生物信息专业博士研究生课程体系 构建的思考

生物信息专业博士研究生课程体系是培养国家高科技生物技术人才的关键, 建立高水 平模块化的生物信息专业博士研究生课程体系, 对全程保障生命科学创新型高素质人才的培养和 深化教学体系的改革有良好的示范作用。本文通过调研美国哈佛大学、斯坦福大学的生物信息专业 博士研究生教育情况, 结合我国专业课程体系建设的基本原则和同济大学生物信息专业研究生的 课程设置实情,探索了如何构建高效的模块化研究生课程结构体系。     

十七省市奶粉中26种矿质元素的测定

作者收集了国内17个省市(自治区)的18个乳品生产厂家的全脂奶粉。用六种方法测定奶粉中的铁、锰、锌、钴、钼、铬、镍、矾、锡、氟、硒、硅、砷、钠、钾钙、磷、镁、铝、硼、钴、镉、钡、铅、锶和汞等26种矿质元素的含量。并对所获得的数据进行了初步的分析与讨论。     

词汇误用解释

我长期研究中国学生的英文论文并且听他们用英文说话,在这一过程中我发现,无论是中国国内的学生或是到了海外的中国留学生,他们的语言夹杂了许许多多语法或者语用上的错误,这些错误通常涉及某个词较为细节的用法,这些用法又往往具有一定的抽象性。     

新建本科院校学生社团建设 对应用型人才培养的作用研究

新建本科院校是指我国高等教育自1999 年开始大规模扩招以来,新建的一大批本科院 校。新建本科院校学生社团顺应高等教育的发展和社会的进步,近年来不断发展,其社团建设既拓 宽了应用型人才培养的途径,也丰富了应用型人才培养的理论体系。本文通过对三所新建本科院校 的调查,分析了新建本科院校学生社团建设对应用型人才培养作用的现状,探讨阻碍学生社团建设 对应用型人才培养作用进一步发挥的原因,并提出相应的改进建议。     

Species diversity of Lachnum （Helotiales, Hyaloscyphaceae） from temperate China

INTRODUCTION A large number of Lachnum species have been reported from diverse regions of the world (Dennis, 1949; 1961; Galán and Raitviir, 1994; Haines, 1980; 1992; Haines and Dumont, 1984; Haines and Kaneko, 1984; Sharma, 1986; Singh, 1975; Spooner, 1987; Tai, 1979; Teng, 1934; 1963; Wu et al., 1998; Wu and Haines, 1999; Zhuang and Hyde, 2001). The earliest records of Lachnum in China dated back to 1934 when the Chinese mycologist Teng (1934) reported two species from Zhejian…     

Reviews

Books reviewed:
Collis, Betty and Moonen, Jef, Flexible Learning in a Digital World
Edwards, Helen et al., (ed.) Lecturing: Case Studies, Experience and Practice
Ely, Donald and Plomp, Tjeerd, (ed.) Classic Writings on Instructional Technology II
Hartman, Hope J, (ed.) Metacognition in Learning and in Instruction
Hills, Howard, Team-Based Learning
Jarvis, Peter, (ed.) The Age of Learning
Jarvis, Peter, Universities and Corporate Universities
Jolliffe, Alan et al., The On-Line Learning Handbook
Medsker, Karen and Holdsworth, Kristina Models and Strategies for Training Design
Nicholls, Gill, Professional Development in Higher Education
Olsen, Jerry and Cooper, Paul Dealing with Disruptive Students in the Classroom
Thorne, Kaye and Mackey, David, Everything You Ever Needed to Know about Training
Belfield, Clive R, Economic Principles for Education
Coles, Sue and Rowley, Jenny, Access 2000
Huczynski, Andrzej, Encyclopedia of Development Methods
Januszewski, Alan, Educational Technology: The Development of a Concept
Lachs, Vivi, Making Multimedia in the Classroom
Lensch, Carol, Making Sense of AD/HD
MacFarlane, Bruce and Ottewill, Roger, (ed.) Effective Learning and Teaching in Business and Management
Thier, Herbert with Daviss, Bennett, Developing Inquiry-Based Science Materials
Thissen, David and Wainer, Howard, (ed.) Test Scoring
Wallace, Susan, Teaching and Supporting Learning in Further Education     

1916-1918年赵锡孟在中国西北内陆地区的考察及其影响——基于《一位领事官员在中国西北的旅行》的分析

1916年4月至1918年9月,英国驻中国大使馆领事官员赵锡孟在中国西北内陆地区旅行,对所经过地区的自然和人文景观进行了全面系统的考察和详细的记录,涉及到地貌、水文、气候、土壤、植被、动物、物产和商贸、交通、宗教信仰和生活习俗、城镇和村落、人口和民族等方面,具有重要的历史地理学、社会学、民俗学、人类学研究价值。文章基于对赵锡孟著作《一位领事官员在中国西北的旅行》分析,结合相关中西文文献,论述了此次考察的原因、人员组成、交通工具、区域、路线,以期对赵锡孟的此次考察活动有初步了解。     

Books received

Barnett, Delvene, Managing the Secondary School Library Budget
Bush, Tony & Middlewood, David eds, Managing People in Education
Cox, Margaret, The Effects of Information Technology on Students' Motivation
Stevenson, Dennis et al, Information and Communications Technology in UK Schools
McKinsey & Co, The Future of Information Technology in UK Schools
Crawford, Megan et al, Leadership and Teams in Educational Management
Preedy, Margaret et al, Educational Management: Strategy, Quality and Resources
Somekh, Bridget & Davis, Niki eds, Using Information Technology Effectively in Teaching and Learning
Warner, David & Crosthwaite, Elaine eds, Human Resource Management in Higher and Further Education     

Explanatory Identities and Conceptual Change

Although mind-brain identity remains controversial, many other identities of ordinary things with scientific ones are well established. For example, air is a mixture of gases, water is H₂O, and fire is rapid oxidation. This paper examines the history of 15 important identifications: air, blood, cloud, earth, electricity, fire, gold, heat, light, lightning, magnetism, salt, star, thunder, and water. This examination yields surprising conclusions about the nature of justification, explanation, and conceptual change.     

两性语言差异及其适应策略

两性语言的差异性客观地反映在语音、词汇、句法、话题、语言冲撞、应答、提问、话轮转换、话语风格等方面,是人的生理和心理、语言环境、社会角色、社会地位、传统观念等因素共同作用的结果.适应语言性别差异的策略包括承认差异、换位思考、分享话语权、倾听对方、理解交际意图、相互包容、调整姿态、坦诚相待、巧用恭维语、维护对方认同、遵守语言规矩等     

Reviews

Background Speakers: Diversity and its Management in LOTE Programs, Michael Clyne, Sue Fernandez, Imogen Y. Chen, Renata Summo‐O‐Connell, 1997, Belconnen, ACT, Australia, Language Australia, $28.00, Soft cover, 24cm x 16cm, 175 pages.

Communicative Psychoanalysis with Children, V. A. Bonac, 1999, London, UK, Whurr Publishers Ltd, Maclennan & Petty, $74–00, Card cover 23.5cm X 15.5cm, 189 pages.

Language Disorders in Children and Adults, S. Chiat, J. Law & J. Marshall (Eds.), 1997, London, UK, Whurr Publishers Ltd Australian Dist: MacIennan & Petty, $92.00, Card cover 23.5cm X 15.5cm, 272 pages.

Empowerment in Everyday Life – learning disability, Edited by: Paul Ramcharan, Gwyneth Roberts, Gordon Grant and & John Borland, 1997, London, U.K., Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd., Astam Books, Locked Bag 2, Annandale NSW 2038, $64.00, Soft cover, size 23.5 x 15.5 cm., 266 pp.

Phonemic Awareness in Young Children, Marilyn Jager Adams, Barbara R. Foorman, Ingvar Lundberg & Terri Beeler, 1998, Baltimore, Maryland USA, Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., P.O. Box 10624, Baltimore, Maryland USA, Maclennan & Petty, $46.10 including GS, New ISBN. 0–86433–160–6, Size: 28cm. x 21.5cm., 180pp., coloured cover, spiral bound.

Assessing and Teaching Phonological Knowledge, John Munro, 1998, Melbourne, Victoria, Australian Council for Educational Research, $97.90, Comprises Manual, Checklists, Record booklet and Task sheets. Manual she 30cm. x 21cm., 132pp.

The Bangor Dyslexia Teaching System (3rd Edition), Elaine Miles, 1998, London, UK, Whurr Publishers Ltd, $74–65, 21cm x 21cm, 102 pages, paperback., ISBN: 1–86156–055–9

Children's Speech and Literacy Difficulties, Joy Stackhouse & Bill Wells, 1997, London, Whurr Publishers Ltd., MacLennan and Petty, $81.25

Star Track Reading and Spelling, Cosette Beadle and Joan Hampshire, 1997, London, England., Whurr Publishers Ltd., MacLennan & Petty (Australia), $163.60, Size 29.5cm. x 21cm., card cover, spiral bound, 273 pages. ISBN: 1897635 82 6

Sounds & Vowels ‐ Keys to Literacy Progress (Teacher's Master Book) (Student Work Book) Laminated Wallcharts: (small) $17.50, (large) $32.50, Susan Galletly, 1999, Mt. Pleasant, Mackay, Qld., Literacy Plus, P.O Box 8627, Mt. Pleasant, Mackay, Qld., Teacher's Master Book $68.50 Student Work Book $14–50, Size 30cm x 21cm, 156 pp. (Master Book), 64pp. (student work book).

Autism: A World Apart, Poseidon Film Productions for Channel 4, BBC, 1999, London, England, HopeLine Videos, PO Box 515, London SW15 2WB, £16.95 (Including Postage)

Specific Reading Disability: A view of the spectrum, Bruce K. Shapiro, Pasquale J. Accardo & Arnold J. Cupute, 1988, Timonium, Maryland, York Press Inc., Maclennan & Petty, $73.75, Paperback, 267 pages, 15cm x 23cm.

Language Difficulties in an Educational Context, Wendy Rinaldi, 2000, London, England, Whurr Publishers, $81.25, Maclennan & Petty, Paperback, 152 pages, text and figures, with some illustrations.

How to Detect and Manage Dyslexia A Reference and Resource Manual, Philomena Ott, 1997, Heinemann Educational Publishers, UK Reed Books, Melbourne, $42.00, ISBN: 0 435 104195     

用户主导创新的理论与实践

在深圳改革创新的热土上,地铁集团作为国家重点工程的用户,通过主导城市轨道交通装备的创新实践,率先提出了“用户主导创新”理论,并从创新的分类和效用,创新的主体,领军人物主导,创新的组织、风险控制、管理创新、集成创新、技术和产品大跨越、创新顶层产品、创新成果推广、创新效率和本质要求等方面进行阐述。作为创新产品和商品的地铁系统装备,经过6年多的运营考验,在信息化、本质安全化、节能、可靠、造价、使用成本方面具有领先优势。     

大学生多媒体课件颜色偏好实验研究

该研究以W3C规定的16种颜色为实验材料,采用问卷法、对偶实验法探讨了在多媒体教室环境下大学生对课件前景色、颜色搭配的偏好及其影响因素。实验结果表明:大学生对前景色的偏好顺序是黄色、白色、酸橙色、黑色、青色、红色、品红、银灰;最喜欢的10种颜色搭配是黑色-白色、红色-白色、品红色-白色、黄色-灰色、白色-藏青色、白色-绿色、青色-黑色、黄色-藏青色、黄色-栗色、黄色-绿色;无彩色成为大学生钟爱的颜包:亮度高色和前背景亮度差大的搭配受到学生们的偏爱。     

A New Song of ABC

A,B,C,D,E,F,G,Come here and help['help]meH,I,J,K,L,M,N,I can’t find my bee[bi:].O,P,Q,R,S,T,The bee is drinking['dri(?)ki(?)] come tea[ti:].U,V,W,X,Y,Z,I see it under the tree[tri:].     

《西游记》中富有童趣的“儿尾”方言

《西游记》运用杭州“儿尾”方言描写了。红弦儿”、“女孩儿”、“小娘儿”等众多的“孩儿”形象,创造了一个“孩儿世界”。又描写了如“猴儿”、“鹿儿”、“兔儿”等走兽类动物;“麻雀儿”、“鹰儿”等飞禽类动物;“啄木虫儿”、“苍蝇儿”、“蛾儿”等昆虫类动物,创造了一个动物王国。     

桦褐孔菌的化学成分与药理作用研究

桦褐孔菌是一种食用真菌,主要含有羊毛甾醇型三萜类、桦褐孔菌醇和桦褐孔菌素、黑色素类、叶酸衍生物,以及芳香物质、木质素、栓菌酸、单宁等化学成分,其中起主要药理作用的为羊毛甾醇型三萜类、桦褐孔菌醇、桦褐孔菌素和木质素.具有抵抗肝癌、胃癌、肺癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌、皮肤癌、直肠癌、淋巴等多种肿瘤细胞,以及抗艾滋病病毒、抗感染、治疗糖尿病、降血压调节血脂、抗机体衰老、增强免疫力等药理作用.应该利用现代技术手段和方法,以循证医学的观念,加强对桦褐孔菌的深入研究,充分发挥其药用价值.     

论罗蒂协同性实用主义的反哲学本性

理查德·罗蒂立足后现代主义、解构主义、文化自由主义、相对主义和后哲学文化论,建立的协同性实用主义,批判分析哲学、现象学、传统的认识论、反映论、符合论和真理观,肯定解释学的功能与教化作用,否定客观性、绝对性、永恒性和不变性,反对理性主义、科学主义和实在论,主张解构形而上学,创立无冕哲学,提倡工具主义、约定主义、实用主义、多元主义,以及心灵与社会的协同性作用。     

仿生技术及其应用

当前国内外仿生技术发展极为迅速,在军事、医学、工业、建筑业、信息产业等领域仿生技术获得了相当广泛的应用,仿生技术已成为国内外学者研究的热门课题.仿生学的发展需要生物学、物理学、化学、医学、数学、材料学、机械学、动力学、控制论、航空、航天和航海工程等众多学科领域工作者的合作;反过来,仿生学的发展又可以推动这些学科的进步.     

Accumulation of mercury in rice grain and cabbage grown on representative Chinese soils

A pot culture experiment was carried out to investigate the accumulation properties of mercury (Hg) in rice grain and cabbage grown in seven soil types (Udic Ferrisols, Mollisol, Periudic Argosols, Latosol, Ustic Cambosols, Calcaric Regosols, and Stagnic Anthrosols) spiked with different concentrations of Hg (CK, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, and 4.00 mg/kg). The results of this study showed that Hg accumulation of plants was significantly affected by soil types. Hg concentration in both rice grain and cabbage increased with soil Hg concentrations, but this increase differed among the seven soils. The stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that pH, Mn(II), particle size distribution, and cation exchange capacity have a close relationship with Hg accumulation in plants, which suggested that physicochemical characteristics of soils can affect the Hg accumulation in rice grain and cabbage. Critical Hg concentrations in seven soils were identified for rice grain and cabbage based on the maximum safe level for daily intake of Hg, dietary habits of the population, and Hg accumulation in plants grown in different soil types. Soil Hg limits for rice grain in Udic Ferrisols, Mollisol, Periudic Argosols, Latosol, Ustic Cambosols, Calcaric Regosols, and Stagnic Anthrosols were 1.10, 2.00, 2.60, 2.78, 1.53, 0.63, and 2.17 mg/kg, respectively, and critical soil Hg levels for cabbage are 0.27, 1.35, 1.80, 1.70, 0.69, 1.68, and 2.60 mg/kg, respectively.     

原子吸收光谱法测定几种蕨类中矿质元素含量

采用原子吸收光谱法测定了凤尾草、贯众、海金沙、蜈蚣草中Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe、Pb、Cd等8种元素的含量.结果表明.几种蕨类药材中矿物质元素Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn含量丰富,Cu含量小于9.89μg/g,Pb、Cd含量低,均符合《中国药典》2005年版重金属及有害元素限量要求,矿物质元素含量与生长环境及药材对元素的富集作用存在一定关系,部分元素含量与药材种类及区域不同具有显著性差异.测定结果相对偏差小于4.3%,工作曲线回归方程的相关系数在0.9984~1.000之间,加标回收率为92.5%~105.3%.