基于问题的web-CKB学习绩效评价研究

本文从学生的角度开展学习绩效研究,通过观察法、访谈法、问卷调查法、评价研究法等,分析基于问题的网络协作知识建构的(web-based Collaborative Knowledge Building,web-CKB)学习绩效评价内容、方法、工具等.研究表明基于问题的web-CKB的学习绩效评价内容包括学习行为(感知、共享、论证、协商、创作、评价、反思)与学习成就(测验成绩、智慧制品、能力水平等);评价方法有测验法、访谈法、行为锚定等级评价法、行为观察量表法、关键事件法、360度绩效评价法等;评价工具主要是电子量规和电子学档.     

基于问题的Web-CKB的学习行为评价体系的构建及教学应用

知识经济强调知识建构与创新,该文通过编拟预试问卷、预试、整理问卷与编号、相关分析、因素分析、信度分析、再测信度分析,构建了网络环境下基于问题的协作知识建构学习行为评价体系,并在广东省部分中小学中进行应用,采用三角互证法,检验网络环境下基于问题的协作知识建构的学习行为评价体系的可用性及有效性,旨在为协作知识建构行为的考察与评价提供参考。     

基于问题的网络课堂协作知识建构模式

协作知识建构作为一种实现教学革新的方式越来越得到广大研究者和教学工作者的重视,作为桥梁工具的协作知识建构模式的研究也受到了关注。本研究将从理论框架、模式构建、效果评价等方面对网络课堂协作知识建构模式进行探究。     

基于网络的协作问题解决学习活动模式探析

协作问题解决学习(Collaborative Problem-solving Learning,即CPSL)作为一类新型学习方式,国内外的研究并不多,并且将其在教学实践中应用的很少。在此基础上,本文从协作问题解决学习的内涵谈起,着重论述了协作问题解决学习的本质特征、环境设置,进而建构基于网络的协作问题解决学习活动模式。在分析该模式的基础上,提出模式实施的原则及开展可能遇到的问题。最后,从理论的角度论述了协作问题解决学习模式特点。     

基于问题学习的问题创设探讨

基于问题的学习（Problem-Based Learning，简称PBL）模式有助于学生打下坚实的知识基础，在运用PBL过程中，教师对问题的创设是一个关键，因此，如何在PBL中有效地创设问题是一个必须认真研究解决的课题。     

基于问题学习的问题创设探讨

基于问题的学习(Problem-BasedLearning,简称PBL)模式有助于学生打下坚实的知识基础,在运用PBL过程中,教师对问题的创设是一个关键,因此,如何在PBL中有效地创设问题是一个必须认真研究解决的课题。     

对基于问题学习的初步探讨

建构主义者提出许多改革教学的设想,其中基于问题学习（PBL）是促进知识建构的一条崭新的思路。作为一种新兴的教育与学习手段,PBL在未来必定能够得到大力的发展。“科教兴国”战略的实施,“素质教育”“创新教育”的大力推行,为基于问题学习的兴起创造了良好的社会环境。就PBL的基本模式、学习过程、主要特点及其存在的问题进行简要分析和探讨,希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

基于局域网的协作问题解决学习策略研究

随着多媒体、网络技术的发展，基于网络的学习方式变得越来越普遍，而未来社会对人才的一个基本能力需求就是要求他们具备协作解决问题和项目开发的能力，因此研究基于网络的协作问题解决学习策略就显得尤为重要。与广域网相比，局域网具有传输速度快、硬件投资少、易于管理等好处，因此本文研究了基于局域网的协作问题解决学习，提出了在局域网环境下使用协作问题解决学习策略的制约条件和具体的实施过程。     

基于绩效的企业培训中的协作学习

提高绩效是企业培训的最终目标,培训的协作学习分为学习职务化和学习组织化两个阶段。学习职务化阶段通过开发个体心智模式和个体情境意识提高个体任务绩效;学习组织化阶段,通过开发共享心智模式和小组情境意识提高个体关系绩效,进而提升小组任务绩效。     

混合式协作学习模型构建及应用成效分析

混合式学习已经成为高等教育中主流的教学模式,如何有效融合线上和课堂部分的小组协作学习,充分发挥协作学习促进认知和非认知发展的教育价值,已成为当前混合式教学中亟须解决的问题。本研究基于探究社区框架、协作知识建构等理论,构建了线上与线下相结合的混合式协作学习模型,并将理论模型应用于真实的课程环境中,从学习者在课程中的学习投入、协作学习能力、知识掌握水平3个方面探析其应用成效。结果表明,混合式协作学习能够显著提升课程学习成效：显著提升了学习者的学习投入;显著提升了学习者的协作学习能力;显著提升了学习者的知识掌握水平。     

Problem-Based Learning

Abstract

Problem-based learning has been described for use in medical education and is thought to be a superior approach to traditional didactic methods. We describe the use of PBL as an innovative approach to the education and training of social workers on an interdisciplinary health care team. An actual PBL case is described, and a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages to this approach is presented. The use of PBL on interdisciplinary teams helps educate social workers to work effectively on teams, and educates other professionals about the social work role and how to utilize social work services effectively.     

Problem-Based Learning as an Effective Strategy for Science Teacher Professional Development

Abstract

The Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Project for Teachers included three days of professional development using PBL to deepen teachers’ content knowledge. Teachers identified the content area in which they wished to work from a list of choices. They worked in facilitated groups of from five to nine participants to solve rich, ill-structured problems. Content knowledge was assessed based on teachers’ written responses to at least one general question and one application question in which they explained some everyday phenomena. Teachers responded to these questions two months before and at the end of the professional development; 80.5 percent of the 41 middle and high school teachers who participated showed improved content knowledge. We also examined the patterns in teachers’ incoming content knowledge and changes in content knowledge. The data indicate that the PBL approach used here was effective in improving the content knowledge of teachers independent of demographic factors and type and degree of incoming content knowledge.     

基于问题的学习：理念与现实

基于问题的学习（Problem-Based Learning,简称PBL）是将学习活动“抛锚”在具体的问题情境中的以学生为中心的一种教学方法,也是一种符合建构主义教学原则的教学模式。与其他问题教学相比,PBL有着不同的内涵。由于受文化背景、教育资源等因素的影响和制约,在我国教育环境中实施PBL,要综合考虑到学科知识的系统性与PBL知识的随机性、教学资源的局限性与PBL教学内容的灵活性、传统课程问题的良性结构与PBL问题的劣构性之间的关系。     

The Effect of Guidance in Problem-Based Learning of Statistics

Contrary to classical problem-based learning, in guided problem-based learning, the learning goals are predetermined by the instructor—on the basis of a detailed decomposition of the subject matter to be studied—to activate prior knowledge and to structure self-study and subsequent group discussion. This study investigated the effects of classical problem-based learning and guided problem-based learning, for different prior knowledge levels, on perceived value and usefulness of the learning activity and on conceptual understanding of statistics. Participants randomly assigned 110 students to 10 problem-based learning groups, and subsequently, the 10 groups were allocated randomly to classical problem-based learning or guided problem-based learning. The results indicate that guided problem-based learning tends to enhance conceptual understanding of statistics more thanbreak; classical problem-based learning once students have some prior knowledge of the subject. Furthermore, guided problem-based learning tends to increase students’ awareness of the value and usefulness of the learning activity.     

麦克玛斯特大学"问题学习法"

本文从麦克玛斯特大学“问题学习法”(problern-based learning)实施过程的各个方面：教育目标、教学安排、教学活动、教学评价、教学资源等方面介绍了PBL的教学过程，总结了麦克玛斯特大学PBL课程设置以学生为本，培养学生的学习态度和终身学习的能力以及在教学过程中倡导以生物—心理—社会医学模式培养适合社会发展需要的医生的经验。     

问题式学习:一条集中体现建构主义思想的教学改革思路

国外当前教育改革的浪潮中 ,问题式学习是一种与建构主义学习理论及其教学原则非常吻合的教学模式 ,目前正越来越多地被许多教育和培训领域所采用和重视。这种模式以问题为核心 ,让学生围绕问题展开知识建构过程 ,藉此过程促进学生掌握灵活的知识基础和发展高层次的思维技能、解决问题能力及自主学习能力。其学习过程包括组织小组、启动问题、循环反复解决问题、成果展示以及最后的反思和评价等环节。这种教学模式与我国当前教育改革的趋势比较一致 ,对国内教学改革思路很有启迪意义。     

Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn?

Problem-based approaches to learning have a long history of advocating experience-based education. Psychological research and theory suggests that by having students learn through the experience of solving problems, they can learn both content and thinking strategies. Problem-based learning (PBL) is an instructional method in which students learn through facilitated problem solving. In PBL, student learning centers on a complex problem that does not have a single correct answer. Students work in collaborative groups to identify what they need to learn in order to solve a problem. They engage in self-directed learning (SDL) and then apply their new knowledge to the problem and reflect on what they learned and the effectiveness of the strategies employed. The teacher acts to facilitate the learning process rather than to provide knowledge. The goals of PBL include helping students develop 1) flexible knowledge, 2) effective problem-solving skills, 3) SDL skills, 4) effective collaboration skills, and 5) intrinsic motivation. This article discusses the nature of learning in PBL and examines the empirical evidence supporting it. There is considerable research on the first 3 goals of PBL but little on the last 2. Moreover, minimal research has been conducted outside medical and gifted education. Understanding how these goals are achieved with less skilled learners is an important part of a research agenda for PBL. The evidence suggests that PBL is an instructional approach that offers the potential to help students develop flexible understanding and lifelong learning skills.     

基于问题式学习教学模式的探究与实践

在工程力学的课堂教学中,运用基于问题式学习的教学模式,把学生设置到复杂、有意义的工程问题情境中,通过理论学习、查阅资料、小组讨论、合作完成问题的分析、研究与解答,有效地改变了以往学习工程力学时,学生大多处于被动和应付的状态;摆脱了从理论到理论,理论脱离实际的模式;培养了学生理论联系实际、独立分析、团结协作、解决实际工程问题的能力。     

基于问题的学习与新课程下的语文教学

基于问题的学习是近年来受到广泛重视的一种教学模式,它集中体现了建构主义的教学思想,与我国当前实施的新课程改革的理念也是一致的。因此,探索如何将PBL模式引入我国的教学实践是具有重要现实意义的。     

PBL教学方法的理论与实践探讨

纯粹的理论学习，对于培养学生的实际工作能力是很不利的。因此，我们采取PBL(以问题为基础的学习)教学方法。效果非常好，既大大提高了学生的学习兴趣，又提高了学生分析问题与解决问题的能力，能够让学生将所学的基本理论与实际相结合，十分有益于学生的发展。