辣根过氧化物酶酶学特性及应用进展

辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）是一种以亚铁血红素为氧化还原中心的过氧化物酶,从植物辣根的根部提取,目前被广泛地应用在污水处理、食品工业、有机合成和分析检测等领域。本文综述了辣根过氧化物酶的结构、固定化及辣根过氧化物酶在各个领域的应用,并对其工业应用前景及未来研究方向进行了探讨。     

固定化辣根过氧化物酶电化学测定有机过氧化物和亚硝酸盐

利用海藻酸钠（SA）水凝胶将辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）固定在玻碳电极表面,制备了HRP-SA膜修饰电极．包埋在海藻酸钠水凝胶中的辣根过氧化物酶可以与电极直接传递电子．在pH=7．0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液和磷酸盐,乙醇混合溶液中均可得到一对辣根过氧化物酶辅基血红素Fe（Ⅲ）／Fe（Ⅱ）电对的可逆氧化还原峰．研究了HRP-SA膜修饰电极对有机过氧化物（过氧化氢、氢过氧化叔丁基、氢过氧化异丙基苯、过氧化丁酮）和亚硝酸盐的电催化性质,表明该方法可用于上述物质的定量测定．     

血红素蛋白质在甲基纤维素膜中的电化学研究

利用甲基纤维素(MC)水凝胶将肌红蛋白(Mb)、血红蛋白(Hb)、辣根过氧化物酶（HRP,)和过氧化氢酶(Cat)四种血红素蛋白质固定在裂解石墨电极表面，形成稳定的血红素蛋白质-MC膜修饰电极，在MC膜中，Mb、Hb、HRP和Cat直接与电极之间传递电子，四种血红素蛋白质的式电势都随溶液pH的增加而负移且呈线性关系，表明电子传递过程伴随着质子转移，这种氧化还原玻尔效应反应了蛋白质结构与功能的关系。     

速率法测定辣根过氧化物酶

本文介绍了一种速率法测定辣根过氧化物酶的方法。以对苯二胺和过氧化氢为底物经辣根过氧化物酶作用生成紫红色化合物.用440nm 单色光进行光电比色,每隔30秒钟记录一次吸光度值,直至3分钟为止。绘出吸光度时间关系曲线。求出斜率后,从标准工作曲线中查得样品中辣根过氧化物酶的含量。该方法可用于竦根过氧化物酶制备过程中每一操作步骤中酶的比活性测定。本法也可用于其他过氧化物酶的测定。     

辣根过氧化物酶在双十六烷基磷酸膜中的直接电化学

利用表面活性剂双十六烷基磷酸（DHP）将辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）固定在EPG电极表面,研究了酶中Fe(（Ⅲ）／Fe（Ⅱ）电对与电极之间的直接电子传递过程以及酶催化双氧水还原过程,结果表明：（1）表面活性剂是一种固定酶的理想材料;（2）这种体系可能应用于构造第三代生物传感器．     

基于酶催化沉积放大的阻抗免疫传感器

提出一种基于酶催化沉积底物和生物素——亲和素两步放大的超灵敏免疫检测方法.抗体通过单层蛋白A固定到金电极表面,预先处理好的生物素化抗体和辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）标记的亲和素形成的网状复合物作为免疫反应信号的放大探针.在有H2O2存在的情况下,通过辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）催化氧化DAB（3,3’—联苯二胺）在金电极上沉积一层不溶物,引起阻抗的显著增大.该传感器用于人IgG检测,检测下限为1.0×10^-8g.采用法拉第阻抗和压电石英晶体微天平分别表征了该传感器的特性.     

辣根过氧化物酶催化合成壳聚糖-没食子酸甲酯的条件研究

以辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）为催化剂,催化合成壳聚糖-没食子酸甲酯。探讨了接枝条件（酶用量、壳聚糖与底物浓度比例、底物浓度、反应时间等）对接枝率的影响,通过FTIR对其产物进行结构表征。结果表明,酶法催化合成适宜条件：辣根过氧化物酶（酶活力为40U/mL）用量为0.7mL,壳聚糖与没食子酸甲酯的量浓度比为3∶1,没食子酸甲酯浓度为7mmoL/L,反应时间2h。用线性电位滴定法测其接枝率为11.0%～37.2%。     

辣根过氧化物酶催化H2O2氧化橙黄Ⅱ的降解研究

研究了pH值、温度、反应时间、过氧化氢用量、染料初始浓度等对辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）催化过氧化氢氧化降解橙黄Ⅱ染料溶液的影响.结果表明在pH值为2、温度为43℃、反应时间为12 min、H2 O2用量为2.0 mmol·L-1、染料初始浓度0.8 mmol·L-1时橙黄Ⅱ的降解最为理想,脱色率可达到83.7％.     

聚靛蓝胭脂红固定过氧化物酶生物传感器的研究

采用电化学聚合法制备聚靛蓝胭脂红膜,并通过静电吸附固定辣根过氧化物酶,形成聚靛蓝胭脂红修饰的辣根过氧化物酶电极。聚靛蓝胭脂红在电极与酶分子之间传递电荷,因此,在没有额外的电子媒介体的条件下,通过循环伏安法考察电极的电化学特性。探讨了pH值、温度、工作电位和抗坏血酸等对此生物传感器电催化还原H2O2的影响。此生物传感器制作简单、响应时间短(5 s)、选择性好、灵敏度高,对H2O2线性响应范围为5×10-7~1×10-2mol.l-1检出限为5×10-8mol.l-1     

基于共价连接的辣根过氧化物酶的直接电化学与高稳定性传感器构建

利用金电极上自组装的3-巯基丙酸自组装膜,通过DCC和NHS共价连接辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）,构建了一种稳定性好、寿命长的过氧化氢电化学生物传感器.HRP在该电极上实现了直接电子传递,其氧化还原峰电位差为250mV,式量电位为-231 mV.该传感器对过氧化氢表现出良好的电催化活性,还原峰电流与过氧化氢含量在1.5-1000μmol/L之间呈现良好的线性关系,灵敏度达到1185μA/mM,检出限为0.5μmol/L.该传感器具有良好的稳定性、重现性,已用于合成样品中过氧化氢含量的测定,准确度良好.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.