试论课程发展的生态化

现代课程发展的技术化逻辑,使课程发展陷入了封闭、割裂和机械化的迷茫之中。生态学的发展,冲破了现代的技术化逻辑的束缚,为课程发展理论与实践提供了一个强大的理论武器,也为课程发展指出了一条可能的发展方向。课程发展的生态化正是教育生态化的一个理论尝试与实践路径。     

Curricula for Economic and Social Gain

Economic success is an aim of governments around the world. Their ‘human capital’ stance towards higher education implies the need to develop graduates’ capabilities to the full. The concept of graduate ‘employability’, currently being developed in the light of theory and empirical data, is beginning to find acceptance in the UK. One of the keys to its acceptability in higher education has been the alignment of employability with good learning – that is, learning that is manifested in complex outcomes. However, the achievement of complex outcomes requires a programme-level focus, rather than a focus on individual study units. This article reports on the way such a programme-level approach was adopted in four different universities in the UK, and how relatively small-scale actions have the potential to augment students’ employability. The implications for policy at the levels of the system, the higher education institution and the academic department are discussed.     

论环境教育与可持续发展教育

环境教育和可持续发展教育究竟有怎样的关系?国内外学者看法各异。归纳起来,主要有五种:第一,环境教育与可持续发展教育是等同的;第二,可持续发展教育是环境教育的一部分;第三,环境教育是可持续发展教育的一部分;第四,可持续发展教育与环境教育互不包含,但有共同的部分;第五,可持续发展教育是环境教育发展过程中的一个高级阶段。根据相关文献分析,我们认为,环境教育是可持续发展教育的一部分,两者关系是互动的,环境教育需要面向可持续发展重新定向,可持续发展教育有着环境教育无法实现的功能。     

高校精品课程建设初探

本文提出了课程的六要素,课程建设的内容和内在要求。并以清华大学本科精品课程建设为例,讨论了清华大学如何依照课程建设的内在要求,建立相应的管理制度,逐步推进精品课程建设。     

Trends in Philanthropic Support: Foundation Giving in Environmental Education

Despite public support, environmental education (EE) is rarely a priority for funders, even those interested in the environment or education. We examined reasons behind the paucity of EE funding, focusing on U.S. foundations, which are one of the largest sources of support for environmental efforts. We analyzed historical giving data and interviewed a dozen funders. Over the 2003 to 2007 period, we found EE funding represented approximately 5% of overall environment funding in the United States. Reasons for the low level of EE support included definitional complexity, uncertainty about efficacy, and inclusion of EE funding within issue-specific grants, such as those focused on climate change.     

The Environmental Education Banner

This century will be one of continued global population growth, technological advancement, and subsequent burdens on the natural world from consumer demands. A citizenry capable of understanding the complexity of environmental issues and actively participating in their resolutions is vital. The ultimate goal of environmental educators should be to facilitate the creation of this active citizenry. The means by which educators achieve this goal are equally important. Student autonomy in issue investigations and action planning should supplant coercive, advocacy programs if a new generation of critical thinkers is to solve new environmental problems and maintain or improve environmental quality on both the local and global scales. To date, nearly all evaluations of environmental education (EE) have focused on educational outcomes. Evaluations of impacts to environmental quality linked to actions resulting from EE efforts will be necessary if this discipline is to remain relevant in a world facing a century of great challenge in protecting environmental integrity while meeting the needs of our growing and increasingly consumptive population.     

Integrating Computer Content into Social Work Curricula

Abstract

While recent CSWE standards focus on the need for including more relevant technological content in social work curricula, they do not offer guidance regarding how it is to be assessed and selected. Social work educators are in need of an analytic model of computerization to help them understand which technologies are most appropriate and relevant to the professional development of social work students. This article develops a flexible model that can be used by faculty to assess, develop, and evaluate computer content in their curricula. The model presents a cost-effective approach that takes into account the enormous flux and pace of change in the computer industry.     

备件库存管理综述

有效的备件库存管理,既可保证设备维护活动的及时进行,又可以减少库存资金占用,提高企业经济效益。通过对国内外有关备件库存管理的文献分析,总结了备件库存管理在备件分类、备件需求预测、备件库存模型与策略、备件库存控制与管理方法以及缺货与报废问题的研究状况,揭示备件库存管理的发展趋势———计算机辅助备件管理及备件物流管理。     

实施环境会计的理论基础和社会基础探析

在我国,环境会计核算体系虽未建立,但实施环境会计的基础已然形成。环境会计的实施有其理论基础,包括环境经济学的补偿理论、环境价值理论、外部不经济内部化理论、传统会计基础理论。也有其一定的社会基础,即环境意识的增强、相关法律政策的制定及国外环境会计实施的借鉴等。这些均为环境会计研究得以持续开展及企业实施环境会计提供了重要依据及保障。     

论环境教育的价值目标

随着环境教育的不断发展，其成效也日渐凸现，而其最重要的价值目标则体现在树立人与自然和谐发展的新自然观，追寻全面、协调、可持续发展的新发展观，弘扬人类利益的新公正观，重塑“真、善、美”相统一的新人格观几个方面，其价值目标的实现将进一步推动环境教育的发展。     

论加强高校环境教育的必要性及有效途径

构建和谐社会,树立可持续发展,是我国国民经济与社会发展中长期规划的一项战略任务。本文阐述了高校环境教育在促进社会和谐与可持续发展中的重要地位和现实意义,并提出了加强高校环境教育的基本构想和有效途径。     

佛罗里达州立大学小学教师职前教育课程体系述评

佛罗里达州立大学设置的小学教育本科专业属于小学教师职前教育。大学生在学习普通文化课程之后,申请进入小学教育专业学习四个学期的教育专业课程,每一个学期的课程都有不同的重点。此外,在这四个学期中,学生还参加佛罗里达州的教师资格证书考试,考试分三次,每次侧重考察教师素质的一个方面。     

Evaluating a Constructivist and Culturally Responsive Approach to Environmental Education for Diverse Audiences

The NorthBay Adventure Center offers five-day residential programs that meld environmental and character education using experiential techniques and multi-media messaging. This article explores the influences of these programs on urban and non-urban middle-school participants in three areas: character development and leadership; environmental responsibility, and attitudes toward school. The authors found significant positive short-term effects on all outcomes of interest. Three-month delayed posttests indicate retention of significant gains in character development and leadership and environmental responsibility, while gains in school-related outcomes faded. Urban students responded more positively to the NorthBay program than did students from suburban and rural areas.     

环境教育理论探析

环境教育是改变人类传统价值观、从根本上解决环境问题的关键。可持续发展的教育理念是环境教育的核心和理论起点。环境教育以可持续发展为指导，时刻以环境与人类的关系为核心、以后代对环境的永续利用为己任。环境教育是可持续发展的源泉和动力。可持续发展的环境教育与社会的经济发展相辅相成、相得益彰。     

论可持续发展教育的课程观

可持续发展教育的课程观主要表现在发展为本的课程理念,具有审美特征的课程设计,关注价值和联系的课程内容,问题引领的课程组织,可选易行的课程实施原则以及强调收获与生成的课程评价等。这些课程理念和教学设计对促进我国新课程实施和教师发展具有重要的启示作用。     

酒店服务业LCA清单分析及实证研究

运用生命周期评价的思想,对酒店服务业进行生命周期清单分析,旨在识别和评价酒店服务业的主要环境负载,为酒店服务业环境问题的解决和推进生命周期评价在酒店领域的应用提供有益参考.     

Environmental Education and the Politics of Curriculum: A National Case Study

This article documents the emergence of environmental education in the curriculum discourse in Aotearoa/New Zealand in 1988, and proceeds to trace its path through a succession of curriculum documents over the subsequent two decades. As well as exploring the form environmental education takes in these documents, the way it emerges in educational priorities is also reviewed. This historical analysis highlights the political nature of the school curriculum in general, and in particular, the place of environmental education within it. It also suggests that the curriculum, by itself, provides little concrete guidance for teachers. In response, I propose that educators must look to their own community for strength and leadership in a hostile political climate.     

生态文明视域下大学生环境道德教育的思考

针对当前全球环境危机和大学生群体存在一定程度的环境道德缺失,指出加强大学生环境道德教育是解决全球环境危机、构建和谐社会、实现“美丽中国”和“美丽校园”的迫切需要,分析了大学生环境道德教育存在的主要问题,并提出生态文明视域下大学生环境道德教育的有效路径。     

非环境类专业大学生的环境教育

面向非环境专业大学生的环境教育是我国环境教育的重要组成部分,对我国实现可持续发展、全面建设小康社会和改善生态环境具有重大意义,有必要加强和改善环境教育,为新世纪中华民族的伟大复兴和我国环境的全面好转打下坚实的人才基础。     

《环境科学教育》课程的教学设想与实践

论述了环境科学教育的重要性及开设环境科学教育课程的设想与实践。