用体验式学习培养小学科学课教师

体验式学习不仅是教师教育中行之有效的教育教学手段，更是构建学习者知识能力情感价值观的重要学习方式，对小学科学教师的专业发展具有重要意义。从课程的宏微观建设角度初步探讨体验式学习对小学科学教师培养的作用。     

小学科学教师的科学素养结构要素及其具体要求

全民科学素养的高低，是制约社会发展水平的重要因素，而教育是提高全民科学素养的主要途径，小学科学是以培养科学素养为宗旨的科学启蒙课程。小学科学教师自身科学素养的高低，直接影响到人才培养的质量。基于对科学素养基本要素的共识、科学素养概念的弹性以及对小学科学教师的特殊要求，提出“小学科学教师的科学素养结构要素”这一概念，并对结构要素进行界定，对各要素的品质提出具体要求。     

中学理科教育中的科学人文精神

中学理科教育也具有人文精神的教育功能,在中学理科教育中教师应将科学教育与人文教育有机地结合起来,将人文精神的教育渗透于各科知识的传授过程中.教师在教学中可从科学的发展史和科学家的典型故事、从教材和学科特点、从美育功能入手,培养学生的科学人文精神.     

Fostering Self-Reflection and Meaningful Learning: Earth Science Professional Development for Middle School Science Teachers

This paper describes the analysis of teachers’ journal reflections during an inquiry-based professional development program. As a part of their learning experience, participants reflected on what they learned and how they learned. Progress of subject matter and pedagogical content knowledge was assessed though surveys and pre- and posttests. We found that teachers have difficulties reflecting on their learning and posing meaningful questions. The teachers who could describe how they reasoned from evidence to understand a concept had the highest learning gains. In contrast those teachers who seldom or never described learning a concept by reasoning from evidence showed the smallest learning gains. This analysis suggests that learning to reflect on one’s learning should be an integral part of teachers’ professional development experiences.     

昆明市中学教师教育科研状况的调查分析与思考

通过对昆明市中学教师进行开放式问卷调查，了解了昆明市中学教师教育科研的现状。根据调查结果，从四个方面认真分析和思考了当前昆明市中学教师教育科研方面存在的问题，提出了一些如何通过教育科研提高中学教师素质的建议和要求。     

中学化学教师影响学生科学素养形成问题的解决策略研究

针对目前我国中学化学教师科学素养亟待提高的现状,首先要提高教师在职培训的针对性和实效性;其次要建立有效的教师科学素养培训制度;三是教育行政部门应加快推进考试制度的改革.如此进行化学教师在职培训,才能使化学教师的科学素养得到提高,并适应当前课程改革的需要.     

也谈中小学教师继续教育中的师德培养

随着新世纪的到来,教育事业的发展对教师师德提出了更高的标准。在全国范围内开展的中小学教师继续教育培训过程中,各级教育主管部门、培训院校过于注重学历层次的达标和专业知识结构的更新,教师师德的培养被不同程度地忽视了,继续教育的质量因此受到了很大的影响。本文通过对当前我国中小学教师师德的现状分析入手,谈谈新世纪加强中小学教师师德修养的必要性,以及在继续教育培训中如何加强中小学教师师德的培养。     

创新科研型中学数学教师职前教育探究

剖析当前中学数学职前教育实践活动存在的问题,探讨解决问题的突破口——创新科研型中学数学教师职前教育,提出一些改进的方法.     

在教学中教师如何帮助和转化差生(英文)

如何帮助、教育和转化差生已是学校教育中最重要的问题之一。目前全国上下提倡“素质教育”,重视“弱势群体”,这就要求学校、教师改变教学观念,给予这些学生更多的理解和关爱。此外,教师还要采取科学的教学方法并争取家长的配合和社会的支持。     

中学科学教学中学生科学素养的培养

中学科学课程作为学生科学学习领域的一门基础课程,它的根本目标在于提高全体学生的科学素养.论述了中学科学教学中培养学生科学素养的4个途径:一是加强实验教学,培养学生的科学意识;二是重视探究过程,培养学生的科学能力;三是实施人文教育,培养学生科学品质;四是开展科技实践活动,全面培养学生的科学素养.     

Predicting Scientific Understanding of Prospective Elementary Teachers: Role of Gender,Education Level,Courses in Science,and Attitudes Toward Science and Mathematics

A multiple regression analysis of the relationship between prospective teachers' scientific understanding and Gender, Education Level (High School, College), Courses in Science (Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Earth Science, Astronomy, and Agriculture), Attitude Towards Science, and Attitude Towards Mathematics is reported. Undergraduate elementary science students (N = 176) in an urban doctoral-level university in the United States participated in this study. The results of this study showed Gender, completion of courses in High School Chemistry and Physics, College Chemistry and Physics, and Attitudes Toward Mathematics and Science significantly correlated with scientific understanding. Based on a regression model, Gender, and College Chemistry and Physics experiences added significant predictive accuracy to scientific understanding among prospective elementary teachers compared to the other variables.     

Argumentation and Conceptualization in Context: a Case Study on Sunshadows in Primary School

I will analyse the individual and collective activities of fourth grade students while trying to explain a schoolfellow's mistake in the use of a geometrical schema (shared by the class) of the sunshadows phenomenon. The study aims at detecting productive links between context-related argumentation, mathematical modelling (here concerning sunshadows) and conceptualization (inclination of a straight line to a plane), as well as discussing their relevance for mathematics education. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Role of Epistemic Beliefs and Scientific Argumentation in Science Learning

We hypothesized that instruction in the criteria of scientific arguments, in combination with constructivist epistemic beliefs, would produce greater learning about physics concepts. The study was a randomized experiment, where college undergraduates (n = 88) discussed, in pairs over the Web, several physics problems related to gravity and air resistance. Prior to their discussions, one‐half of the dyads received information on the nature of scientific arguments. All students were classified epistemologically as relativists, multiplists, or evaluativists. We found that students in the treatment group incorporated more scientific criteria into their discussion notes and accordingly developed better arguments on several dimensions. In addition, significantly more participants in the treatment group adopted the correct answer to one of the problems. Outcomes also differed in relation to students’ epistemic beliefs. Specifically, multiplists were less critical of inconsistencies and misconceptions, and interacted with their partners less than other belief groups, whereas evaluativists interacted more critically, bringing up different ideas from their partners. Evaluativists also solved one of the physics problems more accurately and tended to demonstrate a reduction in misconceptions. We discuss the results in light of instruction in scientific argumentation, conceptual development and change, and epistemic beliefs.     

科学素质与科学教育

科学素质是现代社会得以发展的基石。科学素质的结构内容是由科学本质决定的,包括科学知识、科学方法和科学精神。而提高科学素质的关键,在于不断加强和改进科学教育。     

科学、科学文化和科学教育

要搞好科学教育,需要拓宽视野,深化认识,提升境界,减少盲目性。为此,要弄清科学的内涵、关注科学内涵的发展;要摒充狭隘的还原主义科学观,从多种角度揭示科学的内涵、本质并加以综合;要注意挖掘现代科学的文化内涵,认识它对有效培养学生科学素养的作用,重视科学文化的教育价值并用来指引科学教育的改革,不能简单地采用"科学 人文"的方式;还要抓住重点,妥善处理好科学文化各要素之间的关系。     

小学科学教师实施环境教育的问题与对策——基于杭州市西湖区小学科学教师的实证研究

为了解科学教师在小学阶段开展环境教育的现状,本文调查了杭州市西湖区小学科学教师的环境教育意识与能力。调查发现:西湖区小学科学教师整体环境教育意识较强,但由于环境教育在学校教育中被边缘化,缺乏环境教育的教师培训,加之教师日常工作量大等,科学教师实施环境教育能力略显不足。为提高科学教师环境教育能力,一要加强教师培训,提升教师开展环境教育所需的专业技能;二要增强科学教师与其他学科教师之间的交流;三要转变教师观念,提高思想认识;四要借助校外力量,增强科学教师的环境教育能力。     

科学教育中科学知识的价值分析

关于知识的价值,一直存在目的价值和手段价值之争。本文从社会视角、文化视角以及学生视角来审视和理解科学教育中科学知识的价值,并依据科学知识价值认识的多维视角构建了科学知识价值分析模型,提出科学知识具有信息价值、应用价值、探究价值、认识价值和情意价值等多重价值。     

论小学科学探究课

小学科学探究课是学生在教师指导下进行观察、提出问题、做出假设、制定计划、实施计划、得出结论和表达、交流并开展评价的科学探究活动。小学科学探究课能培养学生的科学思维能力、科学精神与科学态度，使学生初步习得科学方法，逐步获得对科学本质的理解。     

学校发展与科学管理

发展是学校党政工作的第一要务;科学管理是学校发展的保证,教育管理的创新是学校发展的动力;教育管理体制创新,要在知识创新和知识分子创新中得以实现。