诊断射线之父——威廉·伦琴

威廉·伦琴生于一个布匹生产商的家庭,并且是商人的独生子。他3岁时,全家搬至荷兰,在那里上了寄宿学校。那时他并没有显现出任何特殊的天赋,但是非常热爱自然并喜欢在空旷地区和森林漫步。他特别擅长制作机械小发明,这个性格特征在之后的生活中一直保留着。1862年他进入一个技术学校,但是却因为被揭发画漫画讽刺一位老师而被不公平地开除了,实际上做这件事的另有其人。     

试论左思的《咏史诗》

左思的《咏史诗》对历史事实进行了巧妙的加工处理,融入诗人的人生感慨;语言质朴,造语奇伟,显示出其独立的人格和强烈的个性色彩.     

吐光芒与冒黑烟

关于读书与治学,章太炎先生在日本东京对中国留学生作的一次演讲中,打了两个非常有趣的比方。第一,是本钱和利息的比喻。他说:"大概看前人已成的书,仿佛是借钱一样,借了来,会做买卖,赢得许多利息,本钱虽则要还债主,赢利是自己所有。若不会做买卖,把借来的钱,死放在窖子里头,后来钱还是     

漂泊的身世与超越的情怀--柳永其人其词

柳永是宋代全力作词并取得多方面开创性成就的第一位词人，对当时和以后的词学发展产生了广泛而久远的影响。赢得“凡有井水饮处，即能歌柳词”的社会声誉。他的词作既是他所经历所理解的社会生活的反映，同时也是他不假掩饰的真实情感的流露。这些词无论是思想内容，还是艺术表现手法，都展现出令人耳目一新的美学风貌，蕴含着长久不衰的艺术魅力。     

Ramachandran and his Map

Conclusion  Ramachandran’s work bears testimony to his untiring dedicated effort towards advancement of science. His entire work was carried out in India, both at the University of Madras and at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore during a period when the facilities available were meagre compared to those available elsewhere in the world. Ramachandran angles, Ramachandran plot and Ramachandran map, which has successfully withstood the test of time will, no doubt, continue to be useful tools for those involved in any kind of studies on proteins and peptides. Being trained as a physicist, his work has the stamp of physics in every aspect, such as mathematical formulation, removal of ambiguity through rigid definition and exposition, which are the hallmark of a good scientist.     

Wilson and his sources

EXPERIMENTS ON MASS COMMUNICATION. By Carl I. Hovland, Arthur A. Lumsdaine, and Fred D. Sheffield. (Volume III of Studies in Social Psychology in World War II) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1949; pp. x+345. $5.00.

SPEECH OF OUR TIME. Edited by Clive Sansom. London: Hinrichsen, 1948; pp. 228. $4.50.

AN INDEX TO ARISTOTLE. By Troy Wilson Organ. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 19.48; pp. vi+181. $5.00.

THE PREPARATION OF SERMONS. By A. W. Blackwood. New York and Nashville: Abingdon‐Cokesbury Press, 1948; pp. 272. $3.00.

PREACHING AND THE DRAMATIC ARTS. By E. Winston Jones. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1948; pp. ix +123. $2.00.

FEMALE PERSUASION. By Margaret Farrand Thorp. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1919; PP. 254. $3.75.

PLAIN WORDS. A Guide to the Use of English. By Sir Ernest Gowers. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1948. Distributed by the British Information Service, New York; pp. 94. $1.15.

THE ART OF ACTING. By John Dolman. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1919; pp. xx+313. $3.50.

BUILDING A CHARACTER. By Constantin Stanislavski. New York: Theatre Arts Books, 1049; pp. xx+292. $3.50.

FROM NATIVE ROOTS. By Felix Sper. Caldwell, Idaho: The Caxton Printers, 1948; pp. 341. $4.00.

TWENTY‐FIVE BEST PLAYS OF THE MODERN AMERICAN THEATRE. Edited with an Introduction by John Gassner. New York: Crown Publishers, 1949; pp. xxvii+756. $5.00.

A MANUAL OF PRONUNCIATION. By Morriss H. Needleman. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1949; pp. cxxiii+323. $4.00.

PORTUGUESE‐AMERICAN SPEECH. An outline of Speech Conditions Among Portuguese Immigrants in New England and Elsewhere in the United States. By Leo Pap. New York: King's Crown Press, 1949; pp. xi+223. $3.00.

A MINIATURE TEXTBOOK OF FEEBLEMINDEDNESS. By Leo Kanner, M.D. Child Care Monographs, No. 1. New York: Child Care Publications, 1949; pp. 33. $1.25.

FUNDAMENTALS OF WRITING FOR RADIO. Drama, Talks, Continuities, and Non‐dramatic Features with Guidance in Program Planning, Production, and Marketing. By Rome Cowgill. New York: Rinehart and Company, 1949; pp. vi + 295. $3.50.

SPEECH METHODS IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. By Carrie Rasmussen. New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1919; pp. ix + 340. $3.50.

HOW TO SPEAK THE WRITTEN WORD. A Guide to Effective Public Reading. By Nedra Newkirk Lamar. New York: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1949; pp. 175. $2.50.

VOICE AND DICTION. By Victor A. Fields and James F. Bender. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1949; pp. viii+368. $4.00.

PRACTICAL DEBATING. By Luther W. Courtney and Glenn R. Capp. New York: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1949; pp. viii+308. $3.25.

YOU AND YOUR SPEECHES. By E. C. Buehler. Lawrence, Kansas: The Allen Press, 1949; pp. 226. $3.00.

38 BASIC SPEECH EXPERIENCES. A Guide for Student and Teacher. By Clark S. Carlile. St. Louis: John S. Swift Company, 1949; pp. xvi+153.     

诗关乎“才”更关乎“学”

诗歌创作决定的因素是“才”还是“学” ,古往今来有许多不同的争论。其实“学”与“才”是不同侧面互为作用的一个合体。首先是“才”的“大小”“奇”“犭益”离不开学。人在学与力索的过程中劳逸深浅不同 ,体现心智的灵明程度也不同。人在与外物沟通时有“耳听”、“心听”、“神听”的不同层次。所以体现在诗的境界上也有或“执情强物” ,或“超越其形” ,或“神凝形废”的不同境界。另者 ,“才”对艺术成败又起决定作用。诗人只有在怦然所动 ,灵性将至的情况下 ,才可生情 ,情可生文。总之 ,诗产生于性灵 ,博学又要以培养触激性灵。更重要的是诗以识为主 ,“非识则才学俱误”。     

莫里哀和他的《伪君子》

十七世纪法国文坛星空里最独特的一颗亮星矗是“无法模仿的莫里哀”,本文从莫里哀的身世谈起．涉及到《伪君子》的艺术创新。如现实主义角度开了塑造典型性格的先河：喜剧中插入了悲剧、民间剧、风俗剧等各种戏剧因素。     

Mercator and his map

In this article we present briefly some preliminary ideas of map projection, followed by a detailed account of the Mercator projection.     

富兰克林及其《自传》

《富兰克林自传》是第一部个人奋斗成功的杰作。无论何时何地，富兰克林都是一位伟大的人物，在他身上，精神与意志、天资与奋斗、力量与闲适、机智与雅都融为一体。     

芥川龙之介晚期创作及其自杀原因

芥川龙之介是日本大正时期小说家,日本文坛最影响力的作家之一。昭和二年,这位文学巨匠却选择用服药自杀的方式结束了自己的一生,引起文坛乃至日本全社会的轰动。芥川的自杀是由多种因素常年累积造成的,这些因素包括了自身心理、家庭负担、疾病困扰、对社会和人性的失望等等,而他的许多晚期创作都具有很强烈的自传色彩,直接或间接地将他的一生及其自杀原因反映了出来。结合芥川的部分晚期作品和芥川生平,通过对作品进行分析来探究芥川走向自杀悲剧的原因。     

James Watt and his linkages

James Watt’s name is synonymous with steam engines but there is another equally impressive facet to his technical accomplishments in the areas of design and manufacture of machines. In this article, we highlight his contributions to the design of linkages, which are assemblies of rigid bodies that perform intricate mechanical motions. The linkages described here range from the ones that can draw a straight line to those that can replicate three-dimensional objects through purely mechanical movements.     

郭祥正和他的诗

郭祥正是北宋中期著名诗人,在诗歌创作方面取得了很高的艺术成就,有《青山集》30卷。然而几百年来,对他及其诗歌的研究几乎是空白,这是极不公正的。     

维米尔和他的油画创作

维米尔是典型的荷兰风俗画家，也是继伦勃朗之后最伟大的荷兰画家，他的作品表现日常平民的生活与风俗；作品结构严谨、色调和谐；画面人物厚重、不轻易动用表情；笔触藏而不露；画幅不大而精致耐看——擅长表现外光并从中获得独到的艺术成就。在写实的基础上经过精湛的艺术加工达到了非凡的境界，能使人的审美感兴越过“视觉效果”这个层面而升华到精神境界中。     

世道沧桑心事定墨池流韵笔歌清--张廷辅先生及其书画艺术

青灯黄卷、寒窗苦读,科场角逐、金榜题名,太学深造、参与朝政,看破红尘、引退官场,积善集义、隐而未逸,是张廷辅先生人生历程的概括.来有所出,笔追古风,温润清雅;肩担道义,毫托深心,意蕴丰富,是张廷辅先生书画艺术的主调.     

慷慨以任气 磊落以使才——刘桢和他的诗歌创作

在建安代表诗人中刘桢与曹植齐名,这史上“曹刘”并称,“递相祖述”。二人中对刘桢的研究甚微,即不合理也不利于建安文学研究的全面深入。刘桢身世坎坷,性格膏爽,品格庄正直,才高气逸,诗作风格源于《古诗》,富有时代精神,体现了“慷慨以任气,磊落以使才”的建发风骨。研究刘桢及其诗歌创作,以加深对建;安诗风的认识和理解。