Technology in Support of Collaborative Learning

This paper reviews the research conducted in the last 20 years on the application of technology in support of collaborative learning in higher education. The review focuses primarily on studies that use Internet-based technologies and social interaction analysis. The review provides six sets of observations/recommendations regarding methodology, empirical evidence, and research gaps and issues that may help focus future research in this emerging field of study.

奥苏伯尔的有意义学习理论对教学的指导意义

奥苏伯尔的有意义学习理论是以确认学生学习的特点为前提,强调学生的认知结构和有意义学习在知识获得中的重要作用;阐明了有意义学习的实质、机制、原则和策略,澄清了长期以来对传统的讲授教学和接受学习的偏见;为课程与教学改革的理论和实践提供了充分的心理学依据,对教学具有重要的指导意义。     

有意义接受学习理论下开发学生已有知识资源初探——兼以高中思政课为例

学生已有的知识是课程资源开发中的重要内容,应在有意义接受学习理论下开发学生的已有知识资源。通过激活已有知识,发现已知与新知之间的包容关系、交叉关系、相邻关系、相斥关系等,整合与建构起知识间的意义联系,达到对新知意义的把握和理解,导致新旧知识意义的同化,形成知识的整体结构,同时实现课程资源的增值。     

运用问题解决教学策略促进学生有意义学习的初探

“问题解决”是一个被多学科领域所重视和研究的课题。教学中发现，学生在解遗传题时，习惯于运用数理逻辑推理，却容易忽视减数分裂与遗传规律的联系。根据奥苏伯尔的观点，这有悖于有意义学习的目的。为此，本研究着重探讨：通过问题解决教学策略的实施，能否促进学生对于减数分裂与遗传规律关系的理解，从而实现有意义的学习。研究结果表明，问题解决教学策略可以促进学生的有意义学习，其基本过程可以概括为：创设问题情境→拓宽问题空间→进行合作学习→完成知识迁移。     

意义接受学习中教师角色特征的转变

奥苏贝尔意义接受学习的基本观点认为,接受学习并不等于机械学习,通过合适的方法,接受学习可以朝着意义学习转化,在这个转化过程中,教师角色特征的转变起着一种基础性作用。因此,接受教育中教师的特征、教师地位和作用的转变以及教师应具备的素质等问题值得探索。     

Learning Theory and Instructional Design: Engaging the Learner in Meaningful Ways

Cognitive conceptions of human learning are discussed with regard to their implications for instructional-design theory. These cognitive conceptions of learning view learning as an active, constructive, cumulative, and goal-oriented process in which the learner plays a critical role. The nature of meaningful learning and the importance of affective and motivational - as well as cognitive - engagement are discussed. It is suggested that in order for students to learn from instruction, various psychological functions (attention, monitoring, etc.) must be engaged by either the instructional agent (e.g., teacher, textbook, etc.) or the student. One characteristic of these learning functions is that there is not a single best way to perform a given function; each may be accomplished in a number of equally appropriate and effective ways.     

有意义学习理论在英语课堂教学中的运用

本文通过对奥苏贝尔有意义学习理论的阐释与分析,指出了在素质教育下如何以奥苏贝尔有意义学习为理论基础,进行英语课堂教学改革。为此,在英语课堂教学实践活动中,教师必须做到以下几点：第一,激发与保持学生的英语学习动机和兴趣;第二,根据学生认知结构的特点组织实施英语课堂教学活动;第三,调动学生学习英语的积极性和主动性。     

网络环境下意义学习的教学设计过程分析

对“意义学习”的概念进行重新界定,并根据“意义学习”的内涵和教学设计理论,对网络环境下“意义学习”的教学设计过程进行系统分析。     

奥苏伯尔和罗杰斯意义学习理论之比较

奥苏伯尔和罗杰斯关于意义学习的理论具有丰富的内涵,并对我国当代教育产生重要的启示。但两者之间既存在着重要的区别,也有各自的优势与局限。比较和区别它们有助于我们更好地理解和吸取各自的精华,并运用在具体的教学实践中,提高教学效果。     

数学解题的有意义学习

解决数学问题的学习是寻求解决数学问题方法的一种心理活动，是一种高级形式的学习活动，数学解题学习是有意义发现学习的数学解题认识观，数学的解题认知结构由解题知识结构，思维结构和解题元认知结构组成，“理解题意和解题回顾”是数学解题有意义学习的最重要环节。     

澄清意义学习 促进融会贯通——诺瓦克意义学习的基本原理及其教学运用

诺瓦克认为每种文化都有自己的概念体系和实践框架。教育不仅要挑选那些有永恒价值的概念,而且要帮助学生掌握意义学习的原理和方法,使其获得生成和运用新知的能力。梳理意义学习的理论基础、阶段、形式、原则以及相关的课程组织、教学方法等对教学实践具有启发意义。     

奥苏伯尔的有意义学习理论对课堂教学改革的启示

简要地评述了奥苏伯尔的有意义接受学习理论，并得出了一些启示。在教学改革的今天，我们应当把传统讲授法和课件演示法相结合，实现优势互补，同时在教学中，要重视渗透元学习的教学。     

信息技术背景下的学习环境创设研究

该从环境与学习环境的概念入手，阐释了现代信息技术对学习环境的影响，进而对乔纳森的建构主义学习环境设计模型和基于Web的学习环境设计模型进行了系统的分析，并在此基础上提出了基于网络的建构主义学习环境设计。     

Learning with collaborative inquiry: a science learning environment for secondary students

When inquiry-based learning is designed for a collaborative context, the interactions that arise in the learning environment can become fairly complex. While the learning effectiveness of such learning environments has been reported in the literature, there have been fewer studies on the students’ learning processes. To address this, the article presents a study of science learning in a computer-supported learning environment called Collaborative Science Inquiry (CSI), which integrates guided inquiry principles for activity design, employs modelling and visualisation tools for promoting conceptual understanding and incorporates key computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) elements for enabling students’ collaboration. With the aim of understanding the process of students’ conceptual changes supported by the CSI learning environment as used in a secondary school, data on students’ test achievements, responses to learning tasks and peer discussions in collaboration were collected, analysed and discussed. The results of the qualitative and quantitative data analysis indicated that guided inquiry coupled with CSCL elements facilitated by the CSI system can engage students in inquiry activities and promote their conceptual understanding in a progressive way.     

Collaborative continuing professional development (CPD) for teachers in Scotland: aspirations,opportunities and barriers

This paper explores stakeholders' views on the desirability of collaborative continuing professional development (CPD) and examines potential barriers. It draws on two projects which each explore perceptions of CPD for teachers in Scotland. The data include interviews with key informants and with practising teachers as well as survey data from Year 2–6 teachers. Analysis of data reveals an aspirational view of collaborative CPD, yet some of the data also reveal a pragmatic, occupational approach to CPD where the structure of the CPD framework is seen as fixed and not conducive to collaborative endeavour. The data are analysed with reference to the triple lens framework which offers a composite framework for understanding teacher learning. The analysis is considered in relation to both the growing literature on collaborative CPD and the current policy context in Scotland, drawing out key messages of relevance to wider European and international contexts.     

以问题化学习方式构建信息技术课程教学实例

以“学科问题为基础、学生问题为起点和教师问题为引导”为原则,从课程标准及学习目标的角度,简介了设计问题化学习的方法,并以问题化学习的方式建构了一个信息技术课程教学实例。     

利用概念图进行自主学习教学设计的探讨

概念图应用、自主学习及其教学设计均是当前教育技术领域的研究热点。通过一种“教师导学→小组自主探究→学生自主绘制→小组汇总概念图→教师总结评价”的自主学习教学设计和教学实践发现：用概念图作为教学设计工具,能够较好地发挥自主学习的特征,有效实现自主学习目的,促使学生产生有意义学习。概念图工具与自主学习方法可以在教学中得到完满的结合。     

A Study of Oral English Teaching and Learning in Vocational Collegesfrom the Perspective of Constructivism

With the increasing development of China’economy and society,the communication between China and other countries is on the rise,which contribute to the increasing demands of foreign languages especially English.As a result,oral English plays an important role in English learning and it is necessary for learners to improve their oral English.While the traditional teaching models cannot meet the teaching demand now,Constructivist learning theory(CLT),a very important branch of the cognitive theory has arisen a considerable amount of interest as a new teaching method.In the paper,the author try to apply constructivist learning theory to vocational college oral English teaching in order to explore some oral English teaching models from a constructivist perspective and hopes that this paper can provide some help to apply the CLT to vocational oral English teaching.     

Determinants of Learning Outcome for Students at High School in Norway: A Constructivist Approach

A vital part of student learning is the construction of mental structures encompassing categories believed to affect learning outcome. In this study we investigate this research question through the lenses of a constructivist approach. As the first study on our research question at high school in Norway, our empirical findings make up the main contribution of this study. The data were analyzed by a grounded theory methodology. The results identify 6 dimensions of determinants of learning outcome. The dimensions: student activity, work processes and motivation to learn are manifest of the latent dimension process of learning, while the second latent dimension learning content is manifested in the 3 dimensions: correction, information from teacher and putting into context.     

Development and validation of the Self-Regulated Translation Learning Strategy Scale (SRTLSS)

Self-regulated learning (SRL) has been highlighted as a critical aspect of translation learning. However, past work in translation learning has rarely sought to synthesize translation learning strategies under a self-regulated learning paradigm. Further research would be confined by the paucity of a psychometrically sound instrument to measure learners' self-regulated translation learning strategies. This study aimed to develop a reliable and valid self-regulated translation learning strategy scale (SRTLSS). Based on relevant literature, we hypothesized a hierarchical model and generated items for the SRTLSS. Drawing on the response from 873 Chinese English majors, the validated SRTLSS had 25 items addressing five dimensions: self-control, meaning fulfillment, value and interest, text processing, and retrieving strategies. Results demonstrated the SRTLSS has good measurement validity and reliability with strong invariance across undergraduate and graduate students. The SRTLSS can be used as a complementary tool to diagnose learners' weaknesses and strengths in translation teaching and learning.