论研究型大学教师队伍的国际化

教师队伍的国际化是研究型大学发展的先决性条件。研究型大学教师队伍国际化应着重解决四个问题:一是理性认识教师队伍的国际化;二是建立与国际接轨的教师管理机制;三是加强国际化教师的引进与培养;四是切实提高教师的英语应用能力。     

美国大学教师的学术自由权利:历史的视角

美国大学教师的学术自由权利经历了学院时代与大学时代两大历史时期的发展。美国大学教师学术自由权利的争取过程,同时也是赋予学术自由权利以认识论和政治论意义的过程。历史证明,学术自由权利是保障大学教师从事知识创新与探索活动的基本权利,是保护教学与研究工作免受各种不合理干扰和限制的必要权利,是赋予大学教师适当社会地位和必要经济保障的重要权利,也是一项与学术责任相伴生的有限权利。     

全球化背景下文化发展的世界化和民族化

全球化的发展,必然会带来文化在全球范围内的大规模交流与互动,由于经济基础对文化的决定作用和文化的相对独立性,全球化背景下文化的发展既在相互吸收和借鉴中走向世界化,又在自觉和创新中彰显个性,世界化和民族化是全球化背景下文化发展的主要方向.     

Reason before passion: faculty views on internationalization in higher education

In this era of globalization, internationalization—both as an idea and an agenda—is receiving widespread attention at academic institutions across North America. Although faculty are necessarily key participants in initiatives to internationalize academia, surprisingly little work has been published that addresses the roles, responsibilities, and problems faced by the faculty on an operational level. This article has been written to provide administrators with some insight into faculty perspectives on the goals, strategies, and processes of internationalization. The authors present a case study of internationalization processes currently underway in the School of Architecture and Allied Arts at the University of Oregon. They discuss a faculty-driven approach that focused on mapping internationalization, addressing barriers to internationalization, and improving structures and systems to enhance internationalization. An in-depth critical analysis of the case leads to recommendations and a framework for navigating diverse tensions and responsibilities implicit in an internationalization imperative.

我国大学学术国际化的现状与问题述评

大学学术国际化是我国在全球发展大环境背景下的必然选择,也是大学教育自身发展的必然要求。目前我国大学学术国际化趋势明显,但对大学学术国际化过程的风险存在误解,其交流和传播还存在障碍。提高大学学术国际化水平的关键在于：要正确对待学术本土化与国际化问题;发挥好政府、学校、师生三方合力的作用;同时学校要积极组织在职教师的外语培训学习。     

深化大学英语教学改革推进黑龙江省国际化进程

我国自加入WTO以来,各领域的发展已经逐步迈向国际化舞台,英语作为国际通用语言,其普及率在一定程度上代表着一个城市的人文素养和国际化水平,甚至还直接影响了一个城市在国际舞台中扮演的角色。黑龙江省要想在国际化进程中跟随主流,就必须带动起大学英语教学的改革,使得大学英语教学在培养适应经济全球化、有国际意识和国际竞争力人才的过程中起到明显的作用。本文基于对大学英语教学改革的必要性的阐述,提出了深化大学英语教育改革的若干措施,最后详细说明了加强大学英语教育改革对推进城市国际化的重要性。     

高校教师聘任的制度设计——基于学术职业管理的研究

高校教师职业是学术职业,高校教师聘任的制度设计,要遵循学术职业的特点。在教师聘任的制度设计中,要根据学术发展的需要设置岗位;根据学术职业的特点,将"有固定期限"聘任和"无固定期限"聘任作为一种制度设计,建立学术职业"准入"制度;根据学术自由的要求,在评价考核中,采取发展性评价,改进学术评议机构,保证学术评议的独立性;根据学术平等的要求,采用集体合同与契约合同相结合的办法,依法规范教师聘用合同;根据学术公正的要求,建立一个"中立"的、组织健全的争议处理机构,协调教师之间、教师与学校之间的争端,维护教师的权益,推进学校的发展。     

Impacts of university education reform on faculty perceptions of workload

Since the corporatization of national universities, the environment surrounding Japanese universities has dramatically changed in various respects. A series of government-led attempts have intended to support the domestic colleges and universities in gaining a competitive edge by improving the quality of teaching and research as well as guaranteeing the international validity of the country's higher education system. Impacts of all the challenges that have been tackled with internal efforts in the last few years could be enormous on the personnel workload. However, little is known about the impacts of Japan's recent university education reform, particularly on the changing workload of the faculty who engage at the forefront in student teaching and advising, administrative roles as well as research activities. Using results from individual faculty interviews, this paper attempts to link the changing workload of Japanese professors with specific reasons that are rooted in the country's recent university education reform. Reviewing the effects of the reform on faculty workload provides us with important insights for the long term and guides us to prevent the derailment from the endeavour to which a significant amount of resources have been dedicated by the country.     

高校教师聘任制中的若干关系

高校教师聘任制涉及社会生活、社会文化的方方面面,牵一发而动全身,必须认识和处理好其中的若干关系。制度约束行为,思想规导制度,首先要厘清规导教师聘任制的相关理念。实施教师聘任制具有学术和效率双重目标,但学术目标是大学坚守的生命线,效率目标应为学术目标服务。由于学术职业的特殊要求,教师聘任制中要形成甄选机制,以达到优化的目的。在聘任制过程中应处理好应然和实然的关系,逐步从实然达到应然。     

我国高校学部的基本权力、分类及相关思考——基于我国学部制改革的调查研究

我国部分高水平研究型大学为促进学科间的交叉与融合以及相关院系的资源整合,积极探索"学部制"改革。按照赋予学部的职责和权力,可以将学部划分为"虚体型"、"实体型"和"实虚结合型"三类。其中虚体型学部是指仅具有跨学院的学术决策或咨询权力,而实体型学部还具有管理学院的行政权力和政治权力。由于管理重心下移和扁平化管理已成为高校内部治理的趋势,同时学部制改革可能会冲击既有的学术生态,所以需取慎重态度,如果改革是以学科和科研发展为直接目的,建议采取虚体型或实虚结合型学部。     

国际化与本土化:中国大学模式的艰难选择

在全球化局势下,中国高等教育该如何发展成为一个突出的问题。中国高等教育发展既要符合中国社会发展要求,又要与世界高等教育趋势融合,这就是\"中国大学模式\"问题核心所在。为此出现了国际化与民族化两种不同声音,而文化本体说渐渐成为一种主导学说。然而真正的难点却在于如何借鉴国外经验和该保留哪些中国特色。这一难题考验中国大学的创造性潜力,而解答这一难题的第一责任人就是大学校长。     

论大学教师聘任制改革中的科学管理

以聘任制为核心的高校人事制度改革对学校管理提出了新的要求,只有实行科学管理,才能逐步建立促进学术职业和高校共同发展的新的人事管理制度。在聘任制改革中,加强共享决策与参与管理,协调学术权力与行政权力,完善相关的规章制度,同时,进一步完善人事管理部门的职能,是改革实施成效的重要保障。     

论大学教师生活方式的特殊性

大学教师生活方式的特殊性,是知识分子角色要求的独特性、大学组织的独特性及教育工作的独特性在大学教师生活中的具体体现,是大学教师在生活价值、生活内容和生活态度等方面所具有的总体特征。它表现为日常生活的朴素性、学术生活的创新性、道德与信仰生活的自觉性和社会生活的批判性。     

关于高校师资队伍国际化建设的几点思考

高等学校师资队伍国际化是高等教育国际化的核心。国家公派出国留学规模的扩大,省际出国留学项目的相继出台,为高校加强师资队伍国际化建设提供了良好的机遇,但是高校依然存在诸如师资队伍国际化程度不高,人才流失等一系列问题。高校应当结合国家和高校发展的需求,采取一系列措施,引进和培养国际化人才,加强师资队伍国际化建设。     

Process of internationalization of business schools in Latin America: the case of EAESP/FGV,Brazil

This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of the academic internationalization process, through the main events and pathways developed over the 60 years of the EAESP/FGV, the São Paulo Business School of the Getulio Vargas Foundation (Brazil). A survey was conducted of former directors, coordinators of the main international programs and all school faculty (266 professors) about their training and international activities. EAESP/FGV has developed a diverse and consolidated international career, surpassing the activities related to teaching and student mobility. However, there are some opportunities to deepen internationalization as a strategic brand of the institution.     

中美高校教师聘任制比较分析

中美两国高校在师资队伍建设上均实行教师聘任制度,在聘任对象、聘任标准、聘任和解聘过程、聘任类型等方面,既有相同之处,又存在诸多差异。分析比较两国高校教师聘任制的各自特点,有利于我们借鉴美国高校的有益经验,从而促进我国高校教师聘任制更加完善。     

Communication in an academic context

The purpose of this qualitative case study is to investigate the most common communication problems from the views of faculty members at the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. The sample of this study consists of 50 faculty members including professors, associate professors, assistant professors, and instructors from five largest departments representing five colleges at the Middle East Technical University. The data were gathered by utilizing interview method, including 19 interview questions which were developed by the researchers. The data collected through interviews were content-analyzed including the process of identifying, coding, and categorizing the primary patterns of data. The results of this study provide evidence that faculty members perceive a number of significant communication problem areas regarding work-related communication and overall departmental communication. Furthermore, although there are some similarities among the faculty members in identifying communication problems as well as the ways of solving these communication problems, some significant differences are also observed among the departments. In addition, analysis of the data revealed that there are some similarities and differences between hard science and soft science departments in defining communication problems and possible ways of solving these communication-related problems.     

Academic inbreeding and publication activities of Russian faculty

The literature on the consequences of academic inbreeding shows ambiguous results: some papers show that inbreeding positively influences research productivity measured by the quantity and quality of publications, while others demonstrate the opposite effect. There are contradictory results both in the studies of different countries and within countries. This variety of results makes it impossible to transfer the findings from one academic system to another, and in Russia this problem has been under-explored. This paper focuses on the relationship between inbreeding and publication activity among Russian faculty. The research was conducted using data from the ‘Monitoring of Educational Markets and Organizations’ survey. The results show that there is no significant effect of academic inbreeding on publication productivity: no substantial and robust differences in publication activity between inbreds and non-inbreds have been found. The paper finishes with a discussion of possible explanations inherent in the Russian academic system.     

“特别少数”的处境：我国研究型大学外籍教师学术职业发展现状分析

在推动高等教育国际化进程中,外籍教师发挥着重要作用。本文基于易变性职业生涯理论和文化理论,对我国7所研究型大学的外籍教师和相关管理人员进行了调研。质性分析结果显示,我国研究型大学外籍教师在学术职业发展中遇到的困境主要表现为“卷不动”与“躺不平”的制度压力、“向前看”与“向后看”的时间焦虑、“官本位”与“求生存”的思维差异、“经常用”与“很难学”的语言苦恼。导致这些困境生成的因素包括基本生活保障制度缺失、绩效导向的管理制度价值预设、评价制度内隐的严格时间规划表和不断博弈的学术文化。因此,本文建议高校建设从“遇见”到“预见”的制度,构建清晰稳定的绩效评价体系,协助外籍教师寻找专业价值定位坐标系,并促进跨国学术文化融合。     

高校兼职教师管理的制度视角

Part-time faculty has become an important labor force in Chinese colleges and universities. The number of them has risen rapidly and its structure varies in different types of higher education institutes (HEIs), which results from integration of the social motivation and the inner motivation of schools’ reform. From the institutional point of view, some problems related to the management of part-time faculty members are as follows: defects of institution design, deficiency of appointment institution mechanism, unreasonable wage treatment institution and unscientific evaluation institution. The institution construction of pat-time staff includes aspects such as qualification examination, appointment, wage, reward and punishment, evaluation, professional development and so on.