一类易变质产品供应链联合定价和库存管理的平均收益准则模型

本文讨论了一类易变质(Perishable)产品供应链在长期平均收益准则下的最优联合定价和库存策略问题。我们分析了该问题最优促销定价和库存联合策略的性质和存在性,获得了长期平均收益准则下最优促销定价和库存联合策略的最优结构。分析的结果表明该类易变质产品供应链在无限阶段长期平均收益准则下的最优促销定价和库存联合策略是一由基准库存和标价向量刻画的与各阶段变质产品库存水平[EQUATION]相关的基准库存标价策略。     

基于S7-200的智能垃圾箱设计

设计一种具有识别玻璃和金属类可回收垃圾并将其称重、计价和进行现金收益与物品兑换的装置,提高人们参与环境保护的积极性。     

有价证券投资的优化研究

<正>本文研究的是将资金用于有价证券投资,使收益最大化的问题。首先对题干要求进行分析,接着找出约束条件并建立线性规划模型,最后利用LINGO软件进行求解。一、问题提出为了使规定的资金在各个方面的限制下,制定最优策略使得到的收益最大,某经理希望通过数学建模来解决对1000万元资金的投资安排,具体问题如下:①若该经理拥有1000万元资金,在证券数量、信用等级、到期年限、到期税前收益的约束     

开放式创新下合作型研发外包中知识转移的激励研究——基于演化博弈模型

针对开放式创新下合作型研发外包中知识转移行为，考虑到这种类型的研发外包中发包方和接包方的知识转移关系较以往有所不同，论文研究了发包方和接包方的知识转移行为和策略。依据发包方和接包方所采用的不同策略，构建了二者的收益矩阵，并以此建立研发外包中知识转移的演化博弈模型，从中分析得到发包方和接包方知识转移行为的演化稳定策略。结果表明:接包方和发包方的知识转移侧策略选择与二者的收益比例密切相关，当二者的知识转移收益比例的取值范围发生变化时，其演化稳定策略也随之变化。并分析了转移成本、知识投入以及合作研发能力对于演化稳定策略的影响。然后针对在知识转移中发包方或者接包方“搭便车”的行为问题，分析了在加入激励机制情形下所呈现的演化博弈结果。最后利用数值模拟法，验证了模型和结论的有效性。     

论人民币资本项下可兑换的渐进实现

在经济全球化和金融自由化的国际背景下,随着中国经济改革和市场开放的深入,渐进稳妥的开放资本市场、放松资本项目管制、最终实现人民币的可自由兑换是中国外汇管理体制改革的必然结果.但同时又要把实现包括资本项目可兑换在内的人民币完全可兑换作为中国外汇管理体制改革的长远目标,尊重中国金融市场的现实发展阶段,深入研究我国在推进人民完全可自由兑换的所面临的障碍和条件,分步进行渐进实现人民币在资本项下的可自由兑换.     

基于收益共享契约的突发事件下四级供应链协调研究

研究四级供应链在突发事件下的协调问题.首先构建基于收益共享契约的四级供应链模型,证明该模型在正常状态下可以实现供应链协调,然后分析突发事件下造成市场随机需求和生产成本同时扰动时,原收益共享契约无法实现供应链协调的原因,提出应对策略并改进收益共享契约使供应链达到协调,最后经数值算例得到验证.研究结果表明,运用收益共享契约不仅能够有效地协调供应链,而且对供应链系统具有较好鲁棒性.     

基于动态演化的高校专利商业化合作博弈研究

将企业和高校专利商业化合作过程中的策略划分为合作策略和不合作策略,引入演化博弈理论分析方法,基于演化博弈思想构建企业与高校间专利商业化合作的演化博弈模型,基于动态的观点考察两个群体在专利商业化合作过程中的策略选择和演化路径问题;在此基础上,探索影响企业和高校专利商业化合作的关键因素。研究表明,企业和高校专利商业化合作过程中的策略演化稳定于合作、不合作或者合作与不合作混合的均衡状态,至于最终稳定于何种状态,取决于该模型的支付矩阵;并且该系统合作策略的演化与模型初始参数设置,如合作获得的额外收益、违约金、合作风险损失、初始成本以及合作收益的贴现因子等因素密切相关,初始参数变化将导致系统收敛于不同的均衡点。     

CDRS:云存储中一种代价驱动的自适应副本策略

针对云存储环境下突出的一些新问题,如网络的广域性与动态性、商业利益的追求、一致性与可用性的权衡等,提出了一种代价驱动的自适应副本策略CDRS.该副本策略通过引 入市场机制中的代价,综合考虑负载平衡及一致性与可用性的均衡,对副本进行自适应的操作,达到最小化副本开销和最大化副本收益的目标.实验结果表明,与传统的副本策略相比,该策略在副本收益以及负载均衡方面有着更大的优势.     

创新生态系统价值共创行为协调机制研究

对于创新生态系统来说，价值共创行为协调机制是保障其稳定运行关键所在。本文基于演化博弈的视角构建了创新生态系统价值共创行为协调机制演化模型，并分析了其演化过程。研究结果表明：创新生态系统价值共创行为演化结果能否向全面协调方向发展，主要受到价值共创超额收益分配比例、协调合作的成本、选择欺骗策略收益以及单独采取合作策略收益及奖惩力度等一系列因素的影响。将超额收益分配与合作成本分摊比例控制在合理范围内，进一步减少合作成本，增加单独合作收益与合作超额收益，降低欺骗策略收益，加强惩罚力度，这都能够促进创新生态系统稳定持续发展。     

现有条件下人民币自由兑换面临的问题

实现人民币的自由兑换是我国市场经济不断发展的必然结果。但是,在现有条件下,人民币自由兑换还面临诸多问题,宏观和微观经济条件尚未完全具备,它们的根本改善是一项复杂而庞大的系统工程。所以,人民币自由兑换必然是一个循序渐进、逐步开放的过程。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.