Education democracy and development

Corrigendum

Education democracy and development     

HER-2 overexpression and survival in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

Objective

Numerous studies examining the relationship between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) overexpression and survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have yielded controversial results. We therefore performed a meta-analysis more precisely to estimate its prognostic value.

Methods

Published studies investigating the effect of HER-2 overexpression on CRC survival were identified; the hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were pooled in terms of disease-specific or overall survival.

Results

Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled data showed that HER-2 overexpression was negatively related to CRC survival (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 0.77–1.44). Subgroup analyses regarding test method and study quality also demonstrated little association between HER-2 overexpression and CRC survival (HR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.50–1.29; HR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.43–1.37, respectively).

Conclusions

Regardless of several limitations, our study suggested that HER-2 overexpression probably had little impact on CRC survival.     

Professors braverman and Anziska respond

Letters

Professors braverman and Anziska respond     

Maize seed coatings and seedling sprayings with chitosan and hydrogen peroxide: their influence on some phenological and biochemical behaviors

Objective:To evaluate the effect of chitosan(CH) and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) seed coatings and seedling sprinklings on two different maize varieties by measuring their phenology,the H2O2 presence,the catalase(CAT) activity,and the protein quantity.Methods:Seven groups of ten seeds for each maize variety were treated with CH(2%(20 g/L) and 0.2%(2 g/L)) or H2O2(8 mmol/L) by coating,sprinkling,or both.Germination and seedling growth were measured.One month after germination,the presence of H2O2 in seedlings in the coated seed treatments was evaluated.Protein content and CAT activity were determined under all treatments.Results:H2O2 seed coating enhanced the germination rate and increased seedling and stem length in the quality protein maize(QPM) variety.Seedlings had a higher emergence velocity under this treatment in both varieties.CH and H2O2 sprinklings did not have an effect on seedling phenology.Exogenous application of H2O2 promoted an increase of endogenous H2O2.CH and H2O2 seedling sprinkling increased the protein content in both maize varieties,while there was no significant effect on the CAT activity of treated seeds and seedlings.Conclusions:CH and H2O2 enhance some phenological and biochemical features of maize depending on their method of application.     

Effects of electroacupuncture at 2 and 100 Hz on rat type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain and hyperalgesia-related protein expression in the dorsal root ganglion

Objective

To investigate the analgesic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at 2 and 100 Hz on type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) and on the expressions of the P2X3 receptor and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG).

Methods

Rat type 2 DNP was induced by a high calorie and high sugar diet fed for 7 weeks, plus a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) after 5 weeks. EA at 2 and 100 Hz was carried out once every day after 7 weeks for 7 consecutive days. Body weight, serum fasting insulin (FINS), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were measured. The expressions of L4–L6 DRG P2X3 receptors and CGRP were assessed by immunofluorescence.

Results

Type 2 DNP was successfully induced as shown by the increased body weight, FINS, and FBG, as well as the reduced ISI and PWL. Expressions of P2X3 receptors and CGRP in L4–L6 DRGs increased. EA at both 2 and 100 Hz relieved type 2 DNP, but the analgesic effect of EA was stronger at 2 Hz. P2X3 receptor expression decreased in L4–L6 DRGs following EA at 2 Hz and in L5 and L6 DRGs following EA at 100 Hz. EA at both 2 and 100 Hz down-regulated CGRP overexpression in L4–L6 DRGs.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that EA at 2 Hz is a good option for the management of type 2 DNP. The EA effect may be related to its down-regulation of the overexpressions of the DRG P2X3 receptors and CGRP in this condition.

     

Instructions to Authors and Guest Editors

Instructions for Authors

Instructions to Authors and Guest Editors     

Idea Networking and Creative Sharing

Tech-Savvy Teaching and Student-Produced Media

Idea Networking and Creative Sharing     

Instructions for Authors and Guest Editors

Instructions for Authors

Instructions for Authors and Guest Editors     

Letters exchanged between Bohr and Rutherford

Classics

Letters exchanged between Bohr and Rutherford     

Designing for Deep and Meaningful Student-to-Content Interactions

Supporting students’ cognitive processing in online courses:

Designing for Deep and Meaningful Student-to-Content Interactions     

Referesher course on contemporary non-equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics

Information and Announcements

Referesher course on contemporary non-equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics 20 October–2 November 2010     

Children exposed to child maltreatment and intimate partner violence: a study of co-occurrence among Hong Kong Chinese families

Objective

This study assessed the co-occurrence of child maltreatment and intimate partner violence (IPV) and examined the association between them.

Method

The cross-sectional study recruited a population-based sample of 1,094 children aged 12-17 years in Hong Kong. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from the children. The prevalence of occurrence of child abuse and neglect by parents and exposure to IPV in both the past year and lifetime was examined, and their correlates were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

The results show that 26% and 14.6% of child participants had been exposed to IPV physical assault, and 44.4% and 22.6% had been subjected to a parent's corporal punishment or to physical maltreatment from a parent in their lifetime and the year preceding the study, respectively. Among those families characterized by IPV, 54.4% and 46.5% were involved in child physical maltreatment over the child's lifetime and in the preceding year, respectively.

Conclusions

Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that children exposed to IPV were at higher risk of being victims of neglect, corporal punishment, and physical maltreatment or severe physical maltreatment by their parents than children who were not exposed to IPV, even when child and parent demographic factors were controlled for.

Practical implications

The higher risk of child physical maltreatment associated with IPV highlights the need for an integrated assessment to screen for the presence of multiple forms of family violence within the family, and for intervention to assess effective responses to both IPV and child maltreatment by child protective service workers and domestic violence agencies.     

Tertiary Education and Management (TEAM)

Instructions for Authors

Tertiary Education and Management (TEAM)     

A preliminary evaluation of VEGF-A,VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective

Decompensated chronic hyperglycemia often leads to late microvascular complications such as retinopathy, diabetic foot syndrome, and diabetic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its receptors in patients with well-controlled diabetes.

Methods

The study was conducted on 31 patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes without micro-or macroangiopathy. Thirty healthy volunteers were enrolled in a control group. Serum concentrations of VEGF-A, VEGF receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2), fasting glucose, and lipid profiles were measured, and the plasma concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined.

Results

No significant differences were observed between the concentration of VEGF-A, VEGFR1 or VEGFR2 in the subject group and that in the control group. Positive correlations were noted between the levels of VEGF-A, VEGFR2, and triglyceride, and there was a negative correlation between the levels of VEGFR2 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol in the study group.

Conclusions

The concentrations of VEGF-A and its receptors 1 and 2 in patients with well-controlled diabetes are comparable to those of healthy individuals, which may indicate that appropriate control of glucose levels delays the occurrence of vascular complications. A negative correlation between VEGFR2 and HDL-cholesterol levels, and positive correlations between VEGF-A, VEGFR2, and triglyceride levels, suggest that lipid abnormalities occurring in diabetes may be involved in the modulation of angiogenesis.     

Integrating New Ideas in Course Design, Implementation, and Evaluation

Editor's Page

Integrating New Ideas in Course Design, Implementation, and Evaluation     

Books,Articles, and Items of Academic Interest

THE ISSUE AT A GLANCE

The Issue at a Glance     

Interdisciplinarity and education: towards principles of pedagogical practice

Abstract

Purpose:

This article contributes new empirical evidence and nuanced analysis on the gender difference in access to extension services and how this translates to observed differences in technology adoption and agricultural productivity.     

Some Ways of Knowing Mathematics and Some Implications for Teacher Education

Editorial

Some Ways of Knowing Mathematics and Some Implications for Teacher Education     

AECT and ECT Internship: A Once in a Lifetime Experience for Graduate Students

ect Cornerstone

AECT and ECT Internship: A Once in a Lifetime Experience for Graduate Students     

The book of genesis and the chronicles of the people of ASERA

Supplement

The book of genesis and the chronicles of the people of ASERA