校长课程领导:角色、困境与展望

我国基础教育课程改革实行国家、地方和学校三级课程、三级管理,让学校自主开发一部分课程。校长是校务的最高领导人,学校层课程改革进行得如何与校长密切相关。为此,教育行政部门应多为校长领导课程创造条件,校长要善于“顺势、造势、导势”,要发挥每位教师参与课程改革的积极性、主动性和创造性。     

Social Space,Gender Inequalities and Educational Differentiation

The spatial dimensions of social interaction and reproduction have received increasing attention from sociologists in recent years. However, these issues remain largely implicit in most studies of classrooms, schools and the education system. In this paper, I argue that the study of social space should be integral to analyses of the relationship between educational differentiation and social reproduction. After examining the position of space in Giddens's theory of structuration, I focus on how space is used in schools as a resource in the production of unequal gender relations. Space is viewed not simply as a context in which interaction occurs, but as a phenomenon which both produces, and is produced by, gendered power relations.     

社会性别角色获得与民族文化系统

个体性别角色定型是一种文化上的规定性。它既是民族心理的重要表征 ,又是民族社会化的重要体现。不同民族所处的文化环境对这个民族性别角色的形成发生重要的影响。要研究民族的深层心理问题 ,就需要对性别角色及其获得进行研究 ,需要对相关的社会文化因素进行研究。     

社会性别视野中的高等教育研究

本文从社会性别这一视角切入高等教育研究 ,审视传统高等教育研究中的“性别无意识” ,并关注建立高等教育社会性别研究的新领域和形式 ,为实现高等教育领域内的社会性别公平 ,深化高等教育改革和妇女解放提供理论依据和方法论启示。     

The Intersection of Social Justice and Educational Technology: The Educational Technology Social Justice Matrix

Education and Information Technologies - This paper presents the Educational Technology Social Justice Matrix based on a review of thirty-eight recent papers from a search for the terms...     

Exploring the Roles of Social Presence and Gender Difference in Online Learning

Online learning has become more popular in higher education with its advantages of flexibility and accessibility. However, there have been challenges to students’ learning experience in online learning. One critical challenge would be providing interactions between students and instructors as good or effective as in the face‐to‐face environment. However, providing face‐to‐face interactions in online learning is not feasible because students and instructors are not physically present together. In this study, we introduce and empirically investigate social presence as student learning experience in online learning in which physical presence does not exist. Drawing upon the social presence and online learning literature, we propose a research model to explore how the interactivity of communication tools can drive social presence and student satisfaction in online learning. Furthermore, this study examines gender difference as a moderator in the model. Data were collected from undergraduate students who were taking online business statistics courses where an interactive communication tool was required to use for class communication and collaboration. The results showed that social presence driven by tool interactivity had a significant impact on student satisfaction in online learning. We also found that gender difference moderated the relationship between tool interactivity and social presence in online learning.     

同伴行为对教育期望影响的性别差异——基于CEPS2014调查数据的分析

本研究使用中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)2013-2014年基线数据,探讨同伴行为对学生教育期望的影响及其性别差异。研究发现,初中生的教育期望存在性别差异,而且女生的教育期望显著高于男生;同伴的积极行为会提升个人的教育期望,而同伴的消极行为会降低个人的教育期望;同伴的积极行为对男生教育期望的影响效应显著高于女生,而同伴的消极行为对个人教育期望的影响不存在性别差异。因此,应充分发挥同伴的积极影响,努力减少或消除同伴的消极影响,缩小两性在教育期望上的差异,进而促进男生在学业上的成就。     

High Educational Expectations and Low Achievement: Stability of Educational Goals Across Adolescence

Abstract

Data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 were used to investigate variables that predicted stability of adolescents' postsecondary educational expectations from Grade 8 to 2 years after high school. The study included students who had early expectations for at least a bachelor's degree as well as 8th-grade reading or mathematics test scores that were below the median. All participants had high early expectations and comparatively low early achievement. Six years later, approximately 76% of the participants still had high expectations, whereas 24% of them no longer expected to earn a bachelor's degree. Results provide support for the addition of variables to the social cognitive model of educational achievement when predicting long-term educational expectations and attainment.     

Educational Neuroscience: Its Position,Aims and Expectations

ABSTRACT

An important issue in the discussion on educational neuroscience is the transfer of thought and findings between neuroscience and education. In addition to factual confusions in this transfer in the form of neuromyths, logical confusions, or neuro-misconceptions, can be identified. We consider these transfer difficulties in light of the way educational neuroscience is positioned in relation to the main fields involved: neuroscience, educational sciences and educational practice. A distinction between educational neuroscience as part of neuroscience, educational sciences and as an independent discipline will show that different types of questions are asked within these different positions. Distinguishing these positions will also shed light on the aim and possibilities to transfer knowledge and insights into educational practice and will elucidate the confusions in transfer. While educational neuroscience as part of educational sciences and as an independent discipline aims to directly connect to educational practice, be it in different ways, educational neuroscience as neurosciences does not have this goal or possibility.     

美国俚语的产生及其社会功能探析

俚语是相当特殊的言语形式,它既有别于语法不规范的用语,又不同于乡下用语,更不是亵渎言语。尽管传统的观念认为俚语与正式场合下使用“体面”标准方言形式相去甚远,但在日常生活的交际中爱用俚语不乏其人,现代美国俚语得到了很好的发展。各种亚文化群体的存在是它产生的主要条件,它反映美国社会生活的方方面面。而今俚语的“创造和消费”日益风行,其社会功能愈来愈重要．     

教师成为后进学生重要他人的关键途径

每个人的一生中总是存在着一些对自己影响特别大的具体个人,这一类人被称为"重要他人"。作为教师,如果能够成为学生的重要他人,那么学校将能更好的开展教育教学活动,文章主要通过三个典型情境来初步探索高等职业院校教师成为后进学生重要他人的关键途径。     

民办高校大学生性别角色与社会适应关系研究简

对福建省民办高校大学生的性别角色与社会适应水平的关系进行研究,结果发现不同的性别角色导致大学生的社会适应能力表现出显著差异。在四种性别角色类型中,男性化和双性化的社会适应能力比女性化和未分化更高,而社会适应能力最好的性别角色是男性化,其次为双性化,未分化的社会适应能力一般,而女性化的社会适应能力最差。这一结果和前期大部分研究支持双性化是理想型性别角色的观点稍有不同。福建省三所民办高校大学生中普遍表现出社会适应性一般。     

教师职业的角色期望与教师素质的自我提高

社会、学校和学生对教师都有着不同的角色期望.优秀教师在教学作中应该更新自己的教育观念,提高自己的教学技能,完善自己的教学行为,从而成为一名优秀的教育工作者.     

Perceptions of Sex Roles: The Influences of Client Gender and Student-Counselor Attitudes

The author asked student counselors to predict sex-role behaviors of a hypothetical female or male client experiencing academic and personal difficulties. In general, student-counselor attitudes (liberal or moderate) toward sex roles influenced their predictions of client behavior in work and education roles but not in family roles. The sex of the client also influenced their judgements. The author discusses the implications of these findings for future research and for training programs to reduce sex bias in counseling.     

社会性别问题的实质及其意义

在当前科技进步与人文精神的发展中间,有一个突出的问题,就是社会性别的问题.现代科技凸显了人们的社会认同.而社会认同中间包含着人类认同,包含着国度认同,包含着文化认同,当然也包含着性别认同.性别认同在当代已经成为一个非常突出的问题.我自己对于社会性别问题并没有专门的研究,但作为一个哲学工作者,不可回避地会遇到性别的问题;作为一个人,在生活中间也会遇到性别的问题;作为一个教师,面对自己的不同性别的学生;作为一个大学的管理者,在分管学生工作的过程中间,也了解到当代大学生他们在性别的认同和性别的社会角色扮演和性别的社会发展方面有诸多的困惑.凭借着这些感性的认识和一般学术背景,我斗胆做一个发言,以"社会性别问题的实质及其意义"为题,谈一下我对社会性别问题几个非常不成熟的看法,向大家讨教.     

Gender Roles at Home and School

Parents of 116 first‐year pupils at an urban comprehensive school were studied by questionnaire and interview. They were asked about their educational and occupational aspirations for their children, their views on sexual equality and their children's out‐of‐school activities. Educational aspirations were found to be high, with little differentiation between the sexes. Parents were enthusiastic about their daughters studying physical science and neutral about craft subjects. Occupational aspirations were also high and although they tended to be sex‐stereotyped, parents were found to be generally supportive of non‐traditional choices. Class differences were few. Most parents were in favour of working mothers, equal pay and men helping with housework. However these egalitarian attitudes coexisted with more traditional assumptions about male breadwinners and a woman's main responsibility being to her children. Parents’ own domestic labour and that which they required of their children was strongly sex‐stereotyped. The messages which children receive about gender from their homes are contradictory, but not as uniformly traditional as many teachers assume.