等因素对外语专业毕业生“一带一路”沿线国家就业意向有重要影响,高校应围绕加大宣传力度、优化专业课程、加强思政教育与实践、提供针对性就业指导等方面帮助学生提高对“一带一路”就业的认知程度、国际化水平、独立意识和挑战精神,从而更好地为“一带一路”倡议提供好人才支撑。     

社会支持与应对方式在缓解大学生就业压力中的作用

就业困难已经成为当代大学生的主要应激源,缓解大学生的就业压力应该作为高校教育的一项常规工作来做。社会支持和应对方式是缓解心理压力的重要因素,可以作为干预大学生就业压力的切入点。通过对大学二、三年级本科生的调查表明,就业压力在大二学生中就普遍存在,到了大三更为严重;信息性支持、工具性支持以及成熟的应对方式对于缓解大学生的就业压力具有积极意义。因此,优化大学生的就业支持资源、改善大学生的应对方式可以作为干预其就业压力的基本教育策略。     

Early career teacher peer support through private groups in social media

This paper describes the support that Australian early career teachers are accessing through private groups within social media. It presents findings from 22 interviews with teachers who indicated that Facebook was a source of support. Participants describe using private online groups for: (a) support during casual employment; (b) accessing collegial support from pre-existing connections, in particular those formed during initial teacher education; and (c) support to deal with challenging situations such as a hostile work environment. The paper suggests that further research needs to be conducted into how private media groups might support the needs of early career teachers.     

Students’ expectations about earnings and employment and the experience of recent university graduates: Evidence from Cyprus

The employability of university graduates constitutes a major policy concern in both developed and developing nations. In this context, the present study uses self-reported data to compare the earnings and employment expectations of university students, and the realised earnings and employment paths of recent graduates. The sample consisted of 476 individuals (243 students and 233 graduates of the University of Cyprus). The analysis points to both differences and similarities in the effect of different variables on (a) the probability of employment for graduates and the probability of expected employment for students, and (b) the conditional salary of graduates and the conditional expected salary of students. The completion of postgraduate studies, the area of family residence and the department of study are the key factors affecting the graduates’ employment probability, while the students’ probability of expected employment is determined differently, namely by characteristics such as secondary education performance and studies in the business administration department. Gender and family income are among the main determinants of both the graduates’ actual earnings and the students’ expected earnings, with women earning or expecting to earn less than men, and graduates/students with higher family incomes earning or anticipating to earn more than their lower income counterparts. The findings are compared to those of similar studies in other countries.     

‘The teacher said I'm thick!’ Experiences of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder within a school setting

Children and young people who have been diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can often experience difficulties within an education setting. ADHD can impact upon their educational achievements and subsequent future employment. This paper draws upon data gathered from a small scale study and has sought to elicit the ‘voice’ of young people who have ADHD and their experience within a school setting. Findings of this study indicate that there is a need for teachers to be more informed about the impact that ADHD can have on a pupil and teachers need to develop positive strategies to support these individuals within the classroom. Ideally, adequate training around ADHD should begin within initial teacher training prior to entering the teaching profession.     

对提升大学生就业能力问题的研究

大学生就业能力的提升已成为当今中国一系列就业问题中一道特殊的难题。研究当代大学生就业能力问题可以帮助大学生认清客观状况,形成理性的择业就业心态,对于促进大学生就业并提高就业质量至关重要。通过对大学生就业所处的环境进行分析,研究大学生就业存在的问题,从国家、社会、学校和大学生个人多方面提出提高大学生就业能力的对策。     

对当前大学生就业难问题的思考

大学生就业难的主要原因是由于信息不对称、资源不对称和需求不对称造成的。对此,我们要认清就业形势,转变就业观念;增强竞争意识,提高自身素质;规范就业市场,拓宽就业渠道;依靠全社会的力量,齐心协力地来解决这一问题。     

师范生就业现状与对策研究

当前,就业困难是一个世界性的难题。文章分析当代师范生面对的就业情况,指出解决师范生就业难的问题,需要毕业生、学校、政府三方面共同付出,共同努力。一要对现状进行调查,深入了解人才市场现阶段的情况;二要根据调查结果培养符合社会需要的人才;三是拓展就业渠道;四是相关部门要对高校给予政策扶持和引导。     

Slipping through the cracks: teachers who miss out on early career support

This paper presents evidence from a nationally representative sample of early career teachers about those likely to miss out on formal support, and the employment conditions associated with this absence of support. It uses survey data from the Staff in Australia’s Schools Survey. Consistent with existing research, our results suggest a relationship between early career teachers with insecure employment and a lack of support. The findings suggest that, for early career teachers, being unsupported is associated with dissatisfaction with professional relationships and career opportunities; and that this dissatisfaction is associated with an intention to leave the profession.     

基于SWOT模型的女大学生就业对策

女大学生就业难已是不争的事实,但至今仍没得到切实有效的解决。运用SWOT分析可知,女大学生在就业方面既存在优势,也存在劣势,既面临机会,也面临挑战,女大学生就业有四种战略选择：增长型战略（SO）,扭转型战略（WO）,多样化战略（ST）和防御型战略（WT）。促进女大学生就业,首先学校要加强思想教育、专业教育和职业规划教育,其次在就业中体现男女平等,第三女大学生要发挥自身优势,迎接挑战。     

从个人社会化看失业与再就业问题

个人社会化作用于失业的规律在于 :失业主体的社会化程度越高 ,失业行为发生的可能性就越小 ;失业主体的社会化程度越低 ,失业行为发生的可能性就越大。个人社会化作用于再就业的规律在于 :再就业主体的社会化程度越高 ,再就业行为发生的可能性就越大 ;再就业主体的社会化程度越低 ,再就业行为发生的可能性就小。构建再就业的个人社会化机制 ,必须不断提高再就业主体的职业技能社会化水平、就业价值体系社会化水平和职业角色社会化水平。     

大学生就业能力提升微探

目前大学生就业能力还有待进一步提高,我们需要采取切实可行的对策。本文从大学生自身、学校、政府以及用人单位等四个方面对就业能力的提升进行了探讨。为了提高大学生就业能力,对于大学生自身而言,其应做好个人职业生涯发展规划、树立正确的就业观、夯实基础知识,积极参加实践活动;对于学校而言,其应转变培养目标与模式、调整专业设置、加...