博物馆观众研究简史(一)——20世纪60年代以前

博物馆观众研究领域最早的成果可以追溯到吉尔曼在1911年的研究工作,本文对观众评估研究的关注对象与问题进行了历史性的批判分析。本研究揭示了各类研究建立的范式,包括对实施机制的说明、对评估客观性的审问、对文化民主化研究和营销相关研究之间不协调性的强调。本文介绍了博物馆观众研究领域的形成和早期研究的成果,描绘了20世纪60年代以前这一领域的行为主义研究进路,以及这一阶段末期自然主义评估萌芽的出现。     

Canada’s national initiative to advance access to electronic journals*

This paper describes a national experiment in the licensing of full text information in journals, primarily in the fields of science, technology and medicine. It discusses the initiative of the federal government of Canada through the creation of the Canada Foundation for Innovation as a new funding agency, with an objective of improving research and creativity in Canadian science. The successful efforts initiated by the Canadian Association of Research Libraries/Association des bibliothèques de recherche du Canada to create a funding opportunity to develop the ‘information infrastructure’ for Canadian researchers and the resulting Canadian National Site Licensing Project (CNSLP) progress is discussed. The evolution of a project governance structure to maintain the support of the 64 participating institutions is reviewed and the need to develop an appropriate exit strategy at the conclusion of the federal funding is also considered.     

Older people’s health information needs

This paper, originally given at the Health Libraries Group conference ‘First aid for the front line’ in September 1998, argues that older people’s health information needs are in many respects little different to anyone else’s. It looks at different formats of information that may be helpful for older people, and at the needs of two specific groups, carers and elders from ethnic groups. Direct user involvement in the development of information is seen as important. It is emphasized that there is a particular need for primary care workers to know how other services, such as those within social care and the voluntary sector, operate. The paper ends by looking at the information professional’s role in providing resources and training to such workers, and suggests a broader remit for the profession as a whole, to help to ensure social inclusion for older people.     

From gentleman’s club to the marketplace: the library experience

In March this year I retired after a library career spent almost entirely in one institution. From this limited experience I hope to draw examples of changes in the library world, and their consequences, which I believe have general application.     

Distance learning for MLA’s centennial!

In celebration of the Medical Library Association’s Centennial, their Continuing Education Committee developed a year of distance learning opportunities concerning evidence-based health care. The Centennial Distance Learning Program, as it became known, strove to reach as many members as possible by offering a wide variety of formats, including a teleconference, Web resources, journal clubs, and a suite of traditional CE courses at the annual meeting. This was the first time that MLA had attempted a multi-level distance learning project and it proved to be a rousing success! For more details, visit the ‘EBHC in Action’ Web page on MLANET at: http://www.mlanet.org/education/telecon/index.html .     

王云五的丛书出版对近代图书馆事业的贡献

王云五编纂出版的《万有文库》、《丛书集成》等大型现代丛书,以其低廉的价格、系统的图书收录和科学实用的分类编目,一定程度上解决了我国近代图书馆早期建设经费支绌、管理人才缺乏和难以罗致大量图书等问题。既提升了图书馆藏书的规模和质量,又扩大了图书馆的数量,建立了我国近代图书馆的根基,为图书馆的发展做出了独特的贡献。参考文献10。     

叙事博物馆学:再议观众研究的质性方法

在博物馆观众研究以及相关效益评价中,定量方法已经成为主流甚至主宰,而叙事性的博物馆学方法却被日益边缘化。叙事(narrative)是人类的群体属性,叙事博物馆学更关注“可感知的历史”,它可以是一个故事,也可以是一首歌、一则笑话、一个理论、一条注解或一项计划。每一个个案故事可被感知,能够激起情感共鸣,并可以像“病毒”一样通过日常交流在公众中传播。叙事博物馆学不同于博物馆叙事,它是基于平民化和日常化的观众叙事,是一种新的方法学和认识论。     

Writing medical papers: a practitioner’s view

Considers the numbers of specialist medical papers published; checks on their accuracy; motives for writing and for selection for publication; and suggests guidelines for writers of papers.     

The research process: a beginner’s guide

The introduction of evidence-based health care and the importance of library services in supporting this trend mean that librarians should at the very least understand the research process. The research process is often misunderstood and feared. This paper explains the research process step by step, giving examples. The major research designs, experimental, quasi-experimental, survey and action research are described. This paper is deliberately practical rather than academically focused. Its structure could be used to structure a small-scale research project, with the help of the literature in the annotated bibliography.     

An axiomatic analysis of Egghe’s g-index

The g-index is a well-known index for measuring and comparing the output of scientific researchers, which has been introduced by Leo Egghe in 2006 as an improvement of the Hirsch-index. This article gives an axiomatic characterization of the g-index in terms of three natural axioms.