The relationship between the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III scales and subtests with gifted children

Each year thousands of children are evaluated or reevaluated utilizing the current edition of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale to determine their eligibility for gifted programs. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (1991) is new enough that only limited research is available on how it compares to the previously used Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (1974). The purpose of this study was to determine the comparability between the previously dominant intelligence scale, the WISC-R, and the revised WISC-III with gifted children. The results of this study indicate that the latest revision (WISC-III) and the earlier version (WISC-R) produce remarkably similar scale and subtest scores when administered under clinical conditions to gifted children. All 51 children determined eligible through the administration of one of these two Wechsler tests would have been eligible for services had the other test been administered. The Verbal and Performance scale IQ scores were within two points of each other across the two test administrations, while only a one-point difference existed between the Full Scale IQ scores. The Arithmetic, Comprehension, and Object Assembly subtest scores were in high agreement across the two administrations (p<.01). The level of agreement between some subtests across the two administrations suggests that clinical judgment is just as important as scores in considering who is eligible for gifted programs.     

Relationships between scores on Stanford-Binet IV and Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence

A kindergarten class of 9 boys and 11 girls took the 1986 Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale (Fourth Edition) and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Of 6 correlations of total scores and subtest pairs, only the correlation of total scores was statistically significant (p<.01).     

Emotional intelligence, personality traits and career decision difficulties

This study aims to take an in-depth look at the role of emotional intelligence and personality traits in relation to career decision difficulties. The Italian version of the Career Decision Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ), the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory: Short (Bar-On EQ-i: S), and the Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ) were administered to 296 interns of the tertiary sector. The emotional intelligence dimensions add a significant percentage of incremental variance compared to variances due to personality traits with respect to career decision difficulties. The results highlight the role of emotional intelligence and its relationship with career decision difficulties.     

The development of intrapersonal intelligence in pupils experiencing social,emotional and behavioural difficulties

This article draws from an evaluative case study of a group work approach – Support Groups – designed by the author to support pupils perceived as having Social and Emotional Behavioural Difficulties within a Secondary school situated in an area of multiple deprivation in Scotland. The study, which is principally qualitative, draws from the accounts of 69 pupils who participated within the intervention during its first four years of inception and from a range of stakeholder accounts – parents, Support Group Leaders, class teachers and senior managers. The intervention focused upon collaborative, discussion-based activities designed to foster reflection, understanding and thinking skills. The study utilises data drawn from attendance, attainment and discipline statistics, comparing the Support Group population to wider comparator groups, in addition to questionnaires (open and closed), scheduled interviews and focus group discussion. This article focuses specifically upon the extent to which pupils developed intrapersonal intelligence. The findings indicate that the majority of pupils had, to at least an extent, developed greater understanding of their behaviour and that these outcomes were still in evidence up to two years after intervention.     

Concurrent validity of the Slosson full‐range intelligence test: Comparison with the Wechsler intelligence scale for children–third edition and the Woodcock Johnson tests of achievement–revised

This study examined the concurrent validity of the Slosson Full‐Range Intelligence Test (S‐FRIT) by comparing S‐FRIT scores to the scores of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Third Edition (WISC‐III) and the Woodcock‐Johnson Tests of Achievement–Revised (WJ‐R). Data from 123 elementary students' screening and psychological testing results were examined. Results revealed that the S‐FRIT scores were more related to overall intelligence, verbal, and math abilities than nonverbal intelligence, reading, or written language abilities. Further, it was found that 89% of the participants' S‐FRIT Full‐Range IQ scores fell within one standard deviation of their WISC‐III FSIQ scores, with an average discrepancy of 7.6 points. Discrepancies between S‐FRIT and WISC‐III scores were also examined by educational diagnostic categories and ability levels. Limitations and suggestions for future research are provided. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Validity and Automad Scoring: It's Not Only the Scoring

What are the validity issues involved in automated scoring of tests? What is the nature of the interplay among construct definition, task design, examinee interface, tutorial, test development tools, and automated scoring and reporting?     

Item analysis of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised

Indices of item diffculty and item discrimination were analyzed for the items comprising the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised as obtained from a group of 142 subjects with Full Scale IQs below 96. Item validities were estimated by computing the biserial correlation between dichotomized item responses and the total weight score. Kendall's tau was computed for each item. The item difficulties for each subtest except Information and Vocabulary are roughly in the same rank order as those obtained by the stadardization group. Evidence from the study indicates that the increase in the number of items on the WISC-R helped to increase its internal Validity. Analysis of the data ragarding the internal consistency of the test indicates that the majority of the items operate as significant discriminators. Changes in the order of that administration and /or revision of the record form would not seem warranted on the basis of the present study.     

高考英语书面表达评分标准的问题与建议

随着新课程改革的不断深入,教学理念逐步更新,学生的英语水平也在逐渐提高,但沿用多年的高考英语书面表达的评分标准并没有与时俱进,已经不能完全适应英语教学改革的要求。笔者认为,与《课程标准》相对照,它存在对学生的书面表达能力要求偏低的问题;与托福等考试的写作评分标准相比较,其整体评分方式不确定度相对较大,分项式描述不尽合理。针对上述问题,本文提出了"改良的整体评分法"的建议。     

主观题评分标准研究

本文以2006年上海市高考政治学科论述题评分标准为例,从三个方面研究如何评价主观题评分标准的优劣,即每个评分项是否具有相对独立性;根据若干评分项的结果是否能够推测出考生的综合论述的能力;每个评分项等第划分是否合理。因子分析表明该主观题四个评分项具有单维性,一个因子可以解释为考生的综合论述能力。相关分析表明四个评分项均具有相对独立性,对推测考生的综合论述能力起到了彼此独立的作用。Rasch评分量表模型分析显示,各评分项等级划分基本合理,但个别等级出现信息量不足,在此基础上,提出了改进评分标准的若干建议。     

韦氏智力测验的性能分析

智力测验,又称一般能力测验或普通能力测验。自从1905年由法国医生比奈(A·Binet)和西蒙(T·Simon)编制成最早的智力测验工具——《比奈—西蒙智力测验量表》以来,经多次修订,特别是经美国心理学家推孟(L·M·Terman)等修订后,更     

Examining Rater Effects on the Classroom Assessment Scoring System

The Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS; Pianta et al., 2008) is a popular measure of teacher–child interactions. Despite its prominence, CLASS scores have fairly weak relations with various child outcomes (e.g., Zaslow et al., 2010). One potential reason for these findings could be systematic differences in observer severity. As such, the purpose of this study was to explore the scope and impact of rater effects on CLASS scores with a sample of 77 teachers who were rated by 13 observers. Results indicated significant rater effects across all three CLASS domains. Adjusting for these effects, however, did not improve relations between CLASS scores and child outcomes. Implications for the CLASS and related assessments are discussed.     

日语容易混淆的发音难点浅探

在日语教学较为普及的今天,语音教学仍然没有得到足够的重视,而语音学习是语言学习的第一步。由于日语和汉语语音体系不同,日语中有些发音对中国日语学习者来说格外困难。在日语学习的初级阶段,容易混淆的往往是＂が行＂鼻浊音和＂な行＂音、＂し＂和＂ひ＂的发音、＂す＂和＂つ＂的发音等等,本文拟对这些发音难点进行分析,并就如何正确区分掌握等问题展开讨论。     

Comparison of bilingual children on the WISC-R and the Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler Para Ninos

A comparison was made of bilingual Puerto Rican students' scores on the WISC-R and the Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler Para Ninos to see whether there were any differences in scores based on the language in which they were tested. These children were determined to be equally proficient in English and Spanish, based on scores from the Dailey Language Facility Test. There were no significant differences between the Full Scale and the Verbal Scale scores on both tests, but significant differences were found between the Verbal and Performance Scale scores on both tests. Caution in testing bilingual children before determination of bilinguality, as well as further research into development of intelligence tests for individual culture groups, is recommended.     

基于神经网络的个人信用评分模型研究

在国际上,个人信用评分是个人信贷风险防范的重要环节,而中国目前还没有制定出一套规范的个人信用评分指标体系和方法。本研究利用真实的个人消费信贷数据,选择适合的字段作为指标变量并进行归一化处理,结合个人信用评分的特点,选择BP神经网络算法建立了个人信用评分模型。实证研究表明：该模型预测精确度较高,具有较强的判别预测能力,但稳健性却不是很理想;适用于样本分布不断变化或数据结构不太清楚的情况,但却存在过度拟合的问题。     

The utility of the Kaufman assessment battery for children (K-ABC) and the wechsler intelligence scales for linguistically different children: Clinical considerations

Little literature addresses the difficulty of conducting an unbiased assessment of youngsters whose second language is English but who are conversational in English and no longer qualify for English as a Second Language services. Academic difficulty frequently persists, although the children appear functional in English. The use of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) is discussed in relation to the Wechsler Intelligence Scale as a second measure of cognitive ability for youngsters of various linguistic backgrounds. In the cases presented, the use of the K-ABC illustrated that the youngsters had higher cognitive ability than was measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R), which in turn guided educational decisions. Additionally, the utility of the K-ABC for assessing youngsters from linguistic backgrounds that may not be adequately represented in the norm sample is suggested. Implications for school psychology practice are discussed.     

Perspectives on dealing with reading difficulties

ABSTRACT

Learning to read is an expectation rather than an exception in society today. Despite this, some children experience reading difficulties. The purpose of this article is to review recent and seminal research on reading difficulties through the lenses of three perspectives: cognitive, social and cultural and interactive. The three perspectives are reviewed and the contribution they make to our understandings of how to support children with reading difficulties are considered. The implication of these perspectives on instruction is explored by examining one contentious contemporary debate in the field of reading instruction; choice of texts to support reading development. To conclude, an argument for a more holistic approach to reading difficulties is provided with reference to two contemporary assessment tools.     

学困者“无效”信息的结构与再学习研究

无效信息是教学信息在学困者学习系统中通达性不足的产物,一直是学习科学研究中忽略的部分。提高学习能力和课程通达性固然能降低无效信息存量,但无效信息的合理利用也能使学困者提升学业水平。当学困者年龄增长和学习能力提升后,反过来学习过去的课本会带来知识存量和学习能力共同提升。