礼貌原则的跨文化语用研究对大学英语教学的启示

本文从跨文化语用学的角度出发,以东西方两种文化的差异为着手点,提出了对礼貌问题的看法——礼貌原则是人们顺利进行言语交际的基础,在不同文化中表现出不同的特点.本文对比分析了中西方礼貌原则的差异,提出英语教师在大学英语教学中也应引导学生注意和了解礼貌原则,从而提高教学效果.     

礼貌原则的跨文化语用研究与外语教学

礼貌是语用学研究的热点问题之一.本文在继承中外学者关于礼貌问题合理见解的基础上,以东西方两种文化的差异为出发点,从跨文化语用或交际的角度,提出了对礼貌问题的看法礼貌原则是人们顺利进行言语交际的基础,在不同文化中表现出不同的特点.本文从中西文化差异的角度,阐述了具有代表性的、分别由顾曰国和利奇提出的中西礼貌原则,对比分析了中西礼貌原则的差异与成因,说明了在跨文化交际中对礼貌原则的研究的重要性及其对外语教学的启示.     

中英电话用语中的礼貌原则

礼貌是会话的一条重要原则,是各种语言文化都遵循的一条原则,但由于各种语言文化都有其各自不同的礼貌表达方式,在跨文化交际有其各自不同文化选择不同的礼貌准则和不同的礼貌策略,这些差异会影响交际的顺利进行。本文简要分析了中英电话语中的礼貌原则在礼貌准则、礼貌方略、礼貌程度等几个方面所体现的差异。     

礼貌原则与跨文化交际

礼貌原则是人们会话交际中的一条重要的指导原则,虽具有普遍的性质,但同时又具有文化特征,不同文化对礼貌行为有不同的要求,不同文化赋予礼貌不同的内涵。因此从不同文化在实现礼貌的方法以及在礼貌的判断标准差异上来分析礼貌原则对跨文化交际是有现实意义的。     

英汉礼貌言语研究理论的对比分析

礼貌是各个文化共有的一种语言及社会现象,对礼貌原则的研究在语言学、心理学、社会学等学科均是重要的研究对象。在语言学领域,Leech,Brown＆Levinson等西方语言学家提出的关于礼貌和礼貌原则的理论一直占有重要的学术地位。但20世纪80年代末以来,包括中国在内的一些非英语国家的学者又提出了针对本国语言和文化的礼貌原则,强调礼貌的文化特性。本文以中国学者的研究为例,对比分析了在中西方具有代表性的礼貌原则,论证了它们在本质上有共通之处,而二者在不同的文化中所表现出来的差异性则是礼貌原则在共性基础上的特性表现。     

语境要素与礼貌的得体性

Leech等提出的礼貌原则是一套规约人们日常行为的准则。尽管礼貌原则考虑到损益、间接和选择对话语礼貌的影响,因没考虑交际者所处的情景语境与文化语境,依照礼貌原则的话语有时也不恰当。只有结合具体语境,话语的礼貌才更得体。话语礼貌依赖于特定的语境,语境影响着礼貌原则得体地运用。本文旨在从不同的情景语境和文化语境来探讨礼貌原则的得体性。     

跨文化交际中的英汉礼貌原则

礼貌原则由文化决定又反映着文化,不同的文化对礼貌有不同的解释和侧重.Leech的札貌原则没有考虑语境的制约因素,不能有效地指导跨文化交际.在跨文化交际中,礼貌原则必然体现各自的文化依附性,不同文化背景下的英汉礼貌原则存在差异.     

礼貌原则的英汉文化透视与对比探析

礼貌是每个群体或社会所广泛使用的文明的手段,是人们在社会言语交际中所必须遵守的原则。然而,中西方文化价值、自我观及语言的间接程度的差异导致了礼貌原则差异的存在。中西不同文化赋予礼貌不同的内涵,对礼貌行为有不同的要求和侧重。本文通过对英汉礼貌原则的比对,试图尽量减少不同文化交际中出现的语用失误,从而顺利地进行跨文化交际。     

浅析中西方的礼貌原则

礼貌原则是我们交际中的最高原则,它是会话中合作原则的完善,无论是在中国,还是在西方文化背景下的社会交际,都会巧妙地运用礼貌原则来更好地完成会话。但礼貌原则毕竟受不同文化的限制,这就要求我们在跨文化交际时,必须注意礼貌原则的异同,以便更好地表情达意。该文回顾了中西方学者对礼貌原则的研究,指出了中西方不同的准则和次准则,揭示了礼貌原则差异的本质在于文化的差异。     

礼貌言语行为的文化性

礼貌虽然是人类言语交际中的普遍现象，但不同的文化对礼貌有不同的解释和侧重。礼貌准则是各社会群体广泛使用的重要交际手段，但不同文化里评价礼貌的标准和认识礼貌的方式不同。文章通过将顾日国先生分析的汉文化的礼貌特征与Leech提出的具有美国文化特征的礼貌原则详细做一比较，得出产生跨文化交际失败的原因是因为交际双方没有取得文化认同的结论。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.