The impact of virtual technologies on knowledge-based processes: An empirical study

This study examines the organizational knowledge creation processes in two highly virtual teams involved in new product development projects in the automotive industry. Using Nonaka's model of knowledge creation, we explore how the virtualization of knowledge-based processes, i.e. the intensive exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICTs), has led to new forms of knowledge creation at both the individual and organizational levels. In contrast to previous studies that identify knowledge codification as the main contribution of ICTs, this study provides detailed micro-level evidence about the ability of virtual technologies to support the transfer and the creation of new knowledge – both explicit and tacit – and offers some implications for scholars and practitioners.     

The effects of information literacy on trust in government websites: Evidence from an online experiment

Information and communication technologies in use in government systems can bring about expected benefits only when citizens are willing and able to use such systems. Previous studies from various disciplines provided a fundamental understanding of human behavior with technology adoption that focused mainly on the technical and supply sides of this adoption. We argue that it is necessary to move away from an assumption that users form a homogeneous group under the phenomenon of the digital divide. Having conducted an online experiment, this study empirically examined the effects of personal factors, particularly the perceived information literacy, and the perceived information overload, on the user’s perceptions on the usefulness and trust in a government website. We find that the higher an individual perceives one’s information literacy, the more he or she trusts the website, and this is mediated by one’s perceived information overload (negatively) and perceived usefulness (positively). This research provides a more balanced understanding of the behavior of e-government adoption, supplemented with the details of citizen engagement factors, and specifies meaningful practical implications for successful e-government policies.     

SNS社交网络个人用户持续使用行为的影响因素研究

以SNS社交网络个人用户持续使用行为为研究对象,以信息系统持续使用理论为参考框架,整合计划行为理论,针对SNS的特点引入感知娱乐、感知信任及习惯,建立研究模型进行实证研究。研究结果表明:信息系统持续使用理论在SNS情境下有良好的适用性;主观规范和感知行为控制对用户的使用意向和实际使用行为影响显著;感知娱乐对满意度和持续使用意向影响显著;习惯对实际使用行为的影响及对持续使用意向和行为之间的调节效应显著。     

The role of digital information use on student performance and collaboration in marginal universities

Using technology to facilitate learning in universities and other higher education institutions (HEIs) has become common practice due to its ability to reduce barriers related to time and space in traditional learning environments. However, current literature mostly focuses on the use of the technology and not on the use of the information it conveys. Also, very few studies focus on technology adoption in universities and HEIs in developing countries, especially those in Africa. Thus, we propose a model that explains the changing information behaviors of students in this digital age and the effect this has on their learning outcomes. We collected questionnaire data from 303 students and analyzed the data using structural equation modelling partial least squares (SEM-PLS). We found that our proposed model explains 60.2 % of student satisfaction, 24.2 % of academic performance, 24.1 % of information sharing, and 19.8 % of their information exchange behavior. This study confirms that the use of digital information and its antecedent factors have significant effects on the college experience of students. This has several implications for information systems research and practice, especially in the design and assessment of technology use in learning environments.     

The citizen-led information practices of ICT4D in rural communities of China: A mixed-method study

Information and communication technology is regarded as a critical means of addressing rural problems of information deficiency, ineffective communication and emotional disconnection. Most studies on information and communication technology for development (ICT4D) can be categorized as a top-down development approach and are often theoretical research or case studies conducted using qualitative methods. In this study, we discuss a new phenomenon of citizen-led information practices in rural areas driven by the rural community and its citizens. By employing a mixed-method approach combining case studies and social network analysis (SNA), we explore how ICT4D can be achieved through citizen-led information practices. This study makes theoretical contributions to the study of ICT4D and information practices as well as the mixed-method approach, which deepen our understanding of the citizen-led information practices of ICT4D. This study also provides practical suggestions to the governments, enterprises, social organizations and rural communities in ICT4D practices and ICT function design.     

中国企业信息技术对供应链绩效的作用分析

 基于平衡记分卡的设计思想,构建了综合测度企业物流与供应链绩效的记分卡。记分卡涉及企业战略及组织间的协调能力、计划及执行能力、物流效率、信息技术应用能力4个方面。在此基础上,设计出了调查问卷,并在中国范围内开展了大规模的企业调研。利用调研数据,比较了国有企业、外资企业、民营企业在物流与供应链绩效各在方面上的差异。此外,构建了信息技术对供应链绩效的作用路径模型,分析了信息技术实施对物流效率的影响机制,为供应链管理提出了具有启发意义的观点。     

Online community information seeking: The queries of three communities in Southwestern Ontario

This paper presents not only mycommunityinfo.ca (MCI) as an innovative World Wide Web (WWW)-based community information (CI) site, but also how its unique approach to facilitating online CI searching on the Web reveals through empirical data how people use such information and communication technologies (ICTs) to address their everyday information needs. The geographic focus for this study is on three communities in Southwestern Ontario. MCI collects unobtrusively query data that are logged daily from its own Web site, the Web sites of three municipal governments, and one municipal agency from this region. One year’s worth of these data was supplied to determine the types of CI that are sought through Web searching. A content analysis of a large purposive sample of all of MCI’s query data reveals more specific and diverse conceptual CI needs between and within communities than those reported in other studies employing different data collection methods. As a result, using a centralized approach to online CI access via the WWW by other CI providers such as the 211 network may be a disservice to its users. Additionally, the findings demonstrate how a thorough analysis of such data may improve the informational content and overall design of municipal government Web sites. The analysis of these data also has the potential of improving current CI taxonomies.     

The impact of IT on supply chain agility and firm performance: An empirical investigation

This study investigates the impact of information technology (IT) on supply chain agility measured by the ability to sense and respond to market changes, and the impact supply chain agility has on firm performance. Data were collected from supply chain executives at 193 U.S. manufacturing firms. The results suggest that IT improves the supply chain's ability to sense market changes by improving the adequacy, accuracy, accessibility, and timeliness of the information flows among members of the supply chain. IT also increases the supply chain's ability to respond to market changes by reducing the cost, and improving the quality and timeliness of developing and executing coordinated plans to respond to market changes throughout the supply chain. Importantly, the results indicate that enhanced supply chain agility has positive impacts on the firm's sales, market share, profitability, speed to market, and customer satisfaction.     

A model for understanding collaborative information behavior in context: A study of two healthcare teams

Collaborative information behavior is an essential aspect of organizational work; however, we have very limited understanding of this behavior. Most models of information behavior focus on the individual seeker of information. In this paper, we report the results from two empirical studies that investigate aspects of collaborative information behavior in organizational settings. From these studies, we found that collaborative information behavior differs from individual information behavior with respect to how individuals interact with each other, the complexity of the information need, and the role of information technology. There are specific triggers for transitioning from individual to collaborative information behavior, including lack of domain expertise. The information retrieval technologies used affect collaborative information behavior by acting as important supporting mechanisms. From these results and prior work, we develop a model of collaborative information behavior along the axes of participant behavior, situational elements, and contextual triggers. We also present characteristics of collaborative information system including search, chat, and sharing. We discuss implications for the design of collaborative information retrieval systems and directions for future work.     

The impact of workplace information literacy on organizational innovation: An empirical study

The present study investigates the relationship between CEO’s information literacy and innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Even if information literacy’s business value has been recognized in recent literature, its impact on organizational innovation, a critical and strongly information intensive process, has never been studied before. Structural equation modeling based analysis of data collected from 184 company CEOs in Finland revealed that CEOs’ information literacy has a positive impact on the development of exploratory and exploitative innovations in SMEs. Additionally, opportunity recognition mediates the relationship between information literacy and innovation. Overall, the influence of information literacy is slightly stronger on exploitation than exploration. Nevertheless, the mutual positive effect suggests that information literacy enhances innovation ambidexterity in organizations. Based on these findings, we discuss theoretical and practical implications as well as future research opportunities in workplace information literacy research.     

不同地理位置网络对创新绩效的影响——基于国家工程技术研究中心的实证研究

本文以129家国家工程技术研究中心的数据为样本,通过2007-2010的运行数据,以网络构建的不同地理位置为视角,探讨了国内协同创新网络规模、国际协同创新网络规模以及两者之间的平衡度对创新绩效的影响。研究结果显示,国内协同创新网络规模和国际协同创新网络规模与创新绩效之间的关系均呈现"倒U型"结构;同时,地理位置网络平衡度对创新绩效存在显著地正向影响。本文通过国内和国际不同的协同创新网络刻画组织间的多元关系及其对创新绩效的影响,并首次验证了地理位置网络平衡度对创新绩效的正向作用。这为协同创新提供了不同的视角,也为企业如何构建协同创新网络提供了指导。     

云计算影响企业绩效的作用机理——基于运营敏捷性视角的实证研究

基于IT基础设施能力理论,认为云计算应用可以使企业产生新的调度和部署IT资源的能力——"云基础设施能力",并将其划分为灵活能力和整合能力两个维度,通过促进企业的运营敏捷性来提高企业绩效。利用使用国内知名云服务阿里云的184份企业调研数据,采用偏最小二乘(PLS)结构方程模型进行实证分析。结果表明,云基础设施能力通过促进运营敏捷性来提高企业绩效,且市场动态性越大,云基础设施能力对运营敏捷的影响关系越强。     

The impact of trust and changes in trust: A national comparison of individual adoptions of information and communication technologies and related phenomenon

Trust has been shown to play an important role in the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) on an individual and firm level, but has received relatively little attention on a national level. In this paper we examine the impact of generalized trust, as measured by the World Value Survey, on the adoption of ICT products and related phenomena (e.g., such issues as Telecommuting and services such as E-Government Readiness), at a national level, while controlling for a nation's wealth. Because national trust levels having changed over time, we also examine how the rate of change in trust has impacted the adoption of ICT and ICT related phenomenon. Our findings provide strong empirical support for the argument that trust impacts national level adoption. The results are robust as we consider multiple variables and data sources. We also show that changes in trust rates are generally associated with corresponding changes in ICT adoptions.     

交易费用、政府行为和模式比较:中国土地承包经营权流转实证研究

文章将我国土地承包经营权流转概括为M、M-、S+和S四种主要模式,并构造了交易费用函数,计算出四种模式中农户、用地主体的交易费用.文章进一步比较了四种模式中的政府主体行为,及其与农户、用地主体交易费用的关系,结论是政府主体行为对农户、用地主体交易费用有直接影响.文章最后提出了降低农户与用地主体交易费用的建议措施.     

公司创业精神对创业绩效的影响路径——基于珠三角公司的实证研究

虽然很多学者相信机会识别和资源整合在公司创业精神和绩效之间起了中介作用,但了解"如何发生作用"的知识却十分缺乏。基于235家珠三角公司实证研究并辅以案例分析,得出如下结论:(1)渐进式公司创业精神对机会识别和资源整合的促进作用,在成长型市场和东方文化的情境下影响强度更大;(2)激进式公司创业精神对机会识别和资源整合的促进作用,在成熟与竞争市场和西方文化的情境下影响强度更大。研究结论丰富了公司创业精神和绩效关系的相关理论,对公司创业实践,尤其是中国公司施行创业精神的实践具有指导意义。     

Exploring the impact of online social participation on loneliness in older adults: Evidence from The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

As individuals age, mental and physical impairment can emerge and impact their well-being. Previous research on social participation in older adults has typically focused on specific activities or failed to distinguish between different forms of participation. In contrast, we propose that social participation is a resource optimization process for older adults, where various forms of participation must be optimized in order to improve well-being outcomes. Drawing on Selective Optimization with Compensation theory, we develop hypotheses on how older adults with cognitive decline select and optimize their social participation profile and how multiple modes of participation synergistically affect their perceived loneliness. Using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), we test a polynomial model and find that online social participation has a U-shaped effect on loneliness, while personal-oriented offline social participation mitigates this effect. We also find that the impact of social participation modes varies considerably between younger and older groups. Our findings suggest implications for the design of integrative aging support programs and the use of ICT to promote mental well-being in different stages of advanced age.     

专利获取战略对企业绩效的影响——申请和维持决策的整合视角

已有关于专利获取和企业绩效的研究,通常关注专利申请量等静态指标对企业绩效的影响。实践中,专利获取是申请和维持两个关键决策共同决定的动态战略过程,企业间的差异不仅体现在申请量等规模指标上,更表现于其申请和放弃的速率等动态特征。因此,有必要从动态视角全面考察专利获取战略的影响。本研究首先试图从申请和放弃的激进程度反映专利获取战略的动态性,同时通过二者的交互作用识别其对绩效的共同影响,最后识别了不同获取战略的适用情境。基于1992—2017年1983家上市公司数据的实证结果指出：(1)积极的专利申请率对绩效有正向影响。(2)与预期不一致的是,同时激进地申请和放弃专利并不一定导致差的绩效。(3)仅在特定情境下二者对绩效才有负向的交互作用,这些情境包括企业进行战略变革,或组织冗余较低;在技术多元化的企业中,同时激进的申请和放弃甚至更有利于提升绩效。     

垃圾分类信息干预对农村居民环保行为的溢出效应——来自太湖流域的经验证据

为有效提升农村居民实施环保行为的自觉性与积极性,有必要识别各种可能影响其行为决策的潜在因素。本文基于太湖流域547户农村居民的数据,通过随机对照试验法、DID模型与KHB模型分析了垃圾分类的信息干预对农村居民环保行为的溢出效应,并分析了环境关注度在其中的中介作用。结果显示：①健康、环境和技术3种信息干预均在一定程度上提高了农村居民环保行为的参与水平;②相比于环境信息、技术信息,农村居民对健康信息更为敏感,他们对环境关注的实质,在于环境的好坏对其自身健康的潜在影响,所以健康信息能够调动他们参与生态环境保护的主动性与自觉性;③环境关注度是影响健康信息正向溢出的一种重要心理机制。在健康信息干预对农村居民环保行为参与水平的溢出效应中,居民的环境关注度具有中介作用,但并未发现环境关注度在环境和技术信息干预中的影响。因此,建议建立起中国在垃圾分类治理与其他环保领域（如节能减排等）的联动治理机制,在农村人居环境的治理中,要更为聚焦农村居民的价值诉求,开展针对性的、及时性的信息干预,切实增强农村居民对环境保护的认同感与自觉性,深入推进农村居民环保理念的树立、环保意识的强化。     

科技创新平台产学研合作对企业双元创新绩效的影响：基于广东省工程技术中心动态评估数据的研究

以广东省企业类工程技术研究中心为对象,探讨研究中心产学研合作的广度与深度对企业双元创新绩效的影响,并分析了吸收能力在其中的调节作用。研究结果表明,产学研合作广度对利用式创新和探索式创新均具有显著的促进作用,产学研合作深度对探索式创新具有显著的促进作用,但是对利用式创新的影响不显著;同时,吸收能力抑制产学研合作广度对探索式创新的促进作用,但强化产学研合作深度对双元创新绩效的促进作用。     

黄河流域数字经济对高质量发展的影响——来自城市异质性的经验证据

黄河流域高质量发展是新时代下重大的国家发展战略,作为新型经济形态的数字经济能否助推黄河流域实现经济高质量发展是有待探究的重要议题。鉴于此,运用内生增长数理模型厘清数字经济作用于高质量发展的机理,并构建流域内城市的数字经济指数和水资源约束下的高质量发展指数,基于2011—2018年流域内沿线城市的面板数据,实证检验数字经济对高质量发展的提升作用及传导路径。结果表明：①全流域内数字经济能够显著提升高质量发展水平,非资源型城市的提升效果相较资源型城市更佳。②数字经济的高质量发展效应具有边际报酬后发递增优势,上游、中游城市相较于下游城市更为显著。③数字经济的作用效果随着城市规模的扩大呈现“倒U型”特征,中等城市是未来发展数字经济的重点所在。④产业结构高度化、技术创新、技术效率是数字经济推动高质量发展的关键传导路径,产业结构合理化则是重要的潜在作用渠道,分维度的互联网发展和普惠金融呈现一致的趋同效应。本文的政策启示是：要充分认识城市性质、城市区位以及城市规模的差异化影响,因地制宜强化数字经济的高质量发展红利效应;顺应新一轮科技革命发展浪潮,助推产业结构升级与技术进步,为黄河流域未来实现高质量发展提供重要支撑。