因迪纳(Indena)在华中药专利及其启示

因迪纳是在华中药专利申请量和授权量最多的国外医药公司,但国内学界对其关注并不多见。首次较为全面地分析因迪纳在华专利现状及其专利战略,结合我国中药行业存在的研发投入与专利创新能力不足、专利转化率较低等问题,从政府和企业两个层面提出解决问题的设想。     

Behind the recent surge of Chinese patenting: An institutional view

This paper examines a number of forces that have possibly contributed to the explosive growth of Chinese patenting over the past decade. After a review of previous hypotheses and conventional wisdom, this study proposes an additional explanation and argues that patent subsidy programs implemented by each provincial region have played an important role in the growth of Chinese patenting. This institutional change, taking place at the province-level, has induced an increase in patent propensity among not only firms, universities, and research institutes, but also individuals. Empirical evidence based on publicly available data provides solid support for this argument. It was also found that a larger fraction of applications are granted patent rights since the implementation of such programs, suggesting that reduction in patent application quality may not be a serious concern, unless the criteria used for patent examination have been lowered.     

企业专利申请类型的影响因素探析:来自中国工业企业的实证研究

基于中国工业企业微观数据考察了企业专利申请类型的选择,在此基础上构建bi-probit模型,深入分析规模、产业竞争及研发投入对企业专利申请类型的影响,研究发现,企业规模和产业集中度促进了企业的发明专利和实用新型专利申请,且对发明专利的影响更大;研发强度促进发明专利的申请,但与实用新型专利申请负相关。在此基础上提出企业专利战略选择和我国专利制度改革的政策建议。     

Royalties, evolving patent rights, and the value of innovation

The value of an innovation to the innovator can change over time, especially in response to changes in the legal protection (such as patent rights) afforded the innovator. A proven-valid-and-infringed patent is a more valuable economic commodity than is an untested patent. The increase in value can be estimated using the success rate of patent lawsuits. Using a database of the outcomes of U.S. patent litigation, we find that plaintiffs win patent litigation some 45% of the time at the trial court level. This has implications both for patent damages awards and for the incentives to innovate.     

高校专利质量研究与分级管理实践——以一流大学建设42所高校为例

［研究目的］新时代知识产权强国建设背景下,高校对知识产权管理的需求日益增长,本文旨在探讨并构建专利质量评价的模型,进行实证研究,以期对高校科研管理提供有益抓手、为提升高校专利转移转化效率提供一些启示。［研究方法］结合现有专利质量评价研究,探讨并构建包含多维度的专利质量评价体系,利用该模型对中国的全量专利数据进行了计算,根据整体跑分数据,制定了专利质量分级策略。以“一流大学建设”的42所高校为研究对象,创建专利质量评价数据集,并对其专利进行评分,得出并分析高效专利质量分级数据;采用专利审查员引用数据进行高校专利H指标计算,将高校专利质量分级数据和专利h指数进行模型验证,探讨高校专利H指数和本研究专利质量分级之间的相关性。［研究结论］经过实证分析,构建的专利质量评价模型在高校专利质量分级管理方面具有一定的有效性和便捷性。一定条件下,本研究的高校专利质量分级表现基本符合高校名次和H指数表现,由于H指数有一定自限性,在比较专利数据量差异较大的高校时采用本研究的分级数据相对合理一些,可以避免单纯依专利据数量进行判断,为高校分级管理工作提供参考。     

基于GRU-Attention机制的高校发明专利质量评估模型研究

为能够快速准确地对高校发明专利质量进行评估,充分考虑专利的文本属性和结构化数据信息,基于深度学习技术构建基于GRU-Attention机制的高校发明专利质量评估模型,并通过引入衡量高校发明专利质量的关键指标及权重信息对初始模型进行改进.经验证,结合专家知识改进后的评估模型在稳定性和准确率上有明显优势,能够为高校发明专利...     

Continuing patent applications at the USPTO

Despite their growing importance for firm innovation strategy and frequent appearance in U.S. patent policy debates, how continuing patent applications are used remains unclear. Turn-of-the-century reforms strongly limited opportunities to extend patent term and surprise competitors, but continuing applications have steadily risen since. We argue that they retain a subtle use, as applicants can file continuations to keep prosecution open and change patent scope after locking in gains with the initial patent. We document a sharp drop in parent abandonment and rise in continuations per original patent after the reforms. Continuing applications are more privately valuable than original patents, are filed in more uncertain contexts, for higher value technologies, by more strategic applicants, and react strongly to the notice of allowance. The evidence supports a current strategic use of continuing applications to craft claims over time.     

The heterogeneous effects of patent scope on licensing propensity

How does patent scope influence licensing propensity of inventions? Prior studies have often been confined to specific industries or settings, and their results have been mixed with studies showing a positive, a negative, or even no significant relationship. Also, while some have explored moderating factors that might influence the patent scope-licensing relationship, a systematic investigation of the heterogeneous effects of patent scope on licensing at the invention level has not been undertaken. This study combines a broad sample of publicly reported patent licensing agreements and a novel methodology that captures an exogenous variation in patent scope to re-investigate the relationship between patent scope and licensing and to explore key invention and inventor characteristics that could influence this relationship. The results show that narrowed patent scope leads to a substantial decline in licensing propensity of inventions and that the effect is stronger for high-quality, science-based, and novel inventions as well as for inventions generated by small inventors.     

论职务发明创造的非职务化流失

职务发明创造非职务化,是单位甚至国有专利权流失的一条重要途径。本比较系统地探讨了职务发明创造非职务化的表现形式,分析了导致职务发明创造非职务化的原因,最后提出了遏制职务发明创造非职务化的对策。     

广西专利综合实力现状与对策研究

在解读《2012年全国专利实力状况报告》的基础上,分析研究了广西知识产权事业所取得的成就和问题,进而提出了建设\"东盟知识产权特区\"、\"专利质押+专利保险\"等对策建议。     

区域专利政策协同及其实证研究

区域专利政策协同失灵已成为制约专利政策预期效能发挥的根源性障碍。在专利融入产业发展的双重视角下从政策基本结构入手,以知识产权价值链理论为指导,以政策主体协同、政策目标协同和政策措施协同三维度为框架解构专利政策协同,并推演各维度内含要素,再在此基础上制定政策协同量化标准手册。通过对江苏省专利政策的实证分析,结果表明：江苏省专利政策存有主体协同中横向决策主体协作分工不足、目标协同中诱导点布局缺位、措施协同中资源匹配碎片化等协同失灵问题。最后,作出提升江苏省专利政策协同性的建议。     

How do foreign firms patent in emerging economies with weak appropriability regimes? Archetypes and motives

Foreign firms patent in emerging economies with weak appropriability regimes at an increasing rate. This phenomenon constitutes a paradox since in such a setting foreign firms should have weak incentives to patent. In an attempt to resolve this paradox, we conducted an inductive analysis of 11 foreign firms that patent in such a setting, using the case of China as our empirical context. We identify four archetypes of foreign firms and three key antecedents the interaction of which determines which archetype a firm can be subsumed under.Our study complements the developed-economy focus of the extant appropriation literature by adding an international perspective. We extend previous econometric studies by identifying salient factors on the firm level that determine the extent to which a foreign firm patents in emerging economies with a weak appropriability regime, highlighting that the extent of a firm's motivation to maintain its freedom to operate can supersede imitability concerns. We also comment on the practical implications of these contributions for managers of foreign firms. Highlighting a structural conflict of interest between foreign firms from developed economies and the development goals of an emerging economy, we point to the generalizability of our results to a wide range of other emerging economies worldwide.     

NPE对我国专利运营模式的启示

伴随着互联网快速发展,经济全球化越来越深入我们的生产和生活。我国企业特别是一些高新技术企业以及知识产权相对集中的产业要走出去,难免会遇到专利纠纷和专利诉讼。而近年来NPE的迅速发展,无疑对经济社会产生了重要影响,引起了世界各国的关注。一些高科技公司和知名企业,已经被NPE给盯上而被迫支付高昂的专利诉讼费或者专利许可费,而一些小企业在走出去的同时也会遇到这样的问题。我国企业需要扬长避短来应对NPE的攻势,不然漫长的诉讼周期以及高昂的赔偿费用,很有可能拖垮中小企业,阻碍各产业的技术创新。本文将从NPE类型、运营模式及其带来的主要影响,并以高智公司为例研究其发展历程和讨论对国内企业可能造成的影响,以及借鉴国外和其他地区关于规制NPE的立法和实践等,从而提出建立和完善我国专利运营模式的可行性措施,对我国专利运营模式未来的发展等方面提出自己的见解。