如何促进教师专业成长的途径

教师专业成长,是指教师在工作实践中的教育思想、知识结构和教育教学能力的不断提升和发展。教师的专业成长是一个持续的、长期的积累过程,一般要经历学习积累、拓宽发展、完善成熟、改革创新阶段。伯利纳（Berliner,1988）认为．教师专业成长要经历新手教师、熟练新手教师、胜任型教师、业务精于型教师和专家型教师五个阶段。他指出,所有教师都是从新手阶段起步的,随着知识和经验的积累．经过2—3年,新手教师逐渐发展成熟练新手教师．其中大部分熟练新手教师经过教学实践和继续教育,     

论教师实践性知识的生成与发展——以师范生的专业发展为例

从教师发展的规律来,伯利纳认为,教师从新手成长为优秀教师要经过新手水平、高级新手水平、胜任水平、熟练水平和专家水平五个阶段。不同阶段教师实践性知识的标志,从知识分类学的角度讲,是教师掌握实践性知识的丰富程度和类型不同。换言之,“教师在不同的生涯发展阶段中,将会具有不同程度的知识、教学技术和能力,有不同的需求、感受和态度...     

专家型-熟手型数学教师课堂提问能力的个案比较研究

波林纳（Berliner）在对教师教学专长发展的研究基础上,提出教师成长需要经过新手阶段、优秀新手阶段、胜任阶段、熟练阶段、专家阶段5个阶段,但Berliner认为在教师成长的过程中,只有熟练阶段教师中的一部分才能发展成为专家型教师．     

教师教学专长发展的心理历程

教师专业发展的实质是教学专长的不断提高。在对3000多名新手型、熟手型和专家型教师的成长心理的实证研究基础上,探讨从新手到熟手再到专家的教师教学专长发展的心理历程。在这一成长过程中,从新手到熟手的变化主要是常规水平的胜任,从熟手到专家的变化主要是创新水平的胜任,而熟手是从新手型教师成长为专家型教师的关键阶段。     

教师专业化发展与教师培训策略

培养高质量教师、提高我国教师专业化水平是我国教师教育改革发展的必然趋势.本文分析了教师专业化的内涵;从新手教师--熟练新手教师--胜任型教师--业务精干型教师和专家型教师成长过程的阶段特征,提出相应的培训策略.     

新手教师专业成长面临的挑战分析

从接受师范教育的学生到新手教师,再到有经验的优秀教师,最后到研究型教师的过程中,新手教师作为实践教学的初级阶段,是教师专业成长的起点,也是教师职业成长的重要阶段。如果在这个时期,新手教师不能很好地适应教育教学工作,就很难体验到教育教学的快乐,进而     

高中英语教师的专业成长之我见

正教师的专业成长具有规律性,即阶段性。德耶弗斯(Dreyfus)以教师发展过程为分析角度,认为教师的成长要经历五个阶段,即新手阶段、优秀新手阶段、胜任阶段、熟练阶段和专家阶段。这位探寻促进教师的专业成长的策略与方法提供了理论指引,成为构建从"新手"到"合格",从"合格"走向"优秀",从"优秀"走向"卓越"教师成长思路的理论基础。     

新手教师实践性知识的建构——从教师生活史分析

新手教师阶段是决定一位教师日后专业发展成败的关键期,新手教师的发展比其它教师生涯阶段面对的挑战更为艰难,挫折经验也相对多,尤其是入职的第一年。本通过一位新手教师成长过程的叙事研究,从生活史角度对新手教师成长的轨迹作了描述与探析：新手教师正是在过去经验、现在情境和将来计划、行动的交织中,在实践与反思的循环反复中,批判、审视自己原有的信念,建构、更新自己的实践性知识,战胜困难与挫折,从新手教师成为一名专家教师。     

给新手教师增强教育教学胜任力的几点建议

新手教师是教育事业的未来。新手教师学会重新认识自己,学会对照教师胜任力模型发现自己的优势与不足,明确发展方向和目标;坚持扬长补短,跟进新课标,投身新课改;从师学艺,团队成长,大胆实践,就能够在核心素养培育的教育新时代里迅速发展,切实增强教育教学的胜任力。     

教师专业发展的校内管理对策

教师的专业发展是面向未来的,指向进步的,是一个从不完善到完善,从不成熟到成熟,从低水平到高水平的演进过程。教师的成长大体需要经历“新手——优秀新手——胜任一熟练——专家”五个阶段,教师专业发展也包含着这个过程,是一个教师专业水平不断提升的过程。     

The telling stories of novice teachers: Constructing teacher knowledge in book clubs

This article reports on a teacher book club consisting of six novice teachers who met over a 2-year period beginning with their first entry into the profession to cultivate their teacher knowledge, identity, and development in a social/supportive context. The teachers met approximately every 6 weeks over the course of the academic year (7 times annually) to discuss a mutually selected (mostly fictional) text including some educational/school experiences (such as Plainsong, reported here). The book club context, texts, and other members became conduits for creating and telling teaching stories. I argue that self-directed teacher development in small teacher communities can begin at the onset of induction into the profession since such experiences appear to inform and shape teacher knowledge and development.     

Primary Connections: Simulating the Classroom in Initial Teacher Education

The challenge of preparing novice primary teachers for teaching in an educational environment, where science education has low status and many teachers have limited science content knowledge and lack the confidence to teach science, is great. This paper reports on an innovation involving a sustained simulation in an undergraduate science education course as a mediational tool to connect two communities of practice—initial teacher education and expert primary science teaching. The course lecturer and student teachers role-played the expert classroom teacher and primary students (Years 7/8) respectively in an attempt to gain insights into teaching and learning through authentic activity that models good practice in primary science teaching and learning. Activity theory was used to help frame and analyse the data. Findings from the first trial indicate that the simulation was very effective in initiating science pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) development of primary student teachers.     

For free: continuity and change by team teaching

Team teaching is advocated in education to offer students multiple explanations to complex concepts and to improve teacher development. However, team teaching is typically associated with high staff cost due to the increased amount of teachers involved. The authors argue that team teaching can be conducted in a cheap way by including novice teaching assistants in the lectures and train them ‘on the job’. Additionally, novice assistants cause reflection on action and prevent a mechanization of the course. The authors use Brookfield’s four lenses to reflect on the application of team teaching in a Swedish undergraduate course on software modeling over three years, involving 3 teachers and collecting evaluation data from close to 400 students. The reflection shows that team teaching can be used as a cost-effective way to introduce novice teachers to a course, while at the same time receiving benefits from their participation in lectures and course development.     

多重认同叠合机制:新教师专业发展角色冲突的和解路径

新时代教育改革情境中新教师的多重认同彰显了个体与时代命运的深度关联。本研究运用质性研究方法探究当前时代新教师面临的多重角色挑战,揭示他/她们在"成为一名教师"过程中的困境与互动,进而展现其专业发展过程中的冲突与和解。研究发现,当"多重角色"和"角色丛"交织时,个案新教师经历了角色冲突到角色融合的复杂演化过程。新教师受到工作压力、专业发展、重要他人、身份归属、职业认知、地区教育组织的培训及其政策等多方面影响,建构出多重认同叠合机制。该机制呈现阶段性动态变化的复杂性特征,同时存在"内生与外生、积极与消极、调节与制约、能动与结构"的共生状态,相互之间不断转化并促进新教师的专业发展。     

对话,让教育实践智慧不再缄默

教师常常以教育实践智慧的方式对学生施加影响,而实践智慧往往以缄默知识的形式存在于教师个体身上.如果给教师特别是资深教师提供更多的对话机会,他们在实践中掌握的教育智慧可以部分表达并成为新教师学习的重要教育资源.学校要为教师提供对话的平台,使教育实践智慧成为教师间可以共享的财富.     

Who Needs What: Recommendations for Designing Effective Online Professional Development for Computer Science Teachers

The new Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science (CS) Principles course increases the need for quality CS teachers and thus the need for professional development (PD). This article presents the results of a 2-year study investigating how teachers teaching the AP CS Principles course for the first time used online PD material. Our results showed that the teaching and computing background of teachers had a significant impact on the teachers' need for and use of online PD material. More specifically, novice CS teachers needed and used PD for developing their pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). Non-CS teachers needed and used PD materials emphasizing content knowledge. Experienced CS teachers believed they had little need for PD even though they were teaching a new course. Our study makes three recommendations for designing effective online PD for CS teachers: match PD to teachers' background, align PD with the course curriculum, and use effective motivational design to enhance teacher engagement. (Keywords: computer science education, online professional development, K–12, AP computer science principles course)     

Novice mathematics teachers create themselves

This study presents a qualitative research based on three narratives written by novice mathematics teachers. We examine their unique professional world during their first year of work. The methodology of narrative framework, on which this article is based, helps to gain better understanding of the need for novice mathematics teachers to have pedagogical knowledge. Findings reveal three themes of pedagogical knowledge: the attitude of novice teachers toward students with difficulties in mathematics; parents’ expectations of and involvement with novice mathematics teachers; teacher–student relations. The implications of the findings show that novice mathematics teachers are required to have not only content knowledge of mathematics but also, and above all, pedagogical knowledge. The implications of this study enable reassessment of emphases required in training mathematics teachers, as well as the assistance and support they need, especially as they launch their careers.     

Supporting novice elementary mathematics teachers’ induction in professional communities and providing innovative forms of pedagogical content knowledge development through information and communication technology

This paper reports on the needs identified as important to 27 novice elementary mathematics teachers and examines how Connect-ME, an online mathematics community, provides these supports. Qualitative data were collected using two focus groups and 16 telephone interviews. Findings validate the need for alternative teacher professional development (TPD) models and the value of professional communities and knowledge acquired through technology-facilitated learning. The results indicate that teachers actively seek formal and informal TPD experiences, opportunities for sharing and communicating, and access to quality resources. This study provides educational researchers and administrators with essential elements for effectively supporting novice elementary mathematics teachers.     

对教师教育专业开设《教育逻辑》的思考

逻辑学知识是教师开展教育教学的重要工具．对培养学生理性思维发挥着重要作用。逻辑修养是教师必备的素质之一。逻辑素养的形成主要依赖专业教育,而目前作为培养中小学教师的教师教育专业并没有普遍开设逻辑课程,直接影响着广大中小学教师的逻辑素养的养成。因此,应该逐步在教师教育专业开设教育逻辑,以适应学生将来从事中小学教育教学的需要。在教师教育专业开设教育逻辑过程中,必须通过采用灵活多样的课程设置和授课形式、构建“教育逻辑学”理论体系、应用中小学课程内容丰富课堂教学、构建突现个性的教材体系等措施。以提高教学水平和质量。     

民族教师教育在基础教育课程改革中作用的缺失与发挥

当前基础教育课程改革对民族教师的专业理论素养和知识结构提出了新的挑战,而民族教师教育难以适应这一要求,存在作用缺失或失配的现象。因此,民族教师教育应从实施课程教材改造机制、教师培训机制和强化师范生的教育实践机制等方面予以应对,发挥自身应有的作用。