Symmetric alteration of four knots of B-spline and NURBS surfaces

INTRODUCTION Modification of knots of a B-spline curve changes the shape of the curve. In some recent pub-lications (Juhász and Hoffmann, 2001; 2003; Hoff-mann and Juhász, 2004; Li and Wang, 2005), the authors studied the effect of the alteration of a single knot on the shape of the curve. Hoffmann (2004) and Li & Wang (2006) applied these theories into the constrained shape modification of B-spline and NURBS curves. Juhász (2001) and Hoffmann & Ju-hász (2005) studied the effe…     

Copyright Highway—Photocopying as Fair Use —Williams& Wilkins Co. v. United States

Fair use doctrine is easily controversial and difficult to judge,and owning to the coming of the new age,fair use doctrine becomes more troublesome.This paper will hold the balance between the right of reproduction of library and the publisher interests by approaching a case under these four elements:the requirement for the Purpose and character of the use;The nature of the copyrighted work;The amount and substantiality of the works used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole;The effect of the use upon the potential market for and value of the copyrighted work.     

Culture Differences and College English Reading

Cultural differences have a great effect on English learning,especially on college English reading.Reading is a crucial tool in acquiring information and knowledge.Culture cannot be separated from language.College English reading should focus on the differences of culture.It is important to understand how to lay stress on the differences in the course of college English teaching and learning about reading for increasing students’ ability of reading.This thesis analyzes the influence of culture on English reading and tries to set up a principle of teaching English through culture.To support my point of view,the relationship between language and culture is discussed first.Language is a part of culture and shaped by culture;it is also the carrier of culture and reflects cultural features of a community in which the language is spoken.Language and culture are closely related with each other.From the aspect of language teaching and learning,to teach a foreign language is to teach another culture;to learn a language is also to learn another culture.     

Orientalism and Heart of Darkness

Heart of Darkness was written by Joseph Conrad and published as a whole in 1902.The story begins on a British ship"the Nellie"moored on the coast of the Thames.It mainly talks about what Marlow sees and thinks when he begins his journey up to the Congo Riveres and reveals a turning process of a white colonizer called Kurts who is at the very beginning,an idealistic white colonizer trying to bring"civilization"and"progress"to the Africa but in the end falls into a greedy,cruel person.The novel,on the one hand,describes the terrible life of African peple and reveals the tyranne,greed of western colonism and stong racism;and on the other hand,it also shows readers a strong orientalism towards the Africa.So my purpose of the paper is to analyse how Orientalism is revealed in the Heart of Darkness.     

On Connection in Howards End and Mrs. Dalloway

Though the themes in Howards End and Mrs.Dalloway are many and varied,the master theme is a connection of fragments and divergences,and the powerfully drawn female characters have long been the focus in the interpretation of the theme of the novels.In this paper,tentative conclusions are drawn that connection the heroines have seemingly fulfilled in the end is problematic for its vulnerability and superficiality through a careful study of narrative techniques in the molding of Mrs.Wilcox and Mrs.Dalloway;and that such problematic connection revealed in the human relationship is,to some extent,the expression of an ambiguous stance of Forster and Woolf towards the definiteness of connection in a modern binary world.     

Kinematic characterization and optimization of vehicle front-suspension design based on ADAMS

To improve the suspension performance and steering stability of light vehicles, we built a kinematic simulation model of a whole independent double-wishbone suspension system by using ADAMS software, created random excitations of the test platforms of respectively the left and the right wheels according to actual running conditions of a vehicle, and explored the changing patterns of the kinematic characteristic parameters in the process of suspension motion. The irrationality of the suspension guiding mechanism design was pointed out through simulation and analysis, and the existent problems of the guiding mechanism were optimized and calculated. The results show that all the front-wheel alignment parameters, including the camber, the toe, the caster and the inclination, only slightly change within corresponding allowable ranges in design before and after optimization. The optimization reduces the variation of the wheel-center distance from 47.01 mm to a change of 8.28 mm within the allowable range of -10 mm to 10 mm, promising an improvement of the vehicle steering stability. The optimization also confines the front-wheel sideways slippage to a much smaller change of 2.23 mm; this helps to greatly reduce the wear of tires and assure the straight running stability of the vehicle.     

Study on the Roles of a Teacher in College English Teaching Mode Based on the Internet

With the rapid development of modern technology and all-round reform in national college English teaching,Internet-Based teaching mode has become a new trend of college English teaching.Therefore,in the new teaching mode,the teacher should turn an inculcator into an instructor,facilitator and participant in teaching;a passive user of textbook into a dominant and modeler of courses;a planner of teaching specific tasks into an organizer of teaching process,a helper and shepherd of learning knowledge.     

Analysis of 1D consolidation with non-Darcian flow described by exponent and threshold gradient

Numerous experiments have shown that the water flow in fine-grained soils can obey an exponential relationship at small gradients and a linear relationship when the hydraulic gradient exceeds a certain limit. Based on the non-Darcian flow described by exponent and threshold gradient, the theory of 1D consolidation is modified in this paper to consider a linear variation in the vertical total stress with depth and the effect of ramp loading. The numerical solutions were derived in detail by the finite difference method for excess pore water pressure and the average degree of consolidation. Finally, the influence of various parameters on consolidation behavior was investigated. The results show that the rate of consolidation is reduced when non-Darcian flow described by exponent and threshold gradient is adopted in the theory of 1D consolidation. As well the distribution of vertical total stress has a great influence on the dissipation of excess pore water pressure, either for pervious top and pervious bottom （PTPB） or for pervious top and impervious bottom （PTIB）. For the case of PTIB, the distribution of vertical total stress in a foundation has a great influence on the rate of consolidation; however, for the case of PTPB, the rate of consolidation is independent of the distribution of vertical total stress. The rate of consolidation is dependent on the ratio of the thickness of a soil layer to the equivalent head of the final average vertical total stress; the greater the value of this ratio, the slower the rate of consolidation. Finally, an increase in construction time reduces the consolidation rate of a foundation. Thus, consolidation behavior of 1D consolidation with non-Darcian flow has been thoroughly acquainted in this paper.     

成功

To laugh often and much; To win the respect of intelligent people and the affection of children; To earn the appreciation of honest critics and endure the betrayal of false friends; To appreciate beauty, To find the best in others, To leave the world a bit better,whether by a healthy child,a garden patch or a redeemed social condition; To know even one life has breathed easier because you have lived. This is to have succeeded.     

Solution of a rigid disk on saturated soil considering consolidation and rheology

INTRODUCTION An important problem in foundation engineeringis the determination of the rate of settlement of a raftfoundation placed on a deep clay layer. Gibson andMcNamee (1957), and McNamee and Gibson (1960a;1960b) considered the problem of normal uniformloading applied to the surface of a half-space andshowed that one-dimensional theory gives a markedunderestimate of the rate of settlement. This theorycorresponds to the case of a perfectly flexible footing.However, it is often…     

Reaction thrust characteristics of high-pressure submerged water jet of cylinder nozzles

The shapes and geometrical parameters of nozzles are key factors for fluidics. The relationship among the reaction thrust, flow rate pressure, diameter do and length L of a cylinder nozzle is analyzed theoretically. The simulation of the flow field characteristics was conducted via the FLUENT computational fluid dynamics package. Effects of the inlet conditions and the nozzle dimensions on the reaction thrust of a water jet were addressed particularly. The reaction thrust experiments were performed on a custom-designed test apparatus. The experimental results reveal that a） the nozzle diameter and the inlet conditions exert great influence on the water jet reaction thrust; and b） for L≤4d0, where the nozzle is treated as a thin plate-orifice, the reaction thrust is independent of nozzle length; for L〉4d0, where the nozzle is treated as a long orifice, the reaction thrust can reach maximum under the condition of a certain flow rate. These findings lay a theoretical foundation for the design of nozzles and have significant value, especially for the future development of high-oressure water-let orooulsion technology.     

From Critical Discourse Analysis to Positive Discourse Analysis

Different Scholars have different views of the definition of Discourse Analysis;it’s a research method that can be used by scholars with a variety of academic and non-academic affiliations,coming from a variety of disciplines,to answer a variety of questions.Critical Discourse Analysis is a branch of Discourse Analysis;this paper introduces its development,guidance theory and approach of it.As Positive Discourse Analysis is the extension of Critical Discourse Analysis,this paper introduces the production and main theories of it.At last,a comparison was made between them.     

A Study of Washback of CET-4 on College English Teaching and Learning

<正> This paper is a report of an empirical study of the washbaek effects of CET-4 on College Englishteaching and learning in ordinary teacher's colleges.The results of the study show that the skills,the activities andthe materials used in test preparation classes were solely consistent with those required in CET- 4;and that thenature of the impact of CET-4 on a variety of aspects of College English teaching and learning is both positive andnegative,but there are far more positive effects than negative ones,and,as a whole,the CET-4 can effectivelypromote the teaching and learning of College English.     

The Application of Semantic Relations and Denotative and Connotative Meanings in Translation Practice

Semantics,the study of meaning,is closely connected with translation,the practice of transferring meaning.The paper uses a lot of examples based on real translation practice to prove that semantics plays a very important role in translation practice.Understanding and making good use of semantic relations,including synonymy,polysemy,homonymy and antonymy,are quite important for a translator to deal with some complicated semantic problems in translation practice.The paper also discusses the concept of denotative and connotative meanings,two basic types of meaning in Semantics.Denotation means the literal meaning of a word which is given in dictionaries;and connotation,the associative and suggestive meanings of a word in its context.Be cause of cultural difference,words with the same denotations may have totally different connotations,which is why the concept of denotation and connotation plays a very important role in English/Chinese translation.In order to translate a text into another language correctly,translator must totally understand the meaning of the original word,both denotative and connotative mean ing,and be aware of the potential connotations of the word in the target language.     

It is Not Easy To Make A Choice In Our Life ——An Interpretation of the Poem The Road Not Taken By Robert Frost

Reader-Response Criticism is one of the schools of western literary criticism.The scholars of the school hold the view that literature is a performative art and each reading is a performance,analogous to playing/singing a musical work,enacting a drama,etc.Literature exists only when it is read.They maintain that reading is a transction between the reader and the text,meaning is as dependent upon the reader as it is dependent upon the text.So there is no universal and absolute interpretation of a poem;rather,there can be several probable interpretations.According to their view-point,a literary text possesses no fixed and final meaning and value.Literary meaning and value are “transactional”,“dialogic”,created by the interaction of the reader and the text.In this paper,the writer,with his interpretation of the poem The Road Not Taken by famous American poet Robert Frost,tries to demonstrate that Reader-Response Criticism,in a sense,is reasonable in proving that the reality of the text lies between the reader and the text and in the transaction,it is the readers who bring their world of experience to activate the text.     

Death of a Salesman and American Dream

American Dream refers to the belief of the majority of Americans.Through hard work,thrift,and determination,they can surely achieve a better life and live a comfortable life.Such an American Dream has a profound influence on several generations of Americans.American Dream has a close relationship with people’ s working life and cultural activities.Death of a Salesman is a typical play about the pursuit and the illusionary of the Dream follower.In Death of a Salesman,the American Dream is the main hero as well as Willy Loman’ s spiritual pillar.The pursuit,the realization,and the disillusionment of the American Dream develop with Willy and his family.     

青春

Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.