Women Library Users and Library Users of Traditional Women's Subjects

In the studies of general library use, women use libraries more than men. When use studies of particular subjects are done, women nearly always are more likely to use libraries for information on that subject than men. Yet there are few studies on women's information needs or use studies of traditional women's subjects. When women's subjects are written about in the library literature, the articles are nearly always on collection development, not on information needs. Information on women's subjects is primarily requested in public libraries and is not considered worthy of scholarly concern. Five specific categories of women's subjects: traditional women's subjects like needlework, practical information for the home, information related to a change in life like returning to school or to work, information on women's health issues, and information about parenting are reviewed. Current trends in commercial electronic information systems and telecommunications technology make the issue of information needs research and analysis urgent.     

美国大学图书馆妇女发展现状分析

以美国图书馆行业最近几年的统计数字及其妇女研究专家MartaMestrovicDeyrup的调查数据为依据,展示并分析了美国大学图书馆行业妇女在经济同等性、领导的职位、领导风格等发展现状,结果表明:妇女与男同事几乎在各个方面差别较小。可以说美国大学图书馆的妇女现状已完成了自己的女权使命,但同时她们在新形势下又面临着新的挑战。     

A Review of: “Encyclopedia of Infectious Diseases: Modern Methodologies. Tibayrenc,Michel, ed.”

ABSTRACT

Hospital libraries serving military bases offer a different perspective on library services. Two libraries located on islands in the Pacific Ocean provide services to active duty service men and women, including those deployed to other regions of the world. In addition, these hospital libraries serve service members’ families living on the base, and often citizens from the surrounding communities.     

Let’s Talk About Men: Some Suggestions on How We Can Include Men in Conversations About Gender Roles in Librarianship

Nine years ago, I did not imagine listing gender issues as one of my core research interests. Now I cannot imagine my research revolving around anything else. The way I study gender though, has taken a rather startling turn away from women to focus (sometimes uncomfortably) on men. What follows is an argument about why studying men and masculinities can make us better librarians. I argue that studying men broadly is important, and librarians should explore methods and strategies for studying a specific type of men: well-educated, white men with established careers in libraries. While my narrative is highly personal, it is based on 9 years of research and reflection about how librarians discuss gender and professional identity.     

Cost-Effectiveness of Consolidated County Library Systems in Midwestern Cities

This study examines the cost-effectiveness of consolidated county libraries in large metropolitan areas of the Midwest and compares it with the cost-effectiveness of large city libraries which share service to the county with other large public library systems in the area. The hypothesis that consolidated county library systems serve a large metropolitan area more economically than two or more large public libraries within a county is tested. The survey method is used to collect population, budget, and circulation statistics from 19 libraries in Midwestern cities of 100,000 or more. The data are analyzed for cost-effectiveness using a one tailed T-test to compare the means of county versus noncounty. The results of this study demonstrate a significant difference between the Cost per Item Circulated and the Per Capita Circulation from county to non-county libraries. It costs the county libraries less to circulate one item and they also circulate more items for each person in the population they serve. These results have implications for future decisions of libraries considering merger of several libraries into a consolidated system.     

Telling lives in medicine: the impact of biography collections in medical education

This article briefly discusses the value and impact of biography collections in medical education by illustrating the case of the Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome (UCBM) Library. The UCBM Library collects, curates, and provides access to a special biography collection with the purpose of documenting the history of men and women who contributed in the field of medicine and related sciences. This article highlights the importance of academic medical libraries collecting biographical works in order to transmit knowledge and values in medical school curriculum.     

The productivity of main services of city libraries: Using the example from the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic

The evaluation of productivity of main services of city libraries using the example of 48 large public libraries and 44 small public libraries from the Czech and the Slovak Republic was performed according to the decomposition of the input-oriented Malmquist index (MI). The results of MI achieved are evaluated using a confidence interval and the bootstrap method. The productivity of main services of public libraries was studied for the year 2016 in comparison with the year 2012. On average, small as well as large libraries exhibit a statistically significant decline in productivity. The average value of the MI of small libraries is 1.29. The average value of the MI of large libraries is 1.16. The deterioration of productivity was caused by lower efficiency of the inputs. The small as well as the large libraries on average exhibit a comparable level of productivity in both studied years. This conclusion is the same for the Czech and for the Slovak libraries as well as for all libraries together. The Czech libraries, when compared with the Slovak ones, achieve better results in terms of productivity. The higher productivity of the Czech libraries in comparison with the Slovak ones is caused by the improvement of efficiency of the inputs, not by the technological changes.     

论我国21世纪图书馆“两极”发展

图书馆的“两极”发展 ,是指尚处于弱势状态的乡镇农村图书馆 (室 )和目前处于较强势状态的大中城市图书馆的同步发展。“两极”发展是发挥图书馆职能和社会发展的需要 ,是符合我国目前图书馆事业所处的基本环境的。实施“两极”发展 ,首先要有一个权威性的指导、协调机构 ,要有图书馆法的保障 ,要精心筹划 ,协调发展。参考文献 14。     

The Role of Public Libraries in Community Building

King County in Washington State is home to two large urban library systems, King County Library (KCLS) and Seattle Public Library (SPL). KCLS and SPL are effectively building community through their library service. Professionals in the fields of library and information science, public libraries, and community development discuss these successes and the ways that public libraries can build a strong community. Five facets of community building are explored: (1) how libraries serve as a conduit to access information and to learn, (2) how libraries encourage social inclusion and equity, (3) how libraries foster civic engagement, (4) how libraries create a bridge to resources and community involvement, and (5) how libraries promote economic vitality within the community.     

Trends in mobile and outreach services

ABSTRACT

This paper reports on results of a questionnaire distributed to North American public libraries to determine what types of services they are providing to populations experiencing barriers to using bricks-and-mortar branches. The results indicate that many are offering homebound delivery and that bookmobiles remain popular, particularly in libraries serving large geographic areas. Some libraries are exploring kiosk, or vending machine style services. Lastly, new trends are emerging, notably pop-up libraries, vans, and book bikes.     

基层图书馆馆长有效领导力剖析与构建

我国图书馆事业发展不平衡,国家图书馆,省级图书馆发展较快,县级图书馆发展不如人意,有的甚至处在生死存亡的边缘。造成这种状况的原因是多方面的,复杂的,但馆长缺乏领导力是主要原因。剖析这一现象,构建和提高馆长的有效领导力显得尤为重要。     

近代以前我国女性读者权利初探

读者权利是个人发展必不可少的获取图书馆知识信息的权利,然而我国古代妇女完全被排斥在社会知识信息圈之外,从先秦到明清时期她们都无法进入各类藏书楼阅读。近代维新派大力倡导"开大书藏"和兴办女学,众多图书馆和女校的创建为女性进入图书馆阅读创造了历史契机,女性才有获得社会知识信息的权利,从而步入男性主导的图书馆这个社会公共文化场所,并享受到一定的读者权利,这无疑是不可小视的历史性进步。     

图书馆服务中的女性阅读研究

随着她阅读时代的来临,女性阅读正受到社会各界的关注。图书馆做为推广全民阅读的社会机构,关注女性阅读是图书馆的社会责任,图书馆的职业特征有助于推广女性阅读,通过推广女性阅读有助于全民阅读社会的建立。因此,图书馆服务要重视女性阅读的研究。     

Homelessness and the Ethics of Information Access

Many public libraries have rules against strong body odor, bringing large amounts of luggage into the library, sleeping, and bathing in restrooms. These rules disproportionately affect library patrons who are experiencing homelessness. This article reviews recent literature that considers legal and social justice perspectives on homelessness and libraries, as well as the policies of four urban public library systems. Although these rules may be legal and are widely used, people without homes have no other access to information and thus have an even stronger need for the resources of public libraries than other members of the general public. The author concludes that blocking their access conflicts with the mission of public libraries to provide information to all.     

论特区公共图书馆与人才培养

根据特区经济发展与人才缺乏的,论述了图书馆与人才成长的意义,在培养人才中的作用,如何为人才成长做好服务工作。文章强调读者的需要是图书馆存在的价值。特区公共图书馆为科研服务与人才培养同等重要。特别提出馆不在大,特区政府应该为读者创造更多更好的读书环境少读书场所。     

First Date Sexual Expectations: The Effects of Who Asked,Who Paid,Date Location,and Gender

This investigation examined the effects of who asked, who paid, date location, and gender on first date sexual expectations and related attitudes. Participants from a large southwestern university in the United States reported that men hold higher first date sexual expectations than women, particularly when men asked and paid for the date and the date occurred at an apartment versus the movies or restaurant. When women asked and paid for the date and the date occurred at her apartment, men hold higher rape myth acceptance beliefs than when the man asked and paid for the date or when either sex asked for the date and the partners “went dutch” on expenses. Additional sexual- and gender-related findings, discussion, and implications follow.     

On the Street: A Content Analysis of Body Imagery in Streetstyle Fashion Blogs

This study investigated whether streetstyle blogs provide an alternative to the thin-ideal found in traditional media. We analyzed images of 481 individuals from 5 streetstyle blogs. The majority of women (72%) and men (62%) were coded as below-average weight. Most women (60%) positioned themselves in accordance with Goffman’s gender-role stereotypes. Further, men were portrayed as more facially prominent than women, indicating that men are valued for their intellect whereas women are valued for their bodies. Although these Web sites have been celebrated for their use of “ordinary people,” the results suggest that they promote the same body ideals found in mainstream media