PC机与多片MCS-51单片机间的通讯控制网络

本文介绍了PC机通过中间控制器管理多台MCS-51单片机从机的分布网络系统，本系统在实际生产自动化监督运用中，运行情况良好稳定，是一个较科学的主从一体，运行上彼此独立的控制网络系统。     

基于VB6.0实现单片机与PC机的串口通信

介绍了Visual Basic 6.0环境下利用MSComm控件来实现PC机与单片机的串行通信;指出了MSComm控件的属性、事件及通信步骤;给出了PC机与51单片机串行通信的应用实例。     

嵌入式TCP/IP在单片机与PC机通信中的应用

单片机与PC机的通信有十分重要的实际意义.通过分析简化TCP/IP协议,使用KEILC51编制程序实现TCP/IP协议,并采用RTL8019AS芯片设计制作连接单片机与PC机连接的硬件电路,对单片机与PC机间的通信进行了研究.在对TCP/IP深入分析基础上,简化TCP/IP协议栈并嵌入到51单片机中,结合硬件电路进行了单片机端的IP设置、ping命令的使用,实现了单片机与PC主机的通信连接.     

基于51单片机的USB接口应用设计

基于MCS-51单片机系统,以CH372芯片为核心,设计出了USB接口单元电路和驱动程序。并以PC机为宿主机,通过USB接口,利用动态链接库技术完成了PC机与单片机系统间的传输测试。研究表明:在低于1Mbps速率下,能成功实现微机和单片机之间的数据交换,对于较高速率的传输方式,应采用更高效的驱动芯片或通信类专用单片机系统完成并实现微机和单片机之间的数据交换。     

PC机与多单片机的串行通信

本文介绍了PC机与多台单片机间的串行通信原理、实现方法、相应的通信协议,重点阐述了利用Mscomm通信控件及C51语言实现通信控制的方法,并给出了相关程序流程图及部分源代码。     

16*16 LED显示屏控制系统的设计研究

基于串行通信的16*16 LED显示屏控制系统的设计,利用Visual Basic提供的MSComm控件建立PC机与单片机的串行通信,设计友好的操作界面,实现控制LED显示屏.上位机采用VB编程,通过按键向单片机输送控制信号,控制显示屏的循环次数、显示方式.单片机采用MCS-51单片机指令系统进行编程实现串口数据接收,并控制驱动16*16 LED显示屏做出相应的显示.经测试该系统能实现良好的自动控制,功能满意.     

基于MCS-51单片机的远程浴室控制系统设计

给出了一种可进行远程控制的浴室控制器方案,浴室控制器主要由单片机、A/D转换器和电磁阀组成,设计了单片机与PC机之间的串行通信电路等。设计以MCS-51单片机作为系统控制单元,结合系统硬件电路设计和软件设计实现对电磁阀和A/D转换器的控制,从而实现对水温及浴池放水时间的控制。     

单片机与微机的串行通信

介绍了MCS-51单片机与微机的串行通信方法，详细说明MCS-51单片机串行通信口的应用，并给出了串行通信的硬件连接方法和软件编写．     

基于RS485实现的PC机与单片机多机通信

介绍了基于RS485实现的PC机与单片机串行通信控制系统.通过RS485/RS232信号转换电路,PC机根据下位机的地址不间断采集下位机的数据,经过处理后,将控制信号传给下位机,从而实现PC机与单片机之间的多路远程数据采集和远程控制.     

用C语言编写PC与MCS-51通讯程序

一、问题提出在进行单片机实验时,需要将机器代码输入到单片机的程序存贮器中,如果采用人工输入机器码,则容易产生漏码、重码、错码等现象,给调试工作带来诸多不便。而利用PC机的串行口将目标程序直接送到MCS-51单片机的程序存贮器中,可以大大提高工作效率。在MCS-51单片机中,有一个全双工的串行口,而PC机中有一个RS-232接口,我们只需设计一个简单的接口电路,用通讯线将PC机与单片机相连接,并编写相应的接收、发送程序,即可实现。二、具体设计方案1. 硬件设计由于PC机的RS-232输出的是EIA电平,即逻辑1用-5Vˉ-12V电平来表示,逻辑0…     

钦州湾表层海水温度盐度及pH值时空变化

根据2009年春夏秋冬4个季节调查资料,分析钦州湾表层海水温度、盐度及pH值的季节变化和分布特征。结果表明：钦州湾海水平均温度春季20．4℃,夏季30．1℃,秋季16．0℃,冬季14．6℃,变化特征与气温的季节变化相同,空间分布为夏秋季河口区的水温都略高于湾口区,而春冬季则相反。海水平均盐度春季20．067,夏季17．975,秋季23．864,冬季23．660,表现为秋季〉冬季〉春季〉夏季,各季节空间分布总体表现为河口区低,湾口区高的趋势。海水pH平均值春季7．82,夏季8．11,秋季8．01,冬季8．10,全年空间分布高值区均出现在大风江口外海域。钦州湾海水比较适宜大蚝、对虾、文蛤等广温广盐性品种的海水养殖。     

20世纪90年代我国区域高等教育公平与效率变化的实证研究

公平和效率是各国高等教育发展中存在的重要问题之一。一般认为公平和效率在理论上和宏观上是可以统一的，并能够得到协调发展和可持续发展。然而，从微观和实践层面上分析却往往会发现存在一种矛盾现象，似乎是一个不可调和的两难问题。我国省(市)高等教育发展的公平与效率就是当前急需关注的一个典型的、具体的问题。通过对反映我国1999年和2000年各省(市)高等教育和经济发展状况的多指标进行聚类、相关等统计分析，考察了我国20世纪90年代高等教育区域公平和效率的发展变化特征，并通过对二者量化关系的揭示，对我国省(市)20世纪90年代高等教育公平与效率问题进行了实证分析和评估，并对我国未来省(市)高等教育的进一步发展提出了相应的对策和建议。     

A comparative examination of schools' responses to bereavement and the associated needs of the school community in Galway,West of Ireland and Derry,Northern Ireland

The aim and objective of this study is to examine and compare how schools in Galway, Republic of Ireland and Derry in the North of Ireland (cities located within two independent jurisdictions in Ireland) manage and respond to bereavement. To carry out a survey of schools, the ‘Loss in Schools’ questionnaire is considered the most suitable tool. The questionnaire, which contains 10 questions designed to unearth pertinent issues including the needs and concerns of schools, had previously been administered in studies in Hull. Sixty questionnaires were administered in both Galway and Derry, with a return of 38 and 35, respectively. This study illuminates important aspects of the topic. The schools in both Galway and Derry rate bereavement (and parental separation) as highly important in terms of priorities. In terms of policy, some of the respondents in both study sites report that loss is included in their school's policy documents but not formally included in the curriculum. A designated staff member (who would speak to the pupil experiencing the death of a family member or significant other) is evident in 37% of Derry schools and 23% of Galway schools. Some members of staff in both study sites have attended training in bereavement, although the courses are relatively short term. Schools request assistance from other agencies outside the formal schools arena in times of need. In Galway the psychology services are most commonly consulted, while in Derry the Western Education and Library Board Bereavement Counselling teams and Cruse Bereavement Care are identified as additional resources from which help is sought. This paper outlines recommendations on schools' training needs in the area of child bereavement and the request for support to help further develop and formalise school policies.     

Trust in top management and immediate supervisor: The relationship to satisfaction,perceived organizational effectiveness,and information receiving

Utilizing 2068 individuals in 60 organizations in the U.S. and Italy, this study (a) examines the overall relationship between trust in top management and immediate supervisor and overall estimates of satisfaction and perceived organizational effectiveness, (b) compares the amount of variance in satisfaction and effectiveness that can be explained by trust in top management to the amount of variance explained by trust in immediate supervisor, and (c) clarifies the role of information receiving as a predictor of trust in top management and immediate supervisor. Results of a canonical correlation analysis indicated that the canonical equation explained 49% of the variance in the linear composites (Canonical R = .69, p < .001). Trust in top management was more strongly associated with satisfaction and effectiveness than was trust in immediate supervisor. Tzvo separate multiple regression analyses indicated that after controlling for geographic location of company and type of industry, information received about job and organizational issues uniquely explained 26% of the variance in trust in top management and 13% of the variance in trust in immediate supervisor.     

Towards Inclusion? Models of Behaviour Support in Secondary Schools in One Education Authority in Scotland

This article draws on data emerging from an evaluation of behaviour support strategies in secondary schools in an education authority in Scotland. The authors all work at the University of Glasgow. Jean Kane has research and teaching interests in the area of special educational needs; she offers consultancy to local authorities in the development of inclusive policies and practices in schools. Dr George Head has research and teaching interests in the area of social, emotional and behavioural difficulties and social inclusion; he is also an experienced teacher. Both Jean Kane and George Head are lecturers in the Faculty of Education. Nicola Cogan is a researcher at the Strathclyde Centre for Disability Research and has a background as a research psychologist in the health sector.
In Scotland, the growth of behaviour support provision is closely related to broader policy on social inclusion. It is argued in this article that new models of behaviour support can be developed in the light of previous and related experience in the development of inclusive support systems in schools. The authors present a typology of behaviour support, drawing upon their evaluation of provision, and discuss the characteristics of the types of support that emerge. Using data from exclusion statistics, pupil case studies and interviews with teachers, managers, pupils and parents, Jean Kane, George Head and Nicola Cogan explore the implications of their work for future developments in support for pupils who present difficult behaviours.     

北京话旁称代词的历时嬗变（1750—1950）（上）

自18世纪中叶到20世纪中叶,北京话旁称代词系统在句法、语义上呈现出了比较明显的发展变化,这种发展变化在三个时期的三部典型的北京话文献《红楼梦》《儿女英雄传》《正红旗下》中得到了充分的反映。就旁称代词系统而言,历时嬗变的发生轨迹是：由18世纪中叶的＂别人、人家、别人家、他人、旁人＂阵容切换到了19世纪中叶的＂人家、别人、他人、旁人＂阵容,并最终切换到了20纪中叶的＂别人、人家＂阵容,期间的此消彼长、删汰整合昭然。就旁称代词个体而言,历时嬗变的发生轨迹是：1.＂别人＂由18世纪的炙热到19世纪的没落,再到20世纪的重新走强;2＂.人家＂由18世纪的初露锋芒到19世纪的首度大大超越＂别人＂而一枝独秀,再到20世纪与＂别人＂的平分天下;3＂.他人＂这个曾经在相当长的时段内的旁称代词家族的宠儿由18世纪的颓势已现到19世纪的英雄末路,直至20世纪的难觅踪影;4.不温不火一路走来的＂旁人＂由18世纪的衰落到19世纪的走向没落,直至20世纪的淡出我们的视线;5.产生于元代的＂别人家＂由18世纪的衰弱到19世纪的没落,直至20世纪的只留存在部分方言中而在北京话中彻底消亡。     

水彩画中的光影魅力

从文艺复兴时期的写实水彩画到当代的趣味性水彩画,光与影一直伴随其间。通过对西方水彩画发展历史的概述和15、16世纪的德国,18、19世纪的英国,20世纪的美国等几个时期在光影处理方面具有鲜明特点的水彩艺术大师的作品分析,研究其光影处理技巧在作品中和所在时期创作中的作用,可以探索光影运用发展的意义,感悟水彩画中的光影魅力。     

Students' Argumentative Writing Skills in Science and First-Language Education: Commonalities and differences

The ability to build arguments is a crucial skill and a central educational goal in all school subjects including science as it enables students to formulate reasoned opinions and thus to cope with the increasing complexity of knowledge. In the present cross-sectional study, we examined the domain-specificity of argumentative writing in science by comparing it with a rather general type of argumentation as promoted in first-language education and with formal reasoning to gain insight into different forms of argumentation on theoretical and empirical levels. Using a paper-and-pencil test, we analyzed written argumentations and the reasoning abilities of 3,274 Grade-10 students in German secondary schools. Correlation and multiple regression analyses as well as a qualitative analysis of students' answers to a subset of tasks in the domains of science and first-language education were conducted. Results showed moderate relations between argumentation in science, argumentation in first-language education, and reasoning. Half of the variance in argumentation in science was explained by individual differences in argumentation in first-language education and reasoning. Furthermore, the examination of written arguments revealed differences, for example, in students' weighing of pros and cons. We assume that the familiarity of the underlying scientific information may play an essential role in the argumentation process and posit that it needs to be investigated in more detail. Overall, the study indicates that investigating the argumentational abilities of learners in first-language education and reasoning abilities can help to shed light on the domain-specificity of argumentation in science.     

公平与均衡：发展中国家教育变革的体制探析

均衡发展是发展教育的本质要求。教育体制在很大程度上直接规定了教育体系存在、运行和发展的基本方式,制约着教育资源的开发、配置以及教育各项社会功能的实现。世界各国教育存在方式和发展模式上的种种不同都相对集中地反映在其教育体制上。文章从体制层面来探析发展中国家的教育变革,力图为发展中国家教育变革的公平与均衡提供体制性保障,促进发展中国家的教育发展。     

港台作家作品中的熟语变异现象之我见

用普通话写作的港台作家作品中所用的熟语受到港台话的影响而发生变异。本讨论共同语的熟语在港台话中的语形变异和语义变异，提出并讨论其变异的方式，以求其沟通普通话和港台话对同义或同形熟语的相互理解。