激发频率对纳米晶硅薄膜晶化特性的影响

为制备高质量的纳米晶硅薄膜,采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法,以硅烷、高纯氢为源气体,氢稀释率保持在98％,衬底温度200℃,反应气压100 Pa,沉积时间60 min,在射频频率分别为13.56、54.24 MHz下合成了纳米晶硅薄膜.利用Raman光谱和X射线衍射技术分析了样品,结果表明,高激发频率可促进薄膜从非晶硅到纳米晶硅的转化,有利于提高薄膜的晶化率,且晶粒具有各种晶体取向,没有出现择优生长.当激发频率从13.56 MHz升高到54.24 MHz时,晶化率相应从9％提高到72％.     

生长温度对Si衬底ZnO薄膜结构的影响

通过脉冲激光沉积方法在1.3Pa氧氛围,100-500℃衬底温度,Si(111)衬底上成功地制备了ZnO薄膜,我们用X射线衍射(XRD)谱,原子力显微镜(AFM),透射电镜(TEM)对其表面形貌和结构进行了测试和分析。通过测试分析得知,这些ZnO薄膜在生长温度400℃时能够获得较好的晶体结构,薄膜表面平整,晶粒均匀。     

Zn_(0.85)Co_(0.14)Cu_(0.01)O薄膜的制备及其微结构

用电子束蒸镀方法在250℃~450℃的衬底温度范围内在单晶Si衬底(111)晶面上成功生长了Zn0.85Co0.14Cu0.01O薄膜,并研究了衬底温度对薄膜质量的影响,结果表明:当衬底温度为400℃时,外延膜取向性最好,且其(002)衍射峰半高宽最窄,仅为0.408°。     

温度对Mn掺杂ZnO薄膜结构的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在不同衬底温度下沉积了一系列ZnO和ZnO∶ Mn薄膜.结合X射线衍射谱和扫描电子显微镜,分析了不同温度条件下的ZnO和ZnO∶ Mn薄膜的结构特性.结果显示:ZnO和ZnO∶Mn薄膜均呈现出显著的(002)定向生长特征,与ZnO的(002)衍射峰相比,相应条件下生长的ZnO∶ Mn(002)衍射峰均向小角度偏移,这主要是由于大离子半径的Mn2+替代了Zn2+的结果.同时随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜形貌得到明显改善,晶粒尺寸呈现减小趋势.     

ZnO.85 Co0.14 Cu0.01O薄膜的制备及其微结构

用电子束蒸镀方法在250℃～450℃的衬底温度范围内在单晶Si村底(111)晶面上成功生长了Zn0.85 Co0.14 Cu0.01O薄膜,并研究了衬底温度对薄膜质量的影响,结果表明:当衬底温度为400℃时,外延膜取向性最好,且其(002)衍射峰半高宽最窄,仅为0.408°.     

光学发射谱在硫掺杂金刚石薄膜制备中的应用

利用辉光等离子体辅助热丝化学气相沉积法,制备硫掺杂n型金刚石薄膜,利用光学发射谱技术对其生长环境进行原位诊断,分析合成机理及生长的最佳条件。结果表明,合成金刚石薄膜的合成反应区中主要粒子为CH、CH+、活性H原子,提高工作气压和硫碳配比浓度有利于提高硫掺杂浓度,在低温条件下合成了高品质的硫掺杂n型金刚石薄膜。     

脉冲激光沉积法在多孔硅衬底上制备ZnS薄膜

用电化学阳极氧化法制备了一定孔隙率的多孔硅样品,然后用脉冲激光沉积法以PS为衬底生长一层ZnS薄膜.用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和荧光分光光度计分别表征了ZnS薄膜的结构、形貌和ZnS/PS复合膜的光致发光性质.XRD结果表明,制备的ZnS薄膜沿β-ZnS(111)方向择优生长,结晶质量良好,但衍射峰的半峰全宽较大;SEM图像显示,ZnS薄膜表面出现一些凹坑,这是衬底PS的表面粗糙所致.室温下的光致发光谱表明,沉积ZnS薄膜后,PS的发光峰蓝移.把ZnS的蓝绿光与PS的橙红光叠加,在可见光区450~700 nm形成了一个较宽的光致发光谱带,ZnS/PS复合膜呈现较强的白光发射.     

金刚石薄膜的制备和结构分析

金刚石薄膜的制备与热丝温度、衬底温度、工作室压强及反应气体浓度有关,氢原子具有抑制石墨生长的作用,衬底的表面处理对金刚石薄膜的生长有很大影响。本文还试图用晶体生长和相变理论解释金刚石薄膜的生长过程。     

基于Ge插入层优化Al诱导结晶生长多晶Ge薄膜的研究

在低温条件下利用Al诱导结晶在绝缘衬底上生长高晶体质量的多晶Ge薄膜.使用厚度为1~10 nm的Ge插入层可以改善多晶Ge薄膜的生长条件,Ge插入层放置在Al层的下方.使用Ge插入层的目的是提高Ge原子在Al层中的超饱和浓度.Ge插入层可以在275°C的低温下产生Al诱导结晶.Ge插入层可以导致较高的成核率,厚度大于3 nm的Ge插入层可以产生大量的Ge晶体小颗粒,厚度为1 nm的Ge插入层可以促使多晶Ge薄膜快速生长,并产生直径为100μm的Ge晶体大颗粒.从电子背散射衍射(EBSD)测量中可知,Al诱导结晶生长的多晶Ge薄膜具有良好的(111)晶向.     

溅射功率对掺镁氧化锌薄膜结构及厚度的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备掺镁氧化锌薄膜,利用SEM(扫描电镜)、XRD(X射线衍射)和椭偏仪等设备研究薄膜的表面形貌、成分、结构和厚度.结果表明,溅射功率没有对薄膜的生长方向产生较大影响,当溅射功率在40 W到100 W之间变化时,随着溅射功率的增大薄膜的结晶状况变好,晶粒尺寸变大,薄膜的厚度增加.     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Social and Cultural Influence on Word Meaning

Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.