呋喃加氢催化剂的制备及性能考察

对呋喃加氢催化剂的制备过程及方法进行分析。探索雷尼镍催化剂的制备工艺．并将其用于呋喃加氢制四氢呋喃的试验中。在对催化剂活性考察的同时,辅以催化剂用量的考察,溶剂的选择及助剂的添加,研究上述诸多因素对加氢实验的影响．从而选择出了催化剂的最佳用量,理想的溶剂和助剂。原料的转化率和反应的选择性是考察催化卉j催化性能好坏的的重要标准。实验结果表明。在一定的反应工艺条件下,可以获得较高的呋喃转化率和四氢呋喃收率。     

KT-02催化剂低压液相加氢法生产间苯二胺新工艺的实验研究

使用中科药源KT-02负载型镍基催化剂催化间二硝基苯加氢合成间苯二胺。首先通过控制变量法和正交试验,考察反应温度、加氢压力、反应时间等因素与间苯二胺产率的关系,确定合适的实验室工艺条件。而后将同一批KT-02催化剂重复多次用于不同批次间二硝基苯的催化加氢,考察催化剂的最大套用次数。结果表明,5. 0g间二硝基苯在140℃、加氢压力为3. 0MPa、200mL乙醇做溶剂、催化剂用量为1. 0g时,反应2. 5h,间苯二胺收率达到95%以上;上述反应条件下,在保证产品收率为90%以上时,KT-02催化剂可重复套用7次。最后通过SEM分析不同批次使用后催化剂的微观形貌,获得催化剂性能变化的相关信息。     

羟醛缩合法合成肉桂醛的工艺研究

以苯甲醛、乙醛为原料,在碱性条件下用羟醛缩合法合成产物肉桂醛,并分别考察了催化剂、反应温度、两种原料用量比对产物收率的影响。结果表明:在温度为25℃、催化剂为氢氧化钠、苯甲醛∶乙醛=3∶1的条件下,产品收率能达到76%。     

苯加氢反应的应用探索

加氢反应是在化合物中引入氢原子使不饱和键转化为饱和键的过程，常应用于精制原料和产品，以及饱和化合物的合成，在反应过程中常常只对部分官能团加氢，而保留其余官能团，因此对催化剂的选择性要求高，从反应系统状态上可分为气相加氢和液相加氢．苯加氢反应属强放热反应，在反应中要考虑热量的移出．本对苯加氢反应机理、动力学、催化剂及应用进行分析，讨论苯加氢反应的一般工艺规律。     

固体超强酸TiO_2/SO_4~(2-)催化合成硬脂酸乙酯

以硬脂酸和无水乙醇为原料,固体超强酸TiO2/SO2-4为催化剂,催化合成硬脂酸乙酯,考察了不同活化温度对催化剂催化活性的影响,原料醇酸比、反应的时间、催化剂的用量等工艺条件对酯化反应产率的影响,并用正交实验优化出较佳的合成条件,即520°C活化的催化剂催化活性最高.较佳的工艺条件是:乙醇∶硬脂酸=9∶1,催化剂∶硬脂酸=0.09∶1,反应温度为83°C,反应时间为8h.硬脂酸乙酯产率可达96.5%.     

固体超强酸TiO2/SO2-4催化合成硬脂酸乙酯

以硬脂酸和无水乙醇为原料,固体超强酸TiO2/SO2-4为催化剂,催化合成硬脂酸乙酯,考察了不同活化温度对催化剂催化活性的影响,原料醇酸比、反应的时间、催化剂的用量等工艺条件对酯化反应产率的影响,并用正交实验优化出较佳的合成条件,即520 °C活化的催化剂催化活性最高.较佳的工艺条件是:乙醇∶硬脂酸=9∶1,催化剂∶硬脂酸=0.09∶1,反应温度为83 °C,反应时间为8 h.硬脂酸乙酯产率可达96.5%.     

NaF/Al_2O_3催化餐饮废油制备生物柴油的研究

生物柴油是以动、植物油脂为原料,与甲醇等低级醇发生酯交换反应而制得的产物,是一种环境友好的可再生能源.实验探讨了NaF/Al2O3催化餐饮废油与甲醇的酯化反应,利用正交实验、单因素实验讨论醇油比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对生物柴油产率的影响.实验结果表明制备生物柴油的最佳工艺条件为:醇/油摩尔比为9:1、催化剂用量2%(质量分数)、反应温度62℃、反应时间90分钟.在最佳工艺条件下产率可达90%以上.     

固体超强酸ZrO_2-SO_4~(2-)催化合成丁酸异丁酯

以正丁酸和异丁醇为原料,固体超强酸ZrO2—SO2-4为催化剂,催化合成丁酸异丁酯.探讨了原料醇酸摩尔比、温度、时间、催化剂用量和重复使用性等工艺条件对酯化反应的影响.实验结果表明,在最佳工艺条件下酯化率可达98%以上.     

废加氢催化剂脱油处理方法的研究

利用表面活性剂的渗透功能,研究了一种方便快捷、成本低廉的方法来处理工业加氢催化剂废弃物,处理效果显著,废加氢催化剂洗涤效率可达72.9%,含油量由原来的17.4%降低至2.8%,实现了脱油的目的。并摸索出最佳工艺条件为:表面活性剂质量分数3%、氯化钠1%、氢氧化钠3%、油/水体积比为1:2、加热温度80±2℃、超声波作用下搅拌反应2h。     

微波促进杂多酸催化双氧水氧化环已酮制备己二酸

本文研究了微波促进杂多酸催化剂催化双氧水氧化环己酮制备己二酸的反应,考察了5种催化剂以及催化剂用量、反应原料、微波辐射功率和辐射时间对己二酸产率的影响.反应的优化条件为：3.5ml环己酮、0.5g钨酸钠、0.5g磺基水杨酸、15ml30%双氧水,在微波辐射功率为400W下反应50min,其产率达72.37%,产物经红外光谱表征.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.