混沌粒子群算法在WSN覆盖优化中的应用

研究WSN覆盖优化方面的问题,提高无线传感网络通讯效率。针对无线传感网络节点分布不均匀或者节点失效时,WSN覆盖区域会出现重叠或者指定区域没有被覆盖,造成无线传感网络通讯效率下降的问题,提出了利用一种混沌粒子群算法,根据无线传感网络相关参数和条件建立数学模型,利用优化处理方式对其进行优化,提高了通讯效率。实验证明,利用混沌粒子群算法进行WSN覆盖优化,可以提高无线传感网络优化效率,取得了令人满意的效果。     

非密集分布下传感网络节点选择优化算法研究

提出一种混沌差分进化和动态逃逸粒子群的节点选择优化算法,通过混沌序列的均匀遍历特性和差分进化算法的高效全局搜索能力,对传感网络中的节点能量进行分类搜索,采用Logistics混沌映射对节点进行优化分区处理,将混沌扰动量融入节点能量分区过程中,获取最佳能量节点,利用动态逃逸粒子群方法,运算无线传感网络最佳能量节点的最优位置,实现网络节点覆盖优化。仿真结果说明,所提算法可增强无线传感网络最优节点的聚类性能,具有更好的无线传感器网络动态节点选择性能,并且收敛速度快,运算耗时少。     

基于Voronoi的微粒群优化的三维无线传感网络节点定位算法的研究

无线传感中的节点定位一直以来都是研究的热门,为了更好的解决三维无线传感空间中节点定位不准确的问题,本文在粒子群算法基础上引入Voronoi模型,将三维空间中的节点的定位问题归纳为目标函数的最优解,证明了Voronoi模型的赋权值边存在敏感点的定理,通过定理的应用获得了目标函数的最优解,有效解决了节点定位问题。仿真实验表明,本文的算法优于对比算法具有更好的健壮性,提高了定位精度。     

基于改进分布式算法的无线传感网络覆盖盲区检测

在传统的无线传感网络覆盖中,无线传感器节点处于一种随机部署的状态,该种状态下的随机部署不均匀,并且能量消耗比较大,最终导致无线传感网络覆盖出现盲区。本文提出了一种改进分布式算法,能够针对无线传感网络覆盖盲区进行检测,希望相关的研究能够促进无线传感网络盲区检测的发展。     

三维空间中基于改进的粒子群算法的节点定位研究

三维空间下的节点定位一直都是无线传感中的主要研究方向,粒子群算法作为常用的计算节点定位的方法存在一定的误差,本文首先在该算法的基础上引入了凸函数的惯性权值和信任度系数,前者使得粒子能够在局部范围内获得最优解,避免陷入局部最优,后者使得不同性质的粒子能够在全局范围中获得最优解,其次,分析目标定位误差函数,使用泰勒级数对其进行优化,使得定位精度得到提高。仿真实验说明本文算法在锚节点数量,节点通信半径和总节点个数等方面提高了节点定位精度,具有很好的应用前景。     

多嵌入不兼容设备的无线传感网络路由优化设计

无线传感网络通常是以无线传感节点的能量和信号传输路径的关系构建路由协议的。传统的LEACH协议没有考虑无线传感网络中存在多嵌入不兼容通信设备的问题,一旦网络中存在大量嵌入不兼容传感节点,则这些节点的属性就会偏离普通节点,将会导致无线传感网络通信性能降低。为此,提出考虑多嵌入不兼容设备的无线传感网络路由优化设计方法。在传统的LEACH路由协议的基础上进行优化设计,以传感节点剩余能量作为衡量指标选取合理的节点作为路由节点,并进行均匀布置。在信息传输的过程中,将多跳传输与单跳传输相结合,从而实现了不兼容设备下的路由协议优化。实验结果表明,利用本文算法进行路由协议构建,能够降低网络的能量消耗和信息传输的延时率,提高了通信效率。     

无线传感器网络节点三维定位技术

针对无线传感网络中的节点定位精度低的问题,提出了改进蝗虫算法在三维空间节点定位技术。首先,采用了极大似然估计法构建节点定位模型。其次,对蝗虫算法从以下3个方面改进：(1)在种群中采用伪反向学习初始化,增加了种群多样性;(2)在递减系数中使用自适应因子避免算法陷入局部最优;(3)在迭代中使用正交交叉算子进行个体筛选。最后,将改进后的蝗虫算法用于节点定位。在仿真实验中,将本文算法与蚁群算法,粒子群算法和蝗虫算法进行对比,结果说明本文算法在噪声、锚节点密、未知节点数量和能量消耗具有较好的定位效果。     

温室环境无线传感网络监控系统设计研究

室内温度控制系统地广泛应用迫切需要提高其自动化、信息化水平。无线传感网络具有成本低、功耗小、安全可靠的优点。因此,在温室环境监控中应用比较广泛。本文首先介绍了无线传感网络相关的技术,优化了节点通信协议,延长了传感网络节点的通信时间,总体设计了温室环境监控系统。     

基于修剪算法的无线传感器网络能量消耗研究

无线传感网络有大量的传感器节点组成,所以在无线传感网络中传感器节点的能量消耗是主要的能量消耗部分。基于分簇协议引起的负载不均衡现象,采用修剪技术对节点的位置、担任簇头节点的次数和剩余能量三者进行加权和分析的这种能量均衡算法,采用动态调整机制选择簇头节点。实验结果表明该算法增加传感器节点的使用时间,有效延长无线传感网络的寿命。     

基于近端残余能量激活的无线网络通讯算法研究

无线传感器网络中的传感器节点安装在一定的感知环境下,每个传感器有自己的感知范围,节点的死亡造成了网络的信号重复通信、网络发生冗余与资源浪费.为此,本文提出一种基于近端残余能量激活的无线网络通讯优化算法,将节点表示为近端寻优粒子,采用交叉遗传的方式对节点的性能多样性进行保持,将节点的残存能量作为目标函数进行优化,找到残存能量较大的最优节点进行通信.实验仿真结果证明,经过交叉遗传的PSO网络通信控制的优化后,无线传感器网络的通信性能比传统的方法有了明显提高,证明本算法具有很强的可行性与实用价值.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence