Secure Base Provision: A New Approach to Examining Links Between Maternal Caregiving and Infant Attachment

This observational study addressed a critical gap in the understanding of the precursors of infant attachment by examining whether a new conceptualization of maternal caregiving behavior, secure base provision (SBP), explained variance in attachment above and beyond variance explained by sensitivity. Participants included 83 low-socioeconomic status (SES), 4.5-month-old infants (56% male) and their mothers. Infant–mother dyads completed laboratory tasks at 4.5 months and three 30-min home visits between 7 and 9 months, then returned to the laboratory at 12 months for an attachment assessment. Maternal sensitivity did not significantly predict infant attachment security. SBP significantly predicted infant attachment, over and above sensitivity, with an effect size eight times larger than that of sensitivity in meta-analytic findings for low-SES families.     

依恋与人格障碍的关系:维度诊断的新视角

人格障碍是一种常见的、具有临床挑战性和社会破坏性的心理疾病。易感基因、人格特质和后天环境的交互作用导致了人格障碍患者的内心体验和行为模式持久地偏离其所在文化的规范。个体生命早期与主要抚养人之间的依恋关系是诱发人格病理倾向并发展为人格障碍的重要环境因素。基于维度诊断的新视角更有助于全面深入理解依恋对于人格障碍的形成机制。评估人格功能受损程度是人格障碍维度诊断的第一步。依据依恋理论和精神分析学,不安全依恋会导致自我功能和人际功能不良,但是否达到人格障碍诊断所要求的中等程度以上的受损还有待进一步分析。人格障碍维度诊断的第二步是通过病理性人格特质区分人格障碍的类型。不安全依恋与消极情绪性、对立违抗、去抑制、分离感和精神质五大病理性人格特质维度都存在一致的、中等以上水平的正相关。但是,人格障碍诊断还需要综合评估人格功能受损程度以及典型的病理性人格特质组合,亟待更多未来研究直接验证在新的诊断范式下依恋关系对所有人格障碍的形成机制。     

依恋研究述评

依恋对个体的社会性和个性的发展有着极为重要的意义,从依恋涵义的演化入手,介绍了依恋研究的国内外概况,并分别探讨了依恋的内部工作模式、依恋的影响因素以及依恋对认知和社会性发展的影响等几个问题,最后提出目前依恋研究中存在的争议,试图从整体上对依恋研究有一个明晰的把握。     

青少年依恋发展特点的初步研究

以四所中学初一至高三六个年级的学生为被试,用问卷调查的方式,探讨青少年依恋的发展特点,结果发现:不论是家庭依恋还是朋友依恋在青少年群体中依然可以分为四个类型;青少年依恋风格分布的稳定性与文化和个体自身特征及其发展规律紧密相联;家庭依恋与朋友依恋两种不同的依恋关系在风格上存在着迁移性,但异变因素仍然存在;初三年级(大约16岁)是青少年阶段依恋发展的一个特殊时期.     

依恋研究综述

以依恋研究史为线索综述了依恋概念的提出、依恋形成发展理论、依恋评估方法的发展、依恋与个体心理及行为发展的关系等几方面的内容，并提出了在依恋研究领域中有待进一步研究的问题。     

A Primary Approach to Encopresis

Cynthia Watts, teacher at a primary school in the London Borough of Barnet, helped an encopretic child by building up the child's self esteem and drawing on some aspects of behaviour modification     

论翻译话语对意识形态的依附关系

翻译话语模式受到很多因素的影响,意识形态是主要影响因素之一,这种影响主要表现在翻译文本的选择、翻译策略与方法的确定以及对翻译研究发展水平上。借助描述性研究方法探讨意识形态对翻译的影响,结果发现在翻译活动中从翻译文本的选择到翻译结果的产生。意识形态都在有形地或是无形地发挥着操控作用。     

Using the Ecosystemic Approach to Change Chronic Problem Behaviour in Primary Schools

This paper describes a small‐scale study of what the authors describe as the ecosystemic approach to changing chronic problem behaviour. The study was undertaken with a group of twelve Leicestershire primary teachers. The technique is briefly described and then teachers' responses to it and its effectiveness are discussed. Four case study examples are presented and finally its potential is considered. Although in this case the work was undertaken with primary teachers, this is an approach which could also be useful at secondary level.     

Universality Without Uniformity: A Culturally Inclusive Approach to Sensitive Responsiveness in Infant Caregiving

Do caregivers in non‐Western communities adapt their behaviors to the needs of infants? This question reflects one of the most long‐standing debates on the universality versus culture‐specificity of caregiver–infant interactions in general and sensitive responsiveness to infants in particular. In this article, an integration of both points of view is presented, based on the theoretical origins of the sensitive responsiveness construct combined with the ethnographic literature on caregivers and infants in different parts of the world. This integration advocates universality without uniformity, and calls for multidisciplinary collaborations to investigate the complexities and nuances of caregiver–infant interactions in different cultures. Salient issues are illustrated with observations of infants (ages 7–31 months) in Mali, the Republic of Congo, and the Philippines.     

ASP文件查询安全的Access数据库方法的研究

通过示例介绍了如何用ASP(Active Server Pages)技术交互式处理用户HTML文件中表单登录信息如用户名及密码来限制对安全的Access数据库的访问.     

项目教学法的研究与实践

项目教学法的研究实践,以网页制作课程为教学改革目标,落实高职课程改革工作,实施了项目式课程教学方案,并对项目式教学中涉及的关键环节作了详细的阐述。     

A Comparative Study on the Audiolingual Approach and the Communicative Approach

Audiolingual approach and communicative approach are two major teaching methods in the history of language teach ing.This paper aims to compare these two teaching methods to conclude their benefits for teaching foreign languages in our country.     

网络课程资源采用中教师对学生的影响初探

教师引导学生充分利用网络课程资源有助于提高教学质量。通过对三所高校在教学中采用网络课程资源情况的问卷调查,初步分析了教师使用网络资源对学生的影响。分析发现,教师使用网络课程资源会对学生产生正面影响但影响程度有限,最主要的影响因素为教师示范使用网络课程资源,主要影响方式及途径则是教师指定和推荐使用;教师经常使用网络课程资源的课程,学生认为该课程的教学效果越好。     

嵌入式安全代理及安全Web服务器移植研究

文章阐述了基于ARM平台实现嵌入式安全代理服务器与安全Web服务器移植的关键技术,主要内容包括ARM平台openssl的移植方法,SSL代理服务器及安全web服务器在ARM主机的移植安装与运行.最后,以两个运行实例演示安全代理服务器及安全Web服务器的运行效果.     

小学语文情境教学法和语境教学法比较谈--关于李吉林语文情境教学实验系列研究之六

情境教学和语境教学在教学方法上有诸多不同.在教学方法的目标达成上,情境教学法达成的目标是以思想教育为核心的多元目标,语境教学达成的目标是学生的言语交际能力;在运用特点上,情境教学强调预设和虚拟,语境教学强调真实和随机生成;在使用效果上,情境教学法容易带来花盆效应和作秀现象,语境教学则不容易出现这类现象;在是否运用语境理论作指导等方面,情境教学法不用,语境教学法则用.     

Helicopter Parenting: The Effect of an Overbearing Caregiving Style on Peer Attachment and Self‐Efficacy

Helicopter parenting, an observed phenomenon on college campuses, may adversely affect college students. The authors examined how helicopter parenting is related to self‐efficacy and peer relationships among 190 undergraduate students ages 16 to 28 years. Helicopter parenting was associated with low self‐efficacy, alienation from peers, and a lack of trust among peers. Implications are provided for counselors and psychologists in college‐ and university‐based counseling centers to help them to understand and provide assessment and treatment for adult children of helicopter parents.     

A Primary Study on Netspeak

Language has changed greatly in the information age. Linguistic changes markedly reflect on the lexical aspects, for words are the most active factors in language. Netspeak is a kind of special language which is between spoken language and written language. Essentially, as a social variance of the modem language, it changes with the type or style of the language depending on the differences of the language carriers. It is an identity denotation for surfers on the Internet and a medium or tool for them to challenge traditions. This paper analyses the features and word-formation of netspeak. We can have a better understanding of netspeak in the new era with an understanding of the knowledge of lexical changes and word-formation.