ICEM Annual General Assembly, 1978

The 1978 General Assembly of the International Council for Educational Media, held at the Wembley Conference Centre, London, on 13 and 14 October, was attended by representatives from over 20 member states. An observer from Kenya, which is considering making application to join the International Council, was also present.     

ICEM General Assembly And Conference 1979

The ICEM General Assembly and Conference were held in Geneva from 23 September to 6 October 1979. The General Assembly, which preceded the Conference, was under the presidency of Ronnie Macluskie. During the Assembly ICEM members drew up new working plans for the sub-committees in charge of equipment, innovation and development and production and exchange. Members were able to attend the first showing of the film ‘Man and Energy’ which has been financed by a number of member countries and which will soon be available for use in education. At the conclusion of the General Assembly Hans Greetfeld was unanimously elected President.     

Introduction to ICEM General Assembly and Conference 1980

The thirtieth General Assembly of ICEM was held in Helsinki, Finland, from 6 to 11 October 1980. Thirty years is a respectable age for an organisation dealing with such a “modern” concept as educational technology. It is time to look back at what has been accomplished, to take a close look at the present state of the organisation, and to face the intermediate and more distant challenges of the future. This is exactly what the president of ICEM Hans Greetfeld did in his report to the General Assembly. Since the text is also of general interest, we are printing it in this issue for the benefit of readers.     

21st Annual General Meeting of ICEM

The 21st Annual Meeting of the International Council for Educational Media was held in Montreal, Canada from 6 to 11 October 1971. The organisation of the Annual Meeting and World Conference was in the hands of the Canadian full member of ICEM representing the National Film Board of Canada.     

Icem General Assembly and International Conference - Geneva, 1979

Below is the provisional agenda for the above event. Theme of the conference will be ‘Teaching of, and by, Audio-Visual Communication’.     

School and Society,July 1, 1979, to June 30, 1980

The Elementary School [Folkeskole]

In the past year, the folkeskole has been better material for the media than any time in the past, and its circumstances, its tasks, its content, and its results have been commented upon and discussed in both the national and the local press. In the school year 1979-1980, there were 740,000 pupils enrolled in these schools, including kindergarten classes (Jyllandsposten 4/19). The number of children is decreasing as reported by central authorities from the Minister of Education, for example, in Politiken, 1/16, which at the same time reports that the development of the school has therefore become difficult to control, as many municipalities have reported, e.g., Frederikshavn Avis 3/13.     

School and Society,April 1, 1977, to July 1, 1979

The subject of school and society is more comprehensive in the yearbook for 1979 than it usually is. Several factors are responsible for this: in the first place the reportage covers two years and in the second place it has been extended further, namely to March 30, so that it could cover both the school year and the parliamentary year, allowing us to report on legislative initiatives and the school debate around them in a mutually coherent way. Finally, material concerning the school has been much more abundant in the daily press now than earlier. This is both because some particularly important subjects have been debated, such as morning prayer, the Tvind school, and the U-90, and also because material concerning the school has been dealt with much more by the mass media than previously, and various events have been covered more comprehensively and in more newspapers than before.     

伦敦政治经济学院通识课程设置与启示

通识课程是通识教育得以实施的载体。近年来,随着通识教育越来越受到高校的重视,通识课程也成为高校课程体系的重要组成部分。考察伦敦政治经济学院的人才培养目标、课程体系和设置,对我国商科院校的通识课程建设颇有启示。商科院校在通识课程建设中应围绕学校人才培养目标进行合理规划,突出商科特色;促进通识课程与专业课程相融合;设置综合性通识必修课程;打破重人文轻应用的观念;去除通识课程考核的功利性。     

Sex education,homosexuality, and social contestation in 1970s New Zealand

This essay examines the relationships between homosexuality and sex education in New Zealand during the 1970s. It argues that reading sex education debates and resources provides a useful way of exploring connections between the ontologies and politics of sexuality at that time. In particular, the advent of social movements concerned with sexual issues marked a turning point in homosexuality's appearance within formal and informal modes of sex education. During the 1970s, sex education and related debates became a key site at which various conceptualisations of homosexuality were constructed and contested. By analysing the struggles between radical and conservative perspectives, we can see how same‐sex desire came to symbolise changing sexual mores, as well as broader ideas about social order and social change.     

中国产品内外市场占有系数研究——模型、测量与国际比较

经济全球化背景下一国产品同时被国内、国外两个市场吸收,一国产品占国内、国外两个市场的比例对本国经济发展有重要作用。对传统总需求函数进行重构可以推导、定义一国产品的内外市场占有系数,并明确它们对一国均衡产出与政府支出乘数的影响。经验研究发现,1992—2004年中国产品内部市场占有系数正以高于美国、日本、德国、法国等主要发达国家的速度下降,而外部市场占有系数正在以高于各主要发达国家的速度上升。内部市场占有系数下降的原因可主要归结为我国市场开放力度不断增强、人均收入增长较快而消费需求不足、原材料进口量价猛增等,外部市场占有系数的上升则可归因于大量外商直接投资造成的生产集中效应、中国出口产品技术含量的上升以及人民币汇率的长期低估。鉴于我国内部市场的巨大容量与潜力,应当在保证产品外部市场占有系数稳定增长的同时,适当控制内部市场占有系数的下降趋势。     

Advances in MXene Films: Synthesis,Assembly, and Applications

A growing family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides or nitrides, known as MXenes, have received increasing attention because of their unique properties, such as metallic conductivity and good hydrophilicity. The studies on MXenes have been widely pursued, given the composition diversity of the parent MAX phases. This review focuses on MXene films, an important form of MXene-based materials for practical applications. We summarized the synthesis methods of MXenes, focusing on emerging synthesis strategies and reaction mechanisms. The advanced assembly technologies of MXene films, including vacuum-assisted filtration, spin-coating methods, and several other approaches, were then highlighted. Finally, recent progress in the applications of MXene films in electrochemical energy storage, membrane separation, electromagnetic shielding fields, and burgeoning areas, as well as the correlation between compositions, architecture, and performance, was discussed.

     

Metacognition,General Ability,and Mathematical Understanding

The purpose of the present study was threefold: (a) to examine the extent to which kindergarten children acquire metacognitive knowledge related to mathematics; (b) to investigate the relationships between children's metacognitive knowledge and general ability; and (c) to examine the relative roles of general ability and metacognition in facilitating word problem solutions. Participants were 32 kindergarten children. Results showed that preschoolers acquired a substantial metacognitive knowledge about mathematical word problems. That knowledge was highly correlated with mathematics performance, even after general ability was controlled. The study further shows that metacognition explained more of the variance in mathematics performance than general ability. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.     

Metacognition, General Ability, and Mathematical Understanding

The purpose of the present study was threefold: (a) to examine the extent to which kindergarten children acquire metacognitive knowledge related to mathematics; (b) to investigate the relationships between children's metacognitive knowledge and general ability; and (c) to examine the relative roles of general ability and metacognition in facilitating word problem solutions. Participants were 32 kindergarten children. Results showed that preschoolers acquired a substantial metacognitive knowledge about mathematical word problems. That knowledge was highly correlated with mathematics performance, even after general ability was controlled. The study further shows that metacognition explained more of the variance in mathematics performance than general ability. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.